原子序数与镧系离子理化性质的相关性研究

用原子序数(N)代表镧系离子(Ln^3 )大体结构效应的因素，并将N对镧系离子的16种理化性质(P)进行线性回归，回归方程均在0．001显水平下通过F检验，估算值与实验值都很好吻合。     

Atomic phase diagram

Based on the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Cheng model, atomic phase diagram or electron density versus atomic radius diagram describing the interaction properties of atoms of different kinds in equilibrium state is developed. Atomic phase diagram is established based on the two-atoms model. Besides atomic radius, electron density and continuity condition for electron density on interfaces between atoms, the lever law of atomic phase diagram involving other physical parameters is taken into account, such as the binding energy, for the sake of simplicity.     

Computer simulation for the precipitation process of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy

The precipitation mechanism of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy above the L12 instability line, between the L12 and D022 instability lines and below the D022 instability line are studied using microscopic phase-field kinetic equation. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on precipitation mechanism and morphological evolution of the alloy. Our simulations demonstrate that the precipitation is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition above the L12 instability line. It needs certain thermal fluctuations for nucleation and the number of θ phases is small at this temperature. The precipitation mechanism of γ'phase is congruent ordering followed by spinodal decomposition, and θ phase is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition between the L12 and D022 instability lines. The mechanism below the D022 instability line is similar to that between the L12 and D022 instability lines. With the decrease of the temperature, ordering and phase separation becomes fast, the dimension of γ'phase becomes small, the shape transforms from equiaxed to block, the dimension of θ phase becomes large and the shape transforms from strip to circle.     

用原子吸收光谱法测定交联聚合物中的铬含量

用原子吸收光谱法直接测定了聚丙烯酰胺中的铬含量 ,并对影响铬测量值的因素进行了分析。实验结果表明 ,加入交联剂可有效地提高聚合物溶液的粘度 ,改善聚合物的抗温、抗盐、抗剪切的性能 ,从而提高聚合物驱油效果。对空白试剂进行了考察 ,该测量方法的相对标准偏差为 2 .3% ,试样加标回收率达到 95 %～ 10 5 %。铬的检出限为 0 .0 16mg/L。实际测定了不同浓度聚丙烯酰胺中的铬含量 ,测量结果的相对误差小于 1%。     

激光冷却和操控原子:原理与应用

 利用激光进行冷却和囚禁原子,可降低原子热运动速度、实现原子的量子操控,在精密测量等领域具有重要应用。本文概述了激光冷却和囚禁原子技术的发展历程及其基本原理,综述了该技术在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚、原子钟和原子干涉仪等领域的应用。     

氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法测定水中的砷和硒的含量

采用断续流动氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法同时测定水中的微量砷、硒,确定了仪器及氢化物产生的最佳实验条件。测定结果表明实际样品中砷的回收率在85%~110%之间;硒的回收率在92%~102%之间,样品测量值的相对标准偏差砷在1.1%~4.8%之间,硒在5.0%~5.9%之间。本方法可一次消化样品并同时测定砷、硒的含量,具有操作简单、快速、基体干扰少、灵敏度高、分析结果稳定可靠、节省试剂等特点,并且采用自动进样,适于大量样品的快速分析。     

PM3级别上的最大重迭对称性分子轨道

本文提出了PM3级别上的最大重迭对称性分子轨道计算方案,采用通常的半经验分子轨道方法PM3级别中完全相同的参数,计算了各种分子的几何参数、电离能等,所得结果与实验值及PM3半经验分子轨道方法计算结果相符,说明该计算方案是可行的。同时,由于提出的计算方案过程简单,更易推广使用到从头算方法难以解决的大分子体系和超分子体系的结构和性质研究。     

正常人脐静脉内皮细胞的原子力显微镜观察

目的:利用原子力显微镜(AFM)在单细胞水平分析正常人脐静脉内皮细胞的形貌特征和机械性质,为了解内皮细胞结构与功能的关系奠定基础.方法:新鲜人脐静脉内灌注质量分数为0.25%胰蛋白酶消化,获得人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs),M199培养基进行培养,免疫细胞化学检测内皮细胞第Ⅷ因子的表达.将体外培养的HUVECs用质量...     

Understanding atomic-scale phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloy

Using liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy as a model, the structure of liquid Fe-Cu alloy systems is investigated in the temperature range 1200 2200 K, covering a large metastable undercooled regime, to understand the phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloys on the atomic scale. The total pair distribution functions (PDFs) indicate that liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range. If the atom types are ignored, the total atom number densities and PDFs demonstrate that the atoms are distributed homogenously in the liquid alloy. However, the segregation of Fe and Cu atoms is very obvious with decreasing temperature. The partial PDFs and coordination numbers show that the Cu and Fe atoms are not apt to get together on the atomic scale at low temperatures; this will lead to large fluctuations and phase separation in liquid Fe-Cu alloy.     

柱心为A53的SD型拟本原置换群的次轨道

 分析了SD型拟本原置换群的作用,确定了柱心为A₅³的SD型拟本原置换群G的次轨道的个数及其长度,从而确定了所有G弧传递图的度数.