南淝河水质S-P模型参数K1、K2的估值

对南淝河河流水质S-P模型中碳化BOD衰减系数K1和大气复氧系数K2分段进行了估值.根据实验测定数据,用最小二乘法、图解法和两点法等3种方法对K1进行了估值,应用公式估算法对K2进行了估值,并对估值的结果与南淝河的有机污染状况进行了对比和分析,从而为模型提供准确的参数值,也为南淝河的水污染控制和水质规划提供有益的借鉴.     

A ground‐level ozone forecasting model for Santiago,Chile

A physically based model for ground‐level ozone forecasting is evaluated for Santiago, Chile. The model predicts the daily peak ozone concentration, with the daily rise of air temperature as input variable; weekends and rainy days appear as interventions. This model was used to analyse historical data, using the Linear Transfer Function/Finite Impulse Response (LTF/FIR) formalism; the Simultaneous Transfer Function (STF) method was used to analyse several monitoring stations together. Model evaluation showed a good forecasting performance across stations—for low and high ozone impacts—with power of detection (POD) values between 70 and 100%, Heidke's Skill Scores between 40% and 70% and low false alarm rates (FAR). The model consistently outperforms a pure persistence forecast. Model performance was not sensitive to different implementation options. The model performance degrades for two‐ and three‐days ahead forecast, but is still acceptable for the purpose of developing an environmental warning system at Santiago. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汽车尾气分析仪中的大气压力补偿技术

汽车尾气分析仪主要是通过检测汽车尾气中不同气体的含量,以达到合理控制的目的。在对气体浓度的检测中,大气压力的影响不能忽视。本文围绕这个问题,详细讨论了大气压力影响的补偿方法。     

南海夏季风活动激发的大气遥相关型

北半球夏季,南海地区是全球大气热状况变化最为激烈的区域之一,而南海夏季风则是该地区最为活跃的天气事件,它的演变必将导致其它地区大气环流的响应．通过相关计算、合成分析等手段,揭示与南海夏季风活动相关联的北半球大气遥相关型的存在．该波列状的遥相关型与东亚地区相连,经北太平洋延伸至北美西岸．最高的相关位于西太平洋副热带高压区域,因而它可能对我国旱涝天气产生重要影响．     

生物浮动床处理电厂厂区生活污水

利用"生物浮动床-过滤-臭氧杀菌"技术处理电厂厂区生活污水,耐有机负荷冲击和水力冲击的能力强,对CODcr、氨氮、总磷有较好的去除效果.CODcr总去除率最高可达到95%,出水CODcr稳定在10～30 mg/L;总磷去除率达到50%以上,出水总磷质量浓度低于0.5mg/L;对NH3-N的去除率基本可以稳定在80%以上;浊度消减率可达到84%,细菌杀灭率大于99.9%,出水细菌浓度小于1/L.     

南极冰表面上ClONO2与Cl-的反应机理研究

 采用密度泛函理论计算方法B3LYP和基组6-31G(d,p),对ClONO₂+Cl-(H₂O)_n^→Cl₂+NO₃^-(H₂O)_n(n=0,1,2)的反应机理进行了理论计算研究.研究发现,随着参与反应的水分子数n的增加,反应活化能垒降低.计算结果表明,在冰表面上,水一方面通过氢键的参与形成环形团簇复合物降低活化能;另一方面,水分子作为桥,辅助分子间质子发生迁移,加快反应进程,对反应起到一定的催化作用.这与实验观察到的结果相一致.     

常压蒸馏塔模拟分析

根据常减压炼油装置在线模拟分析与优化控制的需要，研究了常减压蒸馏塔模型建立及求解方法，设计开发成功该装置的严格在线模拟分析优化系统．结合实际工艺流程，通过研究分析原油常压蒸馏塔的结构特点，提出了模拟常压蒸馏装置的模块法收敛求解新策略，即把该装置分解为精馏、吸收、闪蒸等模块的流程组合，克服了现有模拟方法的局限性，可方便地将已有的数学模型、解算方法等成熟模块应用于常压塔的模拟分析，准确有效地进行装置的严格在线模拟与优化．     

Dynamical framework with blocking topography coordinates for atmospheric GCM and its validation

The dynamical framework with Blocking Topography Coordinates (hereafter, BTC), which is suited to handle the steep topography for the atmospheric general circulation models, is presented in this paper, together with its validation results. The integral properties of both the differential and finite-difference equations for the BTC dynamical core are: gross mass conservation, quadratic conservation for advection terms, Coriolis force does not change the kinetic energy, conservation of total available energy. The improved nonlinear iteration scheme is utilized for the time-integration. The energy conservation for BTC dynamical core is validated by using the integration results from 9-layer and 21-layer version respectively. Comparison results show that, the changes of the kinetic energy and total available potential energy during the integration are quite close for both the BTC dynamical framework and the dynamical framework of IAP 9-level and IAP 21-level AGCM, and this may suggest that the BTC dynamical core can be used for long-term integration with good computational stability. Furthermore, the BTC dynamical core has the advantage over the terrain following (sigma) coordinates in its better representation of the influence of the large-scale topography on the atmospheric general circulation. Finally, the correctness and reasonableness of the BTC dynamical core has been further proved by the numerical simulation of the topography influence on the quasi-stationary planetary wave with 21-layer version of BTC dynamical framework.     

无臭氧负离子空气净化器最佳设计问题

研究了在电晕线加热情况下负离子空气净化器结构的选择总是其中包括电极间距、电晕线线径，网状电极网孔尺寸。讨论了加热功率及供电电源的设计问题，为负离子空气净化器的合理化设计提供了依据。