家兔髋关节软骨扫描电镜观察

应用扫描电镜对家兔髋关节软骨观察发现:月状面软骨表面和股骨头软骨表面均具由纤维编织而成的网状层,月状面软骨顶部,纤维交错,网状层形态结构复杂而又丰厚;前部与后部次之,股骨头顶部,关节软骨表面的网状层显著低矮、致密,并有一矩形凹陷;下部,网状层呈斑块状,高低错落。     

CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料制备及其性能表征

采用溶媒浇铸/粒子滤取技术与气体发泡相结合的方法制备了三维、连通、微孔网状结构的CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料.测试了CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料的物理、力学性能并借助扫描电镜对其微结构进行了观察.结果表明,支架复合材料的初始物理、力学性能和微结构满足软骨组织工程对其支架材料的要求.     

聚乙烯醇水凝胶人工软骨的连接试验

首先使水凝胶与金属纤维网实现微观机械嵌锁连接,然后用骨水泥（ＰＭＭＡ）将纤维网面与底层骨（或金属）粘接．这种方法可实现人工软骨与底层骨（或金属）的机械一化学连接．微观结构分析及力学测试表明界面连接牢固．     

In vivo matrix-guided human mesenchymal stem cells

Microfracture of subchondral bone results in intrinsic repair of cartilage defects. Stem or progenitor cells from bone marrow have been proposed to be involved in this regenerative process. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that mesenchymal stem (MS) cells can in fact be recovered from matrix material saturated with cells from bone marrow after microfracture. This also introduces a new technique for MS cell isolation during arthroscopic treatment. MS cells were phenotyped using specific cell surface antibodies. Differentiation of the MS cells into the adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineage could be demonstrated by cultivation of MS cells as a monolayer, as micromass bodies or mesenchymal microspheres. This study demonstrates that MS cells can be attracted to a cartilage defect by guidance of a collagenous matrix after perforating subchondral bone. Protocols for application of MS cells in restoration of cartilage tissue include an initial invasive biopsy to obtain the MS cells and time-wasting in vitro proliferation and possibly differentiation of the cells before implantation. The new technique already includes attraction of MS cells to sites of cartilage defects and therefore may overcome the necessity of in vitro proliferation and differentiation of MS cells prior to transplantation. Received 3 November 2005; received after revision 15 December 2005; accepted 4 January 2006     

赤魟软骨新生血管抑制组分的制备及其活性的初步研究

以赤魟软骨为原料,对赤魟软骨中新生血管抑制组分的提取方法及其生物学活性进行了初步研究。采用盐酸胍抽提、冷冻离心、透析、冷冻干燥等方法,得到分子量为3～300 kDa的活性组分,研究结果表明:赤魟软骨提取物显著地抑制了鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管的生成,并且抑制效果具有一定的浓度依赖性。     

CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料降解性能研究

采用溶媒浇铸/粒子滤取技术与气体发泡相结合的方法制备出CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料,测试了该支架复合材料的物理力学性能和降解性能.研究结果表明,CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料具有适宜的孔隙率,良好的降解性能和物理力学性能,以及三维连通、微孔、网状微观结构.因此,该复合材料有望成为软骨组织工程支架材料之一.     

Collagen of the calcified layer of human articular cartilage

Summary The distribution patterns of collagen types I, II and III were studied using immunofluorescent staining techniques in human articular cartilage, including the calcified layer. Tissue taken from femoral heads was stained with the appropriate antiserum. Adjacent sections were stained with von Kossa or Alizarin red to determine the distribution of calcium salts. Results indicate that endochondral ossification at this site occurs by calcium being deposited initially within a matrix of type II collagen.     

Advances in tissue engineering

Tissue engineering is a newly developed specialty involved in the construction of tissues and organs either in vitro or in vivo. Tremendous progress has been achieved over the past decade in tisse construction as well as in other related areas, such as bone marrow stromal cells, embryonic stem cells and tissue progenitor cells. In our laboratory, tissues of full-thickness skin, bone, cartilage and tendon have been successfully engineered, and the engineered tissues have repaired full-thickness skin wound, cranial bone defects, articular cartilage defects and tendon defects in animals. In basic research areas, bone marrow stromal cells have been induced and transformed into osteoblasts and chondrocytes in vitro. Mouse embryo stem cell lines we established have differentiated into neuron precursor, cardiac muscle cells and epithelial cells. Genetic modifications of seed cells for promoting cell proliferation, delaying cell aging and inducing immune tolerance have also been investigated.     

软骨组织工程新进展

软骨组织工程技术为治疗骨、软骨疾病提供了一种新的方法,其主要技术路线是,通过种子细胞和生物活性支架的体外共培养实现软骨组织的再生,并最终完成组织的修复与重建。种子细胞的选择、支架的构建,培养条件的优化对软骨再生有重要作用,从而成为目前软骨工程领域的研究重点。     

关节内注射尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物对关节软骨的实验研究

探讨了尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物（urokinase-type plasminogen activator,uPA）对关节软骨的影响.选择健康新西兰大白兔42只,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组24只,对照组18只;实验组在右膝关节内注射uPA 0.4μg/0.2mL,对照组注射等容量的生理盐水,在注射后4周、8周、12周分批取兔软骨进行组织学观察及电镜检查.结果显示：实验组关节软骨表面不规则、缺损及结构破坏,软骨细胞数目减少、纤维增生及异染性降低,潮线的完整性破坏.结果表明：尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物可能是导致关节软骨破坏的相关因素之一.