Quaternary structure-dependent idiotope and antigen binding of a monoclonal antibody specific for conformational epitope on type II collagen

We previously generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against a putative pathogenic epitope on native type II collagen (CII) for the induction of collagen-induced arthritis in mice (mAb1), and an anti-idiotypic mAb which appears to possess the internal image of the CII epitope (mAb2). In the present study, the structural basis of the antigen/mAb1 and mAb1/mAb2 interactions was examined. When partially SH-reduced mAb1 was analysed on Western blots, only fragments containing both heavy (H) and light (L) chains were recognized by mAb2. When mAb2 was partially SH-reduced, only fragments containing both H and L chains were recognized by mAb1. H and L chains were separated from mAb1 in a reduced, denatured condition, and each chain and a mixture of the two were refolded. mAb2 reacted specifically to the renatured whole IgG molecule of mAb1, but not to the refolded L or to H chains. Recombinant single chain Fv (scFv) generated from mAb1 and mAb2 had properties of the original mAbs, whereas genetical ly constructed chimeric scFvs, consisting of V_H from mAb1 and an irrelevant V_L , or V_L of mAb1 and an irrelevant V_H , did not react either to CII or to mAb2. Thus, interactions among CII, mAb1 and mAb2 appear to depend on quaternary structures containing different protein subunits. These observations support the internal image property of the mAb2. In addition, this dependency on quaternary structure for recognition of proteins may also be relevant to other protein-protein interactions. Received 29 July 1996; received after revision 13 September 1996; accepted 18 October 1996     

类风湿关节炎并发心血管系统损害43例临床分析

对43例类风湿关节炎急性活动期进行系统检查，发现并发心血病变较为常见，并可引起严重后果。心包积液、二尖瓣狭窄各占35.3%、心律失常55.8%。心脏传导阻滞20.9%、冠状动脉炎9.3%、左心室血栓5.9%。揭示在诊治类风湿关节炎同时应重视心血管系统病变的时期诊断和治疗，对改善预后具有重要意义。     

加味四妙胶囊抗痛风性关节炎实验研究

目的探讨加味四妙胶囊抗痛风性关节炎的作用.方法小鼠腹腔一次性注射氧嗪酸钾混悬液,制备小鼠高尿酸血症模型,检测血尿酸水平;采用尿酸钠诱导的小鼠痛风性关节炎模型,观察加味四妙胶囊对小鼠血尿酸及关节肿胀度的影响.结果与模型组比较,加味四妙胶囊对氧嗪酸钾引起的小鼠血尿酸升高有一定的抑制作用,可显著抑制尿酸钠诱导的小鼠关节肿大.结论加味四妙胶囊在小鼠动物实验中可降低血尿酸水平,对痛风性关节炎有一定的治疗作用.     

巨噬细胞及其表达和分泌产物在类风湿性关节炎发病中的作用

巨噬细胞分化自外周血单核细胞,二者在类风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis, RA）的发病过程中起着关键性的作用。这些细胞参与了炎症的启动和维持、白细胞的黏附和迁移、基质的降解和血管新生。巨噬细胞表达黏附分子、趋化因子受体（chemokine receptor,CR）和其他表面抗原;它们还分泌趋化因子、细胞因子、生长因子、蛋白酶和其他介质。这些炎症介质是关节炎中炎症和血管新生发生的重要病理机制。近年来,巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（macrophage migration inhibitory factor, MIF）受到研究者们的广泛关注,这种细胞因子可由包括巨噬细胞在内的多种细胞产生,它反过来可以促进巨噬细胞的活化和细胞因子的产生;同时,它可以调节机体对糖皮质激素的敏感性;并且将类风湿性关节炎与动脉粥样硬化等炎症疾病联系在一起。在类风湿性关节炎发病过程中,巨噬细胞还可以产生多种蛋白酶（如组织蛋白酶G,cathepsin G）,这些蛋白酶促进了炎症和血管新生的发生。鉴于巨噬细胞及其表达和分泌产物在类风湿关节炎致病机理中具有关键性作用,它们已成为治疗类风湿性关节炎的一个理想靶点。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接研究三七抗类风湿关节炎的分子机制

通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台获取三七的主要活性成分及其相关靶点;通过GeneCards数据库预测类风湿关节炎相关靶点,并运用Uniprot数据库标准化蛋白名称,取三七-类风湿关节炎的交集靶点;通过STRING平台进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析;采用Metascape平台进行GO(gene ontology)功能分析和KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)信号通路富集分析;采用Cytoscape3.7.2构建活性成分-靶点-信号通路相互作用网络;利用AutoDock Vina 1.1.2软件对关键靶点和成分进行分子对接。结果表明:通过筛选获得三七核心活性成分7种,三七-类风湿关节炎共同作用靶点100个,其中核心靶点包括AKT1、IL6、VEGFA、TNF、TP53、JUN、CASP3、PTGS2等;GO分析获得1 064条信号通路,KEGG分析得到102条信号通路,其中与类风湿关节炎相关的信号通路包括AGE-RAGE、MAPK、TNF、IL-17以及HIF-1等;分子对接结果显示关键靶点与成分具有较好的结合活性。研究认为三七抗类风湿关节炎可能是通过对物质代谢、信号转导、炎症反应等多靶点及多通路的调节从而发挥作用。     

Articular cartilage canals — a new pathogenetic mechanism in infectious arthritis

Summary In experimentally-induced erysipelas polyarthritis, preexisting cartilage canals in articular cartilage play a crucial role during the very onset of the disease. This observation might have some implications for the pathogenesis of other infectious arthritides in young animals or even rheumatoid arthritis in man.     

瑟布素疗法治疗风湿性关节炎20例观察

目的:通过蒙医瑟布素疗法治疗风湿性关节炎,进一步证明此疗法的临床疗效.方法:采用披法、瘤胃内纳入法及脏器贴敷法,对20例风湿性关节炎患者进行观察.结果:显效15例(75%),有效4例(20%),无效1例(5%),总有效率95%.结论:此疗法对风湿性关节炎有显著疗效,值得进一步深入研究推广应用.     

A decrease in the estimated frequency of the extended HLA haplotype B18 CF130 DR3 DQw2 is common to non-insulin-dependent diabetes,juvenile rheumatoid arthritis,and Berger's disease

Extended HLA haplotypes frequencies were estimated from the HLA, C2, Bf and C4 phenotypes of 74 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDD), 92 with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), 44 with Berger's disease (BD), 83 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD), and 140 healthy controls. The extended HLA haplotype B18 CF130 DR3 DQw2, which is common (around 10% phenotype frequency) in healthy Spaniards and in other populations of paleo-North African origin, was found to be significantly less frequent in NIDD, JRA and BD, whereas its frequency was normal in IDD (although DR3 DQw2 haplotypes were increased in the latter disease). These data support the existence of a common HLA-linked pathogeneic mechanism in NIDD, JRA and BD, and point to a genetic difference between IDD and NIDD at the HLA level. This effect is readily detectable in our population because the uncommon BfF1 allele marks that haplotype instead of the more common BfS, which marks B8 CS01 DR3 DQw2 in other Caucasians. Our results support the hypothesis of strong selective pressures operating at the HLA level to preserve extended HLA haplotypes with advantageous gene sets from dilution by crossing-over. Imbalanced incomplete haplotypes may give rise to inappropriate T-cell repertoire selection in the thymus and/or antigen handling in the periphery, and be partly responsible for the pathogenesis of certain HLA-linked diseases (i.e. NIDD, JRA, and BD).     

单关节类风湿性关节炎滑膜组织中uPA、uPAR、PAI-1蛋白表达及意义

为探讨尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(urokinase-type plasminogen activator,uPA)及其受体(urokinase-type plas-minogen activator receptor,uPAR)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(plasminogen activator inhibitor,PAI-1)在单关节发病类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)的表达。采用免疫组化方法检测13例单关节发病RA、19例典型RA和20例正常滑膜组织中uPAu、PAR、PAI-1蛋白表达情况。结果显示:13例单关节RA滑膜组织中uPA、u PAR、PAI-1阳性表达主要分布在滑膜衬里细胞、滑膜下层单核细胞及血管内皮细胞,阳性表达部位与典型RA相同,但表达强度明显低于典型RA(P<0.05)。与正常滑膜组织相比,单关节RA滑膜中uPA、uPAR、PAI-1蛋白表达明显增高(P<0.05)。由此可知:单关节RA滑膜组织中uPA、uPAR、PAI-1表达明显低于典型RA滑膜组织,可能与单关节RA为典型RA病程早期阶段,滑膜中uPA、uPAR、PAI-1蛋白尚处于低水平表达阶段有关。     

Identifying changed protein-protein interactions in biological processes by gene coexpression analysis

The interaction strength between 2 proteins is not constant but variable under different conditions. For a given biological process, identification of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) undergoing dynamic change in interaction strength is highly valuable but never achieved before. In this work, we presented a computational approach to identify changed PPIs (cPPIs) on a global scale by analyzing the coexpression level of genes encoding the interacting protein pairs. This approach stemmed from the biological...