米氏凯伦藻对鱼类FHM细胞的毒性作用及其致死机制

探讨米氏凯伦藻培养液(Karenia mikimotoi culture solution,KMCS)及细胞提取物(Cell extracts,KMCE)对胖头鲤(Fathead minnow,FHM)细胞的毒性作用及致死机制。用光学显微镜观察细胞形态变化来分析KMCS和KMCE对FHM细胞的毒性作用,并用CCK法(Cell counting kit)分析KMCS和KMCE对FHM细胞活力的影响;用DNA特异性染料Hoechst 33342检测FHM细胞的细胞核变化,分析KMCS及KMCE是否导致FHM细胞发生程序性死亡及凋亡小体的形成;检测caspase-3的活性,分析KMCS和KMCE是否导致相关凋亡程序的发生。结果发现,用稀释两倍的KMCS和KMCE分别处理FHM细胞4h后,观察到FHM细胞形态均出现明显改变;将未稀释和稀释两倍的KMCS以及稀释两倍的KMCE,分别与FHM细胞孵育,4h后用CCK法检测细胞活性,发现FHM细胞的细胞存活率分别下降了63.6%,22.2%和26.7%。Hoechst 33342染色结果表明,KMCS和KMCE都可以导致FHM细胞中出现凋亡小体,对凋亡相关蛋白因子caspase-3活性的检测,结果显示实验组细胞caspase-3活性水平显著升高,分别为对照组的2.32倍和1.49倍。KMCS和KMCE对鲤鱼FHM细胞生长具有明显的细胞毒性,会导致细胞发生细胞凋亡。     

Sojucktang induces apoptosis via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3 activation in KLE human endometrial cancer cells

Sojucktang （SJT） has long been used for the treatment of endometrial diseases in Korea. However, the mechanisms responsible for the SJT-induced apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells remain unclear. In the present study, SJT was demonstrated to show cytotoxic effect and induce apoptotic cell death via mitochondrial regulation in KLE endometrial cancer cells. Linderae Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Zedoariae Rhizoma, Trogopterorum Faeces and Agelicae Gigantis Radix were found to be the potent constituent herbs of SJT to significantly decrease the viability of KLE cells by a tetra zolium salt （XTT） assay. Apoptotic bodies were observed in SJT-treated KLE cells by 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI） and TdT-mediated-dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） assay. SJT also increased sub-G1 DNA contents of the cell cycle undergoing apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, it was observed that SJT activated caspase-3 and cleaved poly （ADP-ribose） polymerase （PARP）, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, this study shows that SJT exerts anti-tumor activity against KLE endometrial cancer cells via mitochondrial dependent apoptosis induction.     

重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2和-6对人骨肉瘤细胞株MG63和U2OS的作用

为研究重组人骨形态发生蛋白rhBMP-2和rhBMP-6对人骨肉瘤细胞株MG63和U20S的作用,分别用含rhBMP-2和rhBMP-6及重组绿色荧光蛋白的条件培养液干预人骨肉瘤细胞MG63和U2OS,利用台盼蓝拒染法、TUNEL法、吖啶橙/溴乙啶(AO/EB)荧光双染法、Transwell小窒和碱性磷酸酶活性测定法分别检测细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移以及成骨分化能力的变化.结果显示与未实施任何千预的空白对照组和用rGFP干预实验对照组相比.rhBMP-2和rhBMP-6的干预致两种骨肉瘤细胞株:细胞存活率均随时间逐渐降低;凋亡率呈时间依赖性增加;穿膜数明显减低;碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性逐渐增加.以上差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).表明rhBMP-2和rhBMP-6可抑制人骨肉瘤细胞株MG63和U2OS的增殖和迁移、诱导其凋亡和向成骨细胞分化.     

Effect of Salvianolic Acid B on Mitochondrial Function of CerebralIschemia in Mice

The effects of salvianolic acid B (SalB) on the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), calcium, and apoptosis of neurons with cerebral ischemia in mice were investigated using an acute cerebral ischemia model established by ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries in mice. The MMP, the intracellular calcium concentration, and the apoptosis rate of cortical neurons were measured at 6 min, 12 min, 18 min, 24 min, and 30 min after cerebral ischemia by a flow cytometer. The experiments show that SalB increases the MMP and reduces the intracellular calcium and the apoptosis rate at different stages of the cerebral ischemia in mice. The results show that the protective mechanism of SalB on cerebral ischemia enhances the MMP and maintains intracellular calcium homeostasis.     

Recombinant soluble TRAIL induces apoptosis of cancer cells

TRAIL is a tumor necrosis factor family member that selectively induces apoptosis of cancer cells but not of normal cells. To develop TRAIL into a potential cancer drug, three different sizes of soluble TRAIL fragments, including sTRAIL(74—281), sTRAIL(95—281) and sTRAIL(101—281), were expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. Apoptosis assays indicated that sTRAIL(95—281) and sTRAIL(101—281), but not sTRAIL(74—281), can potently induce apoptosis of various cancer cell lines in 6 h, suggesting that the N-terminal fragment of aa101 has inhibitory effect on TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we found that some cancer cells were resistant to TRAIL and the resistant cells could be converted into sensitive cells by treatment with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, suggesting that one or more short-lived proteins are responsible for cells’ resistance to TRAIL.     

砷剂化合物作用机制的研究概况（综述）

砷剂对急性早幼粒细胞白血病有良好的疗效,研究发现砷剂的作用机制可能包括：（1）诱导细胞凋亡和部分分化;（2）调控细胞凋亡基因的表达;（3）使线粒体内膜跨膜电位(transmembrane potential,△ψm )下降;（4）阻抑细胞增殖。     

Conformational Changes in HL60 Cells during Differentiation and Apoptosis Induced by Genistein

IntroductionGenistein is a naturally occurring phytoestrogenpresent in a variety of plant foods,includingsoybean[1] .It is known to inhibit both tyrosineprotein kinases and DNA topoisomerase II.Akiyama et al.[2 ] described the ability of genisteinto specifically inhibit protein tyrosine kinase( PTKs) ,presumably at the level of the ATPbinding site.PTKs seem to play a key role intumorigenesis and are known to be associated withgrowth control receptors such as epidermal growthfactors[3] ,p…     

国产胸腺肽诱导肝癌细胞凋亡及其机制

以ＭＴＴ法检测胸腺肽对ＨｅｐＧ２的细胞毒作用,以细胞原位凋亡染色法（Ｔｕｎｅｌ法）检测胸腺肽诱导ＨｅｐＧ２细胞凋亡,并以ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ法及免疫组化法检测药物处理后ｂｃｌ－２、Ｆａｓ抗原的表达变化。结果显示在０～１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ浓度范围内,胸腺肽对ＨｅｐＧ２无明显的细胞毒作用,当药物浓度超近１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ以上,细胞毒作用呈上升趋势,其ＩＣ５０为３３０ｕｇ／ｍＬ,而低于１５０ｕｇ／ｍＬ的胸     

Induction of Apoptosis in Protoplasts and Suspension Cultures of Plant Cells

IntroductionApoptosisisacellularautodestructionprocessfortheactiveeliminationofunwantedcells[1].Apoptosishasbeenobservedinmanyanimaltissuesandwasfoundtoplayavitalroleinnormaldevelopment,maintenanceofhomeostasisandpathologicalprocessesassociatedwithvariousdiseases[2,3].Thereismoreandmoreevidenceshowingthatapoptosisalsooccursinhigherplants[4].However,comparedwiththeresearchinanimals,thestudyofapoptosisinplantsisstillinitsinitialstage.Ourstudyinvestigatestheapoptosis-inducingeffectsofsomeabiotic…     

肝癌细胞对三氧化二砷诱导凋亡的敏感性与细胞内谷胱甘肽含量的关系

目的:比较肝癌BEL-7402和SMMC-7721细胞对三氧化二砷(As2O3)诱导凋亡的敏感性差异,探讨细胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量与其作用的关系。方法:不同浓度As2O3作用BEL-7402和SMMC-7721细胞24~96 h,流式细胞仪检测细胞DNA含量,计算细胞凋亡百分率;GSH检测试剂盒检测细胞内GSH含量。结果:0.25μmol/L As2O3作用24 h,有效地诱导BEL-7402细胞凋亡;对SMMC-7721细胞来说,需要用1.0μmol/L As2O3作用24 h才能达到相同的抑制效果。1.0μmol/LAs2O3作用72 h时,BEL-7402细胞的凋亡率为(43.8±0.2)%,SMMC-7721细胞的凋亡率为(12.8±0.2)%,检测BEL-7402细胞内GSH为(18.7±1.4)nmol/mg;SMMC-7721细胞内GSH为(50.8±5.2)nmol/mg,两者比较均有显著差异。结论:肝癌BEL-7402和SMMC-7721细胞对As2O3诱导细胞凋亡的敏感性不同,可能与细胞内GSH含量有关。