三维电阻抗成像的测量模式

电阻抗成像技术（EIT）是一种非侵入的成像技术,通过测量介质的边界参数,从而获得介质的分布状态．为研究EIT的测量模式对其数据测量和图像重建的影响,借助仿真软件COMSOL建立了具有双层电极结构的EIT系统．设计和采用了4种典型的激励模式和2种测量模式,并通过评价指标进行比较．结果显示,在理想条件下,几种模式的组合表现均可．考虑到既易于测量且成像质量高,推荐双层24电极EIT系统使用同层准对向驱动模式．     

卤素离子对甲基咪唑在铜电极表面增强拉曼光谱的增敏作用

摘要：考察了卤素离子种类（C1^-、Br^-、I^-）及浓度对于甲基咪唑（MMI）在铜电极表面的表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）的影响．当MMI组装浓度为1×10^-5mol·L^-1时,加入0．1mol·L^-1KCl溶液能得到清晰的MMI的SERS光谱．而当组装浓度为1×10-mol·L^-1时,加入饱和KCl溶液也可以得到MMI的SERS光谱．结果表明：对于此类体系其他卤素离子（Br^-、I^-）对于MMI的SERS信号同样有增强作用．     

基于1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑十二烷基硫酸盐为活性物质的PVC膜电极的性能及其应用

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（BmimPF6）为活性物质制得离子选择性电极,该电极对离子液体BmimCl有较好的电位响应,线性响应浓度范围为1×10^-5mol/L～1×10^-2mol/L.用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）与BmimPF6进行阴离子交换制得的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑十二烷基硫酸盐（BmimDS）作为活性物质,能降低电极的检测下限,线性响应浓度范围拓展为1×10^-6～1×10^-2mol/L.该电极显示出良好的稳定性和重现性.此外,该电极可作为电位滴定法的指示电极用于对四丁基氯化铵（TBACl）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）的滴定分析.     

Determination of trace heavy metals in milk using an ionic liquid and bismuth oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

A novel carbon composite electrode modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles and the ionic liquid n-octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate was fabricated and used to simultaneously determine cadmium and lead levels using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry.This electrode combines the unique advantages of nanomaterials and ionic liquid with the low cost and easy fabrication of the carbon composite electrode.Compared with the traditional binder based composite electrode,our electrode exhibited well-defined and separate stripping voltammetric peaks for cadmium and lead.Furthermore,the antifouling capacity of the bismuth film electrode was significantly improved by the ionic liquid.Under optimized conditions,the linear range of the composite electrode was from 3.0 to 30.0 μg L-1 for both metal ions with a detection limit of 0.15 μg L-1 for cadmium and 0.21 μg L-1 for lead.Trial milk sample analyses showed that the modified electrode was sensitive,reliable and effective for the determination of trace heavy metals,holding great promise for routine analysis applications.     

火试金技术的发展与应用

回顾了过去的60年,我国在火试金技术的发展与应用方面取得的成就,其中以铅试金法的发展与应用为主要内容及20世纪50年代以来为解决铂族元素的富集问题相继创立的有：铜铁镍试金法、锡试镍试金法、锡试金法、铜试金法、锑试金法和铋试金法等新的试金法进行综述。这些新试金法的建立大大丰富了火试金技术的内容,同时对贵金属的分析与贵金属地质标准物质的研制起到了极大的推动作用。本文拟就铅试金法、镍锍试金和锑试金法、铋试金法在地质样品中测定贵金属和在贵金属地质标准物质的研制工作中的应用与地位进行综述,并对锡试金法、铜铁镍试金法和铜试金法简要介绍。     

氨气敏电极法测量水中氨氮影响因素浅析

氨气敏电极法是我国环保部水质氨氮自动监测的推荐方法之一,在水质快速测定和自动监测中被广泛采用。从响应时间、温度、干扰物质、pH值等方面,详细分析影响氨氮测定的因素,并提出解决方法。     

Present status and future prospect of design of Pt–cerium oxide electrodes for fuel cell applications

In the research field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the design of electrocatalytic activities on Pt-oxide promoter in the anode side has attracted attention for improvement of CO tolerance of Pt in anode side and a lowering of large over-potential loss of the oxygen reduction reaction on the cathode in the fuel cells. In the Pt-oxide promoter series, Pt–CeOx/C is one of the unique systems. It is because the unique behavior of CeOx such as electrochemical redox reaction between Ce3t and Ce4t in the anodic and cathodic reactions of fuel cell is observed. The present short review gives an overview of the recent works for improvement of the CO tolerance of Pt in the Pt–CeOx/C anodes and enhancement of the oxygen reduction reaction activity on Pt in the Pt–CeOx/C cathodes for fuel cell application. To show the design paradigm for fabrication of high quality Pt–CeOx/C electrodes, the authors re-introduced parts of our research results to highlight the important role of interface structure of Pt–CeOx based on the ultimate analysis results. The usefulness of the combined approach of microanalysis and the processing route design is presented.     

论碳素原料对电石生产的影响

阐述了碳素原料的粒度、水分、灰分、挥发分对电石生产的影响,并对某电石厂使用的府谷蓝炭进行了分析。     

ITO电极上催化伏安法测定锇联吡啶的研究

合成了电子转移介体锇联吡啶Os(bpy)3,采用催化伏安法研究了Os(bpy)3在ITO电极上的电化学行为,并对Os(bpy)3在葡萄糖-葡萄糖氧化酶体系中的催化反应动力学常数进行了测定。Os(bpy)3的均相反应速率常数KS为2.07×10-2cm/s,催化反应中一级反应速率常Kf为1.05×10-3s-1,二级反应速率常数Kmed为1.57×104L/(mol.s)。并采用催化伏安法测定Os(bpy)3的检出限为为0.016μmol/L。因此,Os(bpy)3作为电化学标记物,能够用于生物传感器的构建。     

对硫磷在聚番红花红修饰玻碳电极的电化学行为研究

构建了一种以电聚合番红花红膜修饰的对硫磷电化学传感器,利用循环伏安和线性扫描伏安技术对对硫磷在聚番红花红膜修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为进行了研究,实验发现聚番红花红膜修饰玻碳电极对对硫磷的还原有更好的电催化性能。对硫磷浓度在3.43×10-8～3.43×10-5 mol/L范围内与其峰电流呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-8 mol/L.该传感器具有制备简单、灵敏度高、响应速度快、稳定性和重现性好等特点。