再生柞蚕丝素蛋白膜的制备及其结构研究

用硫氰酸锂溶液溶解柞蚕丝素纤维，制备再生柞蚕丝素膜。用物理化学方法研究再生柞蚕丝素蛋白膜的结构特征以及暴露在空气中所发生的结构变化。指出再生柞蚕丝素膜内丝素蛋白的分子构象为α-螺旋和无规线团结构共存。空气环境存放30d后，分子构象只会发生无规线团向α-螺旋结构的少量转化，而不会向β-折叠结构转化。     

蒙新区漠甲亚科7种幼虫的记述(鞘翅目:拟步甲科)

首次记述了采自内蒙古、宁夏、陕西等地漠甲亚科3属7种幼虫小脊漠甲、宽腹东鳖甲、条纹东鳖甲、谢氏东鳖甲、磨光东鳖甲、弯胫东鳖甲、暗色圆鳖甲的形态特征，给出了其属种检索表和形态特征图．研究标本保存于宁夏大学生命科学学院昆虫标本室．     

温度对瓦氏黄颡鱼仔鱼发育的影响

瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli)经人工授精获得受精卵并在24 5 ℃条件下孵化获得仔鱼, 观测了20 ℃,23 ℃,26 ℃和29 ℃仔鱼发育过程中的各项参数, 结果表明: 卵黄囊期历时分别为8 21,7 41,6 61,5 61 d; 饥饿半致死时间分别为13 01,11 01,10 01,9 01 d; 卵黄囊期仔鱼体质量的净增加量分别为2 74,3 00,4 66,3 02 mg;体长净增加量分别为3 92, 4 10, 5 20, 3 32 mm; 特殊体质量每天增长率分别为10 01%, 11 06%, 21 20%,14 05%; 特殊体长每天增长率分别为6 29%,7 22%,10 75%,7 32%. 体质量和卵黄囊体积呈显著的直线负相关关系(p<0 05).     

The prey consumption and prey preference of the larvae of the mosquitoCulex (Lutzia) raptor on the larvae ofCulex quinquefasciatus

The maximum consumption of the larvae of the pest and vector mosquitoCulex quinquefasciatus by the predatory mosquitoCulex (Lutzia) raptor was studied at various instars of both the predator and the prey. The prey preferences of the predator when given lavae of different instars were also investigated. The IVth instar of the predator consumed the maximum number of Ist instar and the maximum biomass of IVth instar larvae of the prey. Instars I and II of the predator preferred the Ist of the prey; instars III and IV of the predator preferred instars II and III of the prey respectively.The predator consumed an average of 157.1 larvae during its whole larval period, when each instar of the predator was given its preferred instar of the prey.     

光周期条件对罗氏沼虾幼体存活率及体长生长率的影响

用４Ｌ：２０Ｄ、８Ｌ；１６Ｄ；１２Ｌ；１２Ｄ和２４Ｌ：０Ｄ四种光周期条件培养罗氏沼虾骚状幼体，观察其存活率和生长、发育情况。研究结果表明，随着光照时间的延长，特别是在连续照明的条件下，与最短的光照条件相比，幼体的存活率及体长生长率分别提高１５７．７％和２．２％ｄ，而育成Ｐ１的时间却相应缩短了１０ｄ。     

唐鱼仔鱼对饥饿的应对策略研究

研究了延迟投喂对唐鱼(Tanichthys albonubes)仔鱼存活和生长的影响,探讨唐鱼仔鱼对饥饿的应对策略.结果显示,在水温26.0±1.0℃条件下,唐鱼仔鱼在孵出后的2.5~3 d开口摄食,5 d卵黄消耗完毕.18~25 d,延迟投喂0~3 d仔鱼的存活率在80.4%~93.3%间变动,各组间的差异不显著(p>0.05);延迟投喂4 d,仔鱼的存活率下降至50%;延迟投喂5 d,仔鱼的存活率极显著下降,只有30.0%左右.延迟投喂6 d以上,仔鱼的存活率为0,表明在本实验条件下唐鱼仔鱼的不可逆点(PNR)为孵出后的9 d.延迟投喂2 d开始,仔鱼的生长便受到不同程度的影响,延迟投喂3 d是仔鱼的生长低谷,延迟4~5 d,仔鱼反而得到不同程度的恢复.25 d内,延迟投喂5 d仔鱼恢复到与正常投喂组接近的生长水平.由此提出关于仔鱼应对饥饿对策的“存活与生长交易临界点”和“生存机遇期”两个观点,并对它们的生态学意义作了初步地探讨.     

A new species of the genus Aspidisca (Ciliophora,Hypotrichida)

The morphology and taxonomy of a new freshwater species of ciliate, Aspidisca jugensis, are described. Special reference is given to the infraciliature of the organism, the variability of 16 morphological characteristics and quantitative data regarding 29 other structural characteristics of this ciliate.     

The early larval instars of Lucilia sericata and Lucilia cuprina (Diptera,Calliphoridae): myiasis blowflies of Africa and Australia

Lucilia cuprina and Lucilia sericata are probably the two most important sheep myiasis flies in the southern hemisphere. This paper describes and illustrates structural features that enable reliable specific identification of the first and second instars of these species of be made.     

Attachment site selection of Hydrachna and Eylais (Acari: Hydrachnellae) watermite larvae infecting Corixidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

The sites of attachment of four larval watermite species were recorded from four corixid species in Lough Corrib, Ireland. Parasitic watermites exhibited preferences in respect of attachment sites on the corixid hosts and these patterns were consistent for all host species examined. Hydrachna cruenta utilized areas of the host which were in direct contact with the water, the distribution of larvae reflecting the general behaviour and microdistribution of the hosts. Hydrachna conjecta infected the ventral hemielytra with a significant asymmetrical distribution on the right hemielytron, resulting from the folding pattern of the hemielytra and the larval route of entry to the subhemielytral air space. Eylais species attached to the abdominal terga of the host, E. infundibulifera infecting the anterior two terga and E. discreta terga three and four. Cymatia bonsdorffi was not parasitized by E. infundibulifera and on this host the majority of E. discreta attached to the second abdominal tergite. Eylais species infecting small corixid hosts may avoid interference competition with H. conjecta by attaching to the left side of the abdomen. Attachment site selection may contribute towards alleviation of intraspecific and interspecific interference competition for larval growing space.     

New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea,Tunicata) from Australia (part I)

Continuing examination of colonial ascidians in museum collections is revealing further diversity in the family Didemnidae, which abounds in the tropical Indo-West Pacific and around the Australian continent (Kott, 2001). From the present work, it is apparent that much remains to be learnt about this fauna. Of the 45 species discussed in this paper, 16 are new. Larvae are described for the first time for Polysyncraton pedunculatum Kott, 2001 and P. rica Kott, 2001. Amongst the synonymy established in this paper Didemnoides tropicum Sluiter, 1909 is found to be a junior synonym of Lissoclinum patella (Gottschaldt, 1898) and Trididemnum vermiforme Kott, 2001 a junior synonym of T. nobile Kott, 2001. Didemnum nekozita Tokioka, 1967 is found to be a valid species distinct from Polysyncraton cuculliferum (Sluiter, 1909). Prolific replication rates, rapid colony growth, flexibility in growth form and a viviparous habit result in convergence tending to small zooid size, and similar large, increasingly complex colonies found in this family contribute to species diversity around the whole of the Australian continent.