潘集矿区松散沉积物颗粒的分形特征

根据分形理论,对潘集矿区底含沉积物的68个样品进行了颗粒分形计算。结果表明,所有样品皆具有良好的分形特征,分维值(D)在2.52~2.80之间,平均值为2.69;分维值与表征沉积物水理性质的指标黏土质量分数、不均匀系数以及渗透系数有较密切的关系,可以作为沉积物粒度分析的参数之一。     

沥青混合料级配集料的分形特性

基于分形理论,对沥青混合料级配集料的分形特性进行了研究,探讨了集料颗粒、集料粒径分布、集料质量级配以及集料体积的分维等.研究结果表明:分维值可以用来定量地描述沥青混合料中集料的复杂外观结构,在双对数坐标下集料颗粒周长与面积呈现线性关系,相同集料(同料源)不同级配的集料颗粒具有近似相同的分维,相同集料不同截面具有相同的分维,不同集料(不同料源)表现出不同的分维;分维值也可以用来定量地描述沥青混合料中集料粒径分布、集料质量分布、集料体积分布以及集料的空隙率等,集料质量级配分维值越大,其级配就越粗.     

基于分形和数学形态学的TIG焊熔池图像分析

焊接图像中不可避免地存在烟尘和弧光等干扰造成的噪声,而传统的图像处理方法对噪声非常敏感,因此很难准确地对焊接图像进行处理.文中提出了一种基于分形和数学形态学理论的综合图像处理方法.该方法利用分形理论中的离散分数布朗随机场理论得到按分形维分布的熔池灰度图像,然后利用二值形态学中的连通域检测去除噪声并得到目标图像,进而利用形态学中的开运算和闭运算得到图像的强连通边界.试验结果表明,该方法能够快速、准确地检测熔池的边缘、高度、宽度以及面积等信息.     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

Preparation, structure, and properties of polyurethane foams modified by nanoscale titanium dioxide with three different dimensions

TiO2-based nanosheets (TiNSs), TiO2-based nanotubes (TiNTs) were prepared by hydrothermal processing, and polyurethane foams with TiO2 nanopowders (P25), TiNSs and TiNTs were synthesized by free-rising foaming method. The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra show that the addition of titanium dioxide does not affect the chemical structure of polyurethane foam. However, microscope observations show that PU/TiNSs composite foams have more uniform cells and the average aperture smaller than that of pure poly-urethane foams. According to the results of thermal analysis, the PU/TiNSs composite foams have better thermal stability, the temperature of decompostion occurring with a maximum weight loss rate is about 30 ℃ higher than that of pure PU foams. The decompostion temperatures are 167 ℃ and 148 ℃ for the PU/P25 composite foams and the PU/TiNTs composite foams respectively, which are lower than that of pure PU foams. Moreover, with the addition of the fillers, the sound absorption property also has changed; the addition of TiNSs improved the sound absorbing property efficiently. The better thermal stability and sound absorption of PU/TiNSs composite foams are mainly due to the uniform cells diffuse and smaller aperture.     

立体预测中的地质几何方法的原理和应用

本文研究了当前正在发展的立体定量预测中的地质几何方法的基本原理和数学模型及其应用。作者采用多项式函数和趋势-剩余分析对控矿地质界面(如地层界面、不整合面、断裂面及侵入接触界面等)进行形态模拟,并根据模拟所得地质几何参数对矿体进行空间定位和深边部立体预测,然后采用三维趋势分析或克里金法对预测地段的矿床值进行定量估计。四个矿床的预测应用证明该方法实际效果较好。     

余子空间的性质

在n维向量空间V中,任一非平凡子空间W的余子空间是不唯一的,本文给出了W的余子空间的一般表示法,并讨论了W的任意两个余子空间的和与交的维数取值范围。     

复多项式的Julia集的Hausdorff维数

利用分形几何学的有关理论和方法，给出了复数Ｃ取不同值时的多项式ｆ（ｚ）＝ｚｎ＋Ｃ，（ｎ≥２）的Ｊｕｌｉａ集的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆｆ维数估计．     

节理岩体损伤及分形耦合分析

计算了锦屏水电站解放沟坝段平硐测点节理岩体的损伤张量、充填维数及多重分维值；建立了充填维数与连通率、多重分维值与最大主损伤值的关系式，初步明确了分维的物理意义，并对其可能的应用作了分析。