传统学术研究方法的近代转型--兼及严复对传统学术研究方法近代转型的贡献

19～20世纪之交,中国传统学术研究方法面临着极大挑战;当时的思想家表现出了较积极的态度：吸纳西学方法并推动了中国学术研究方法的近代转型;传统学术研究方法的近代转型主要表现在：研究内容由“虚”到“实”的转变、研究程序由臆测到实证的转变、研究品格由依附到独立的转变等。严复在这一重大学术事件中扮演了重要角色。     

汉字史断代方法述评

汉字发展史是汉字研究的基础性课题之一,汉字史的断代研究异说纷呈,断代标准各有不同.主要有字体变化、四阶段论、中国历史进程、综合法、汉字性质变化、汉语史分期、汉字构形变化等.随着研究的深入,有些问题,学者们的看法渐趋一致.     

论洛阳古代墓葬在我国古代墓葬中的地位

洛阳古代墓葬资源丰富而独特,在全国墓葬中皇家墓葬堪称最多,是中国古代墓葬的“首善之区”;洛阳地理位置得天独厚,是适合墓葬的“风水宝地”;洛阳出土墓志,尤其是唐代墓志,学术价值高,可以补史、证史;洛阳出土文物精品多,丰富了我国的艺术宝库;洛阳地灵人杰,有众多的名人墓葬。洛阳墓葬资源的综合实力在全国属于上乘,有独特的、持久的文化吸引力和巨大的开发利用价值。     

Fuzzy cluster analysis of the provenance of ancient Yaozhou porcelain body

The technique of neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been employed to measure the content of 29 kinds of elements in the sample of Yaozhou porcelain bodies,Then a fuzzy cluster analsis has been conducted to the NAA data and a diagram of the dynamic fuzzy cluster analysis has been achived,The results indicate that the batch of ancient Yaozhou porcelain bodies,which were of different overglaze color and were produced by different kilns during a period of over 800 years from the Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) to the Yuan Dyansty(1271-1368 A.D.) ,has shared a stable and concentrated raw material source,Provenances of porcelain bodies from different times ,though having their specific independence ,enjoy a close relationship and are not far from one another,Provenances of porcelain bodies made during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties (907-960 A.D.)are found to be closer to one another,while those of the Song (960-1279A.D.) and the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 A.D.)are comparatively concentrated in certain areas and are different from those of the Tang Dynasty .Both the tri-colored glazed pottery made in Yaozhou kilns during the Tang Dynasty and the Yaozhou porcelain bodies of the Tang period are from the same provenance.     

Application of ICP-MS trace element analysis in study of ancient Chinese ceramics

Chemical analysis plays a significant role in the study of ancient ceramics[1,2]. Most ancient Chinese kilns used clays mined from the local areas and differences in the geochemistry and mineralogy of these raw materials may be expected. The chemical composition of ceramics may also be influenced by production techniques, such as processing by washing and mixing of different sorts of raw materials. These may also vary from kiln to kiln and even change over time. Thus the raw materials and pro…     

Pitfalls in the analysis of ancient human mtDNA

The retrieval of DNA from ancient human specimens is not always successful owing to DNA deterioration and contamination although it is vital to provide new insights into the genetic structure of ancient people and to reconstruct the past history. Normally, only short DNA fragments can be retrieved from the ancient specimens. How to identify the authenticity of DNA obtained and to uncover the information it contained are difficult. We employed the ancient mtDNAs reported from Central Asia (including Xinjiang, China) as an example to discern potentially extraneous DNA contamination based on the updated mtDNA phylogeny derived from mtDNA control region, coding region, as well as complete sequence information. Our results demonstrated that many mtDNAs reported are more or less problematic.Startim, from a reliable mtDNA phylogeney and combining the available modern data into analysis, one can ascertain the authenticity of the ancient DNA, distinguish the potential errors in a data set, and efficiently decipher the meager information it harbored. The reappraisal of the mtDNAs with the age of more than 2000 years from Central Asia gave support to the suggestion of extensively (pre)historical gene admixture in this region.     

浅谈平遥古城文化景观的特色与保护

文章以世界文化遗产——平遥古城为例,探讨了其文化景观的特色和保护现状当中存在的问题以及应该采取的有效措施。     

对三峡江南入蜀古道的有关认识

长江三峡南岸入蜀古道，是除三峡水道外又一入蜀的重要陆路通道。此道东起湖北宜昌市江南点军区姜诗溪口，西至利川市谋道苏拉口，全长500公里，东连着丰饶的荆楚大地，西可通往“天府之国”的川西平原，20世纪70年代修建的318国道路线大致上走的就是三峡南岸的西行人蜀古道。古道始筑于商周时期，沿用于秦汉以后一直到现在。历史上每到朝代更替之际，它都被用作军事通道，而太平盛世之时，它又成为社会经济发展中的交通生命线。在古道上遗留下来的一些遗址、墓葬、窖藏、桥梁、石碑、石板路等各类古文化遗迹向我们叙述着昔日商旅、驿差、军队、部族人群等在古道上往来奔波的繁忙图景。     

复活古滑坡治理及微型抗滑桩承载机理

通过对古滑坡复活原因的分析和数值模拟,采取以微型抗滑桩为主并结合压力注浆、卸载、反压等工程措施的设计方案,使复合古滑体重新处于稳定状态,确保了道路主线路基及路堑边坡工程的正常施工和长期稳定;结合工程实际对微型抗滑桩进行了力学分析和数值模拟计算,证明其最大轴向力出现在桩体中间位置,而最大剪应力则位于抗滑桩高度的1/3～2/5处.     

古希腊和古罗马剧场的声学研究

论述了古希腊与古罗马的剧场音质．该研究是由欧共体资助的ERATO项目“古代剧场和表演场所声学遗产的鉴定、评价与振兴”的一部分．该项目对古希腊与古罗马剧场进行了较详尽的调研．文中通过对若干保存得最好的古罗马剧场，如土耳其阿斯彭多斯剧场以及约旦杰拉斯南方剧场测量的脉冲响应进行深入的分析，探讨了其典型构造．同时对西塔库萨剧场建立了1：20的模型，进行了专门的声学测量．