基于案例推理的钻井复杂情况专家系统

传统的钻井专家系统采用基于规则的推理,对于难以规则化的典型案例不能够充分利用。为此设计开发了基于案例推理的钻井复杂情况专家系统(DTES),目的在于利用专家会诊得到的许多具体案例经验,对钻井过程中经常发生的各种各样的复杂问题进行及时、准确的识别和处理,从而提高钻井工作效率。示例结果表明该专家系统简便实用,能很好地提供现场支持。     

基于范例推理的现代汉语语素字采集

提出语素词的采集方法，在统计的基础上采用语法跟语义分析相结合的方法，分类来提取语素字，并且对语素字内部的兼类情况进行了分析，采用基于范例的推理方法提取兼类语素字。     

BJ492Q汽油机的计算机模拟与分析

本文据计算机对BJ492Q汽油机循环模拟结果进行分析讨论。认为该汽油机的有关参数不是较佳值,为提高其燃油经济性和其它性能应改善燃烧,即减小m值,推迟点火提前角θ,缩短燃烧持续时间△φ(?)。     

通过热力学与电学的类比加深对于熵的理解

恰当地开展分支学科之间的类比是理解物理学的一条有效途径。在借鉴电荷概念引入热荷概念之后,继而直接将熵定义为热荷量,使之成为一个通俗易懂的物理量。以此为基础,在电流与熵流的连续性、驱动力,以及它们与能流之间的关系和电流与熵流在流动过程中的熵产生等方面对热力学与电学进行了较为全面的类比。这样不仅能凸显出热力学与电学的一些基本物理过程之间的相似性或共性,以及客观世界的内在和谐性,而且能更加鲜明地反衬出它们之间的差异即各自的个性,从而加深对于熵的理解。     

The material theory of induction and the epistemology of thought experiments

John D. Norton is responsible for a number of influential views in contemporary philosophy of science. This paper will discuss two of them. The material theory of induction claims that inductive arguments are ultimately justified by their material features, not their formal features. Thus, while a deductive argument can be valid irrespective of the content of the propositions that make up the argument, an inductive argument about, say, apples, will be justified (or not) depending on facts about apples. The argument view of thought experiments claims that thought experiments are arguments, and that they function epistemically however arguments do. These two views have generated a great deal of discussion, although there hasn't been much written about their combination. I argue that despite some interesting harmonies, there is a serious tension between them. I consider several options for easing this tension, before suggesting a set of changes to the argument view that I take to be consistent with Norton's fundamental philosophical commitments, and which retain what seems intuitively correct about the argument view. These changes require that we move away from a unitary epistemology of thought experiments and towards a more pluralist position.     

Representing with imaginary models: Formats matter

Models such as the simple pendulum, isolated populations, and perfectly rational agents, play a central role in theorising. It is now widely acknowledged that a study of scientific representation should focus on the role of such imaginary entities in scientists’ reasoning. However, the question is most of the time cast as follows: How can fictional or abstract entities represent the phenomena? In this paper, I show that this question is not well posed. First, I clarify the notion of representation, and I emphasise the importance of what I call the “format” of a representation for the inferences agents can draw from it. Then, I show that the very same model can be presented under different formats, which do not enable scientists to perform the same inferences. Assuming that the main function of a representation is to allow one to draw predictions and explanations of the phenomena by reasoning with it, I conclude that imaginary models in abstracto are not used as representations: scientists always reason with formatted representations. Therefore, the problem of scientific representation does not lie in the relationship of imaginary entities with real systems. One should rather focus on the variety of the formats that are used in scientific practice.     

科学普适性信念批判的SLK进路研究及其意义

西方学术传统所坚持的科学普适性信念,多年来受到来自数学哲学、物理哲学等多条进路的批判。布鲁尔的SSK思想也是对这种信念的一种批判,作为其SSK组成部分的SLK思想,是这种批判的集中体现。他以逻辑学这门硬科学为例,从逻辑基础和逻辑规则社会性两个方面,提供了对于科学普适性信念更为深入的批判路径,从而导致了科学形象的极大变革。     

基于改进主观Bayes方法的不确定推理模型设计

通过分析主观Bayes方法与专家系统中不确定推理的研究现状,提出了一种加入可信度的主观Bayes方法模型.该方法消除了可信度CF和规则成立的充分性量度LS之间可能存在的不一致性,减少了后验概率对先验概率的依赖,并在森林病虫害专家系统中进行应用实现.     

家电通用模糊控制器研究

提出了实用家电通用模糊控制系统设计的指导原则和家电通用模糊控制器的一般结构,为实现各种家电产品的模糊控制莫定了基础.