非晶态Fe77Cr13Zr10合金的低温磁化强度

测量了非晶态Ｆｅ７７Ｃｒ１３Ｚｒ１０合金的磁化强度的温度关系，结果表明：这一关系受磁场大小的影响；低温下存在类自旋玻璃相．低温下自发磁化强度服从Ｂｌｏｃｈ的Ｔ３／２定律，并计算了自旋波劲度系数Ｄ．     

非晶硅太阳电池背接触界面和n型层参数敏感性研究

在参照国内外大量实验测量数据的基础上,建立了pin结构非晶硅太阳电池的计算模型．通过一系列模拟计算和分析,研究了电池3个外部特性和能量转换效率对背接触界面和n型层参数的敏感性．结果表明,背接触势垒高度和n型层掺杂浓度是对电池外部特性参数有显著影响的敏感参教;背面反射率只对短路电流和转换效率的改善有贡献且最大增幅均小于10％;背接触界面载流子表面复合速率和n型层的厚度、迁移率隙、载流子迁移率等参数对电池各外部特性的影响均很小．根据对计算结果的分析,提出了背接触界面和n型层参数的一组优化值,并指出背接触势垒高度和n型层掺杂浓度应作为理论和工艺研究重点．     

355 nm YAG皮秒脉冲激光晶化非晶硅薄膜的研究

 使用355 nm YAG皮秒脉冲激光对250 nm厚的非晶硅薄膜进行激光晶化的研究,并利用金相显微镜、拉曼光谱和X射线能谱（EDS: energy dispersive spectrometer）等对晶化样品进行了分析。结果表明：随着激光脉冲能量的增加,完全熔区和部分熔区的宽度均明显增大。在所研究的脉冲能量范围内（15 μJ—860 μJ）,所有样品的完全熔区的拉曼光谱均无非晶硅或晶体硅的特征峰,而位于完全熔区边缘的部分熔区的拉曼光谱却显示出晶体硅的特征峰,这可能是因为完全熔区接受到的激光能流密度过大,造成区内绝大部分非晶硅薄膜气化蒸发。这个推测进一步得到了X射线能谱分析结果的证实。X射线能谱分析结果表明,完全熔区的成份主要是玻璃与硅反应生成的硅化物,其表面被二氧化硅层所覆盖。     

Catalytic oxidation of phenol in wastewater-A new application of the amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy

The amorphous Fe78Si9B13 alloy was used as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst in the process of phenol degradation.The influences of main operating parameters such as reaction temperature,catalyst amount,hydrogen peroxide dosage and initial pH of solution on phenol degradation rate were investigated.The maximum mineralization of phenol was achieved at 60°C,6 g/L Fe78Si9B13, 0.31 mol/L hydrogen peroxide,with an initial pH of 2.5.More than 99%of phenol was completely removed under the optimum conditions within 10 min for a solution containing 1000 mg/L of phenol.Batch experiments for solutions containing phenol con- centrations ranging from 50 to 2000 mg/L were investigated under the above conditions and the same excellent degradation rate was obtained.The Fe78Si9B13 showed better catalytic activity than iron powder and Fe 2+ .Addition of n-butannol(hydroxyl radical scavenger)decreased the degradation rate of phenol,which demonstrates that hydroxyl radicals were mainly responsible for the removal of phenol.We demonstrated that phenol may be degraded by hydroxyl radicals decomposed by hydrogen peroxide on the surface of Fe78Si9B13 and illustrated the reaction mechanism for this process.This amorphous alloy exhibited high stability in recycling experiments and showed excellent reuse performance even after continuous operations of 8 cycles.     

Co助剂对Ni-B非晶态催化剂微观结构和加氢性能的影响

通过化学还原法制备了一系列Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂,研究了n(KBH4)/n(Ni)和Co含量对Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂微观结构及其催化二硝基甲苯(DNT)合成甲苯二胺(TDA)性能的影响。通过XRD和H2-TPD技术对催化剂微观结构表征表明,随着n(KBH4)/n(Ni)的增大,NiB2含量增多,催化剂的加氢性能先增大后减小;当n(KBH4)/n(Ni)=4时,Ni-B非晶态合金的催化加氢性能最优。Co助剂的引入增大了Ni-B非晶态合金的无序程度,降低了Ni活性中心对H2的吸附强度,使得H2物种更容易在催化剂表面流动并参加反应,进一步增大了Ni-B催化DNT加氢合成TDA的活性和选择性。当Co的摩尔分数为6%时,Ni-Co-B非晶态合金催化剂的性能最优,DNT转化率为96.8%,TDA的选择性达100%。     

纺丝速度对涤纶FCY的无定形结构影响的研究

在3000～5000m/min纺速下制备Fully Crystallinity Yam(FCY)纤维,利用X光衍射、密度梯度等测定了无定形区的含量;并结合声速计算得到无定形区的平均取向。在M-K理论的基础上,重新定义了结构化指数,并计算得到无定形区的微细结构分布。结果表明:在其它工艺条件不变,热板位置、温度、长度分别为544mm、200℃、1800mm时,涤纶FCY的最佳纺丝速度为3 500m/min。即在3 500 m/min纺速形成的无定形结构较均匀、致密。其无定形含量低,无定形取向高,动态力学转变温度高。从tanδ～T曲线可以计算无定形区的分布,在3 500m/min纺速n_(max)、《n》及aum from ≥4 F(n)等较高,峰面积较小,相应的无定形结构较强,无定形含量较低。所得结果与其它方法的结果一致。从tanδ～T曲线可以计算无定形区的分布,且本方法与其它方法相比,更灵敏,更有效,可获得更多的信息。     

Exploiting cooperative multipath –Doppler diversity in relay-assisted high-speed train communications

Severe doubly selective channel fading, or the time- and frequency-selective fading, prevailing in high- speed train （HST） communications, has been a critical issue that hinders the improvement of system efficiency and reli- ability. In this paper, a relay-assisted HST communication system is considered, and a low-complexity but effective scheme is proposed to cooperatively exploit the joint mul- tipath-Doppler diversity of both the direct link and the relay link and thus to mitigate the negative effect of channel fading and improve the system reliability. In particular, using a special precoding structure followed by two-dimensional Fourier transform, the transmit signal is generated which in effect parallelizes the doubly selective fading channel. As a result, in the transform domain, pointwise combining and equalization, which are of linear complexity, become feasi- ble and diversity gain is obtained. The maximal diversity order is then analyzed under the amplify-and-forward relay settings, which reveals that by cooperative relaying the joint multipath-Doppler diversity of both links can be well exploited. Simulation results verified our analysis.     

NiB电极的电沉积法制备及其对煤电解加氢液化的催化作用

采用电化学沉积的方法,改变镀液配方中TMAB(三甲胺硼烷)浓度CTMAB、p H值和电流密度,制备不同B含量的非晶态NiB催化电极,并将其应用到煤电解加氢液化中.利用XRD,ICP,电化学测试等方法对所制备的NiB催化电极进行表征,结果表明p H=3.5,I=1 A/dm~2,CTMAB=10.0 g/L时所制备的NiB催化电极为非晶态结构,且B的含量最高达30%,对煤电解加氢液化的电流密度较大,说明B的含量是影响煤电解加氢液化反应活性的重要因素之一.以非晶态的NiB催化电极作为工作电极,比IrO_2作为工作电极可得到更高的液化率和H/C原子比,使煤的双键结构得到更有效的还原,这说明将B含量较高的NiB催化电极应用到煤电解加氢液化中比IrO_2电极有更好的反应活性和选择性.     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

FeSiB-La非晶磁芯的恒导磁性能研究

用FeSiB-La非晶带材,绕制成环形磁芯,再将磁芯在不同温度下进行退火处理,并研究了退火温度对其软磁性能的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,FeSiB-La非晶磁芯的初始磁导率μi、饱和磁感应强度Bs、矫顽力Hc和电感Ls呈先增大后减小的趋势;当退火温度升高到400℃时,其综合软磁性能最佳;当退火温度达到450℃时,静态磁化曲线呈现出一定的线性关系,即呈现出恒导磁特性。