超硬铝合金作为阴极在锌电积过程中的电化学行为

选取商业纯铝和超硬铝作为锌电积阴极,在ZnSO4-H2 SO4体系中通过电化学测试研究两种阴极的电化学行为,同时利用扫描电镜观察铝合金上电积锌初期形核,X射线衍射分析锌片结晶取向.研究结果表明：500 A·m-2电流密度下纯铝阴极的析出电位和交换电流密度分别为-1.541 V和7.74×10-11 A·cm-2,超硬铝阴极分别为-1.496 V和6.07×10-3 A·cm-2.合金元素的添加会增加初期形核位置,提高形核速率,而形核速率的提高在一定程度上抑制卤族元素对阴极的腐蚀.沉积3h后,锌片结晶取向没有发生变化.超硬铝易发生烧板和鼓泡,电流效率低,只有84.54%;纯铝电流效率达到88.04%,且沉积锌平整、光滑,但阴极板容易被卤族元素腐蚀.     

铝电解用NiO-NiFe_2O_4基金属陶瓷的制备和性能研究

本文制备了数种NiO-NiFe_2O_4基金属陶瓷电极材料,找到了较优制备工艺参数和制粉工艺,着重测试了该金属陶瓷材料的导电率,分析了其导电机制,结果表明,采用化学镀铜比机械混合铜所得金属陶瓷的金属含量较少情况下导电率较佳,最后测定了该金属陶瓷用作铝电解惰性阳极的腐蚀速率。     

自蔓延高温合成Ti/Al_2O_3金属陶瓷复合材料的研究

本研究利用Al/TiO_2自蔓延高温反应直接一步合成了极细Ti/Al_2O_3金属陶瓷复合粉末和复合材料块。运用X光衍射和电镜扫描对制备的材料进行了物相组织结构分析。结果表明:用自蔓延高温合成法可以制备结构独特的极细Ti/Al_2O_3金属陶瓷复合粉末;制备的Ti/Al_2O_3金属陶瓷复合材料较致密、细小的Al_2O_3粒子分布均匀。最后用燃烧波前沿激冷淬火法结合差热分析对反应过程进行了分析探讨。     

Bulk Al–Al3Zr composite prepared by mechanical alloying and hot extrusion for high-temperature applications

Bulk Al/Al3Zr composite was prepared by a combination of mechanical alloying (MA) and hot extrusion processes. Elemental Al and Zr powders were milled for up to 10 h and heat treated at 600°C for 1 h to form stable Al3Zr. The prepared Al3Zr powder was then mixed with the pure Al powder to produce an Al–Al3Zr composite. The composite powder was finally consolidated by hot extrusion at 550°C. The mechanical properties of consolidated samples were evaluated by hardness and tension tests at room and elevated temperatures. The results show that annealing of the 10-h-milled powder at 600°C for 1 h led to the formation of a stable Al3Zr phase. Differential scanning calorime-try (DSC) results confirmed that the formation of Al3Zr began with the nucleation of a metastable phase, which subsequently transformed to the stable tetragonal Al3Zr structure. The tension yield strength of the Al?10wt%Al3Zr composite was determined to be 103 MPa, which is approximately twice that for pure Al (53 MPa). The yield stress of the Al/Al3Zr composite at 300°C is just 10% lower than that at room tem-perature, which demonstrates the strong potential for the prepared composite to be used in high-temperature structural applications.     

Tribological behavior of CrN-coated Cr-Mo-V steels used as die materials

DIN 1.2343 and 1.2367 steels are commonly used as die materials in aluminum extrusion, and single/duplex/multi-coatings enhance their surface properties. The design of an appropriate substrate/coating system is important for improving the tribological performance of these steels under service conditions because the load-carrying capacity of the system can be increased by decreasing the plastic deformation of the substrate. In this study, the tribological behavior of CrN-coated Cr-Mo-V steels (DIN 1.2343, 1.2367, and 1.2999 grades) was investigated using different setups and tribological pairs at room and elevated temperatures. The aim of this study was to reveal the wear resistance of a suggested system (1.2999/CrN) not yet studied and to understand both the wear and the failure characteristics of coated systems. The results showed that (i) among the steels studied, the DIN 1.2999 grade steel exhibited the lowest friction coefficient because it had the highest load-carrying capacity as a result of secondary hardening at elevated temperatures; (ii) at room temperature, both abrasive tracks and adhesive layers were observed on the worn surfaces; and (iii) a combination of chemical reactions and progressive oxidation caused aluminum adhesion on the worn surface, and the detachment of droplets and microcracking were the characteristic damage mechanisms at high temperatures.     

电磁场对1100铝合金铸轧板材组织的影响

研究了1100铝合金中添加不同质量分数(0.4%,0.2%,0.1%)的Al-Ti-B细化剂和在铸轧过程中施加电磁振荡场对铸轧板坯组织细化的影响.结果发现,在添加相同含量的Al-Ti-B条件下,铸轧过程中施加电磁振荡场的板坯组织细化效果明显高于普通铸轧的板坯.同时发现,细化剂的质量分数在0.1%~0.4%范围内,在铸轧过程中施加电磁振荡场,其细化效果都比较满意,其显微组织优于常规铸轧添加0.4%细化剂的组织,因此,电磁振荡铸轧可以大幅度降低细化剂的用量,减少元素偏析,改善铸轧坯的内部质量.     

45钢固体粉末法稀土、硼、铬、铝共渗工艺研究

研究了RE_Mg合金对固体粉末法硼、铬、铝共渗层成分、组织和性能的影响 .发现随着RE_Mg合金加入量的增加 ,渗层中Al2 O3的量不断增多 ,当RE_Mg合金加入量为 5 %时 ,渗层中出现连续致密分布的Al2 O3黑区组织 ,对此进行了性能测试和机理探讨     

半固态触变力的上限解

采用上界理论解法,求解半固态A356铝合金触变成形力·假定变形体为质点连续分布的刚塑性材料,设定连续函数速度场,将变形区分为圆盘和圆环两个塑性区、一个圆环刚性区等三个区,计算结果表明,触变成形力为82298kN,与实测结果在误差允许范围内拟合良好;变形力与变形区的尺寸有很大关系,当侧壁及下部圆盘愈厚时,变形力愈小;反之,变形力愈大     

平果铝高压溶出过程结疤形成影响因素探索

平果铝高压溶出过程，结疤的形成是不可避免的，而且对生产带来的危害也很大。对结疤形成影响因素的研究，对于生产中结疤的治理，强化氧化铝生产具有十分重要的意义。     

铝合金车轮材料A356中钠与锶变质差异

通过对比试验考察了铝合金Ａ３５６中钠与锶的变质的差异．借助于扫描电镜和电子探针（ＪＸＡ８４０Ａ）分析了显微组织中相的分布及生长形貌,并从晶体生长和变质原子特性方面,对变质机理进行了分析．