阳极氧化电压对纳米孔阵列阳极氧化铝膜形貌的影响

阳极氧化铝是将金属铝进行阳极氧化处理后，在其表面上形成的一层氧化膜，可对金属铝起到装饰和保护的作用．20世纪末人们发现，铝在适当的阳极氧化条件下可以制得具有纳米孔阵列的阳极氧化铝膜．随着纳米科学的蓬勃发展，纳米孔阵列阳极氧化铝膜由于其具有大的比表面积、高纵横比、大小均     

Sol-Gel水热偶合法制备纳米AlOOH的晶相转变

以日本理学3015 X射线衍射仪研究了Sol-Gel 水热偶合法制备纳米AlOOH的晶相转变.(1) 在pH3.5、时间5 h、温度低于130 ℃时,主要生成三水铝;当温度高于130 ℃且升高至150 ℃时,三水铝完全转化为AlOOH;(2) 在pH3.5、温度150 ℃、时间小于3 h时,物相以三水铝和AlOOH共存,随时间延长至5 h,三水铝完全转化为AlOOH;(3) 在反应温度150 ℃、时间5 h、pH＞8.0时,三水铝的含量随pH的增大而增加,pH＜6.0才能转化为AlOOH .     

Computer simulation for the precipitation process of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy

The precipitation mechanism of Ni75Al7.5V17.5 alloy above the L12 instability line, between the L12 and D022 instability lines and below the D022 instability line are studied using microscopic phase-field kinetic equation. This paper is aimed at investigating the effect of temperature on precipitation mechanism and morphological evolution of the alloy. Our simulations demonstrate that the precipitation is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition above the L12 instability line. It needs certain thermal fluctuations for nucleation and the number of θ phases is small at this temperature. The precipitation mechanism of γ'phase is congruent ordering followed by spinodal decomposition, and θ phase is a mixed mechanism of non-classical nucleation growth and spinodal decomposition between the L12 and D022 instability lines. The mechanism below the D022 instability line is similar to that between the L12 and D022 instability lines. With the decrease of the temperature, ordering and phase separation becomes fast, the dimension of γ'phase becomes small, the shape transforms from equiaxed to block, the dimension of θ phase becomes large and the shape transforms from strip to circle.     

中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳性能研究

针对轴承钢失效形式主要为疲劳破坏的问题,对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢进行旋转弯曲疲劳（RBF）试验及分析。分析轴承钢经调质处理（880 ℃+540 ℃）后的组织,再经RBF试验后疲劳断口和渗氮处理的作用,还分析了非金属夹杂物对轴承钢RBF的影响,构建了非金属夹杂物深度和尺寸对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢RBF极限强度影响的模型。实验结果表明：试验钢调质处理后,组织为回火索氏体,主要析出M₆C型和M₂₃C₆型碳化物,力学性能优良,RBF极限强度达到729 MPa;疲劳源分为表面缺陷和内部非金属夹杂物,表面缺陷主要包括非金属夹杂物脱落形成的凹坑以及机加工留下的刀痕,非金属夹杂物主要为镁铝酸盐;轴承钢在NH₃渗氮气氛中560 ℃恒温保持25 h,渗氮层厚度达360 μm以上,渗氮工艺合适。研究结果对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢的发展及其疲劳性能的提高有一定的参考价值。     

Microstructure characterization and hydrogen storage properties study of Mg2Ni0.92M0.08 (M = Ti, V, Fe or Si) alloys

In the present study Mg_2Ni-type compounds alloyed independently with Ti,V,Fe and Si were successfully prepared by wet-milling followed by sintering.Although these alloyed Mg_2Ni compounds exhibited a similar hydrogen storage mechanism as that of pure Mg_2Ni,the dissolution of Ti,V or Fe into the Mg_2NiH_4lattice had a considerable catalytic effect on hydrogen desorption from additional MgH_2.The further structure investigations clearly indicated that the substitution of Ti for Ni could suppress the formation of the micro-twined low-temperature phase(LT2)and promote the formation of the high-temperature phase(HT),thus resulting in remarkably improved hydrogen desorption kinetics for the Mg_2Ni_(0.92)Ti_(0.08)–H system.     

Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance

Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

铝锡轴承合金的摩擦磨损机理与性能

铝锡轴承合金对大型载重汽车、坦克、高速汽车、拖拉机等的高速高压柴油机的发展有重要的意义。提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能可节省大量能源并延长零件的使用寿命,如何取得具有优良的耐摩擦磨损的铝锡合金成为研究的重点。本文介绍了提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能的措施及其影响因素,总结铝锡合金中锡元素含量改变、合金元素的添加、热处理与制备工艺的改变对铝锡合金的显微组织以及耐摩擦磨损性能的影响。     

Studies on induction hardening of powder-metallurgy-processed Fe-Cr/Mo alloys

Induction hardening of dense Fe-Cr/Mo alloys processed via the powder-metallurgy route was studied. The Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo, Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo, and Fe-0.85Mo pre-alloyed powders were mixed with 0.4wt%, 0.6wt%, and 0.8wt% C and compacted at 500, 600, and 700 MPa, respectively. The compacts were sintered at 1473 K for 1 h and then cooled at 6 K/min. Ferrite with pearlite was mostly observed in the sintered alloys with 0.4wt% C, whereas a carbide network was also present in the alloys with 0.8wt% C. Graphite at prior particle boundaries led to deterioration of the mechanical properties of alloys with 0.8wt% C, whereas no significant induction hardening was achieved in alloys with 0.4wt% C. Among the investigated samples, alloys with 0.6wt% C exhibited the highest strength and ductility and were found to be suitable for induction hardening. The hardening was carried out at a frequency of 2.0 kHz for 2-3 s. A case depth of 2.5 mm was achieved while maintaining the bulk (interior) hardness of approximately HV 230. A martensitic structure was observed on the outer periphery of the samples. The hardness varied from HV 600 to HV 375 from the sample surface to the interior of the case hardened region. The best combination of properties and hardening depth was achieved in case of the Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo alloy with 0.6wt% C.