Thermodynamic simulation of the effect of slag chemistry on the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory

The corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory against two kinds of industrial slags (coal slag and iron smelting slag) at 1550°C was investigated via thermodynamic simulations. In the proposed simulation model, the initial slag first attacks the matrix and surface aggregates and subsequently attacks the inner aggregates. The simulation results indicate that the slag chemistry strongly affects the phase formation and corrosion behavior of the refractory brick. Greater amounts of alumina were dissolved and spinel solid phases formed when the brick interacted with iron smelting slag. These phenomena, as well as the calculated lower viscosity, may lead to much deeper penetration than that exhibited by coal slag and to more severe corrosion compared to that induced by coal slag. The thermodynamic calculations well match the experimental observations, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed simulation model for evaluating the corrosion behavior of alumina–chromia refractory.     

氧化铝颗粒—耐热钢基复合材料的高温磨损特性

采用化学气相沉积技术对氧化铝颗粒表面进行涂层处理,通过负压铸渗工艺制备了氧化铝颗粒－耐热钢基复合材料,并对其在９００℃下的高温磨料磨损特性进行了研究,结果表明：耐热钢在高温下的磨损主要是由磨料的滚压形成的挤出唇,翻边脱落所引起,磨损量较大,而复合材料高温磨损时颗粒突出于基体,承受载荷多,阻碍了磨粒对基体的损伤,因而抗磨性较好,其高温耐磨性是基体材料的３．３倍多。     

铝基水溶胶体的制备和特性研究

讨论了制备氧化铝基连续陶瓷纤维用胶体的特点和现状,对实验室制备过程进行了研究,获得了有良好粘性特征的水溶性胶体,对胶体的浓度-粘度、温度-粘度参数进行了测定,结果表明该水溶性无机高分子溶胶属于切力变稀的假塑性流体,并初步制备出直径为（10～20）μm,单丝抗拉强度达到2300 MPa的纤维。     

成型和烧结工艺对高纯氧化铝磨球性能的影响

为研究成型和烧结工艺对高纯氧化铝磨球性能的影响,采用团粒法制备形状良好的球坯,利用常压烧结方法制备高纯氧化铝磨球。结果表明,成型机转速和旋转时间对磨球粒径分布有较大的影响。随着烧结温度的提高以及保温时间的延长,高纯氧化铝磨球的质量密度逐渐增加,磨损率逐渐减小。在1 500℃保温210 min制得高纯氧化铝磨球的质量密度为3.15 g/cm3,磨损率为0.63%。     

同温度及曲率NaK-BASE管内Na+和K+迁移数值模拟

本文以NaK-AMTEC的BASE管内的Na+和K+迁移为研究对象,建立了NaK-BASE管显微结构的分形模型,采用微观Poisson-Nernst-Planck多离子运移模型模拟了Na+和K+在BASE管中的迁移,考察了不同温度下NaK BASE管内离子的迁移过程。研究结果表明,NaK-BASE管内的阳离子迁移浓度和表面电荷密度与BASE管的温度直接相关;温度的升高会使BASE管内阳离子浓度峰值有所减小,可通过增加BASE管曲率来提高该峰值。BASE管内的表面电荷密度随着温度的升高逐渐增大,且不同温度表面电荷密度之差随着曲率的增加逐渐增大。     

Extraction and characterization of alumina nanopowders from aluminum dross by acid dissolution process

A significant amount of aluminum dross is available as a waste in foundry industries in Bangladesh. In this study, alumina was extracted from aluminum dross collected from two foundry industries situated in Dhamrai and Manikgang, near the capital city, Dhaka. Aluminum dross samples were found to approximately contain 75wt% Al₂O₃ and 12wt% SiO₂. An acid dissolution process was used to recover the alumina value from the dross. The effects of various parameters, e.g., temperature, acid concentration, and leaching time, on the extraction of alumina were studied to optimize the dissolution process. First, Al(OH)₃ was produced in the form of a gel. Calcination of the Al(OH)₃ gel at 1000℃, 1200℃, and 1400℃ for 2 h produced θ-Al₂O₃, (α+θ)-Al₂O₃, and α-alumina powder, respectively. Thermal characterization of the Al(OH)₃ gel was performed by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The phases and crystallite size of the alumina were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The dimensions of the alumina were found to be on the nano level. The chemical compositions of the aluminum dross and alumina were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The microstructure and morphology of the alumina were studied with scanning electron microscopy. The purity of the alumina extracted in this study was found to be 99.0%. Thus, it is expected that the obtained alumina powders can be potentially utilized as biomaterials.     

多孔氧化铝膜色彩特性研究进展

 介绍了利用阳极氧化法制备的氧化铝膜板（AAM）的色彩特性。利用阳极氧化法制备的AAM,其色彩分布于整个可见光区,不同的色彩主要来源于光的干涉现象。AAM 的这种特性可广泛应用于染色、彩色显示、装饰装潢、防伪、纺织工业等。人工制备AAM 彩色膜板得到研究人员的广泛关注,其制备方法包括：AAM 多层膜结构、金属覆盖AAM 结构、碳纳米管复合AAM 结构、沉积纳米线的AAM 结构等。从周期性氧化电压法制备周期性多层结构AAM 光子晶体开始,按照改善AAM 色彩饱和度方法的不同分为5 个部分,综述了近年来对AAM 色彩特性的研究进展。     

Effect of aluminum oxide on the compressive strength of pellets

Analytical-reagent-grade Al₂O₃ was added to magnetite ore during the process of pelletizing, and the methods of mercury intrusion, scanning electron microscopy, and image processing were used to investigate the effect of Al₂O₃ on the compressive strength of the pellets. The results showed that, as the Al₂O₃ content increased, the compressive strength of the pellets increased slightly and then decreased gradually. When a small amount of Al₂O₃ was added to the pellets, the Al₂O₃ combined with fayalite (2FeO·SiO₂) and the aluminosilicate (2FeO·2Al₂O₃·5SiO₂) was generated, which releases some iron oxide and reduces the inhibition of fayalite to the solid phase of consolidation. When Al₂O₃ increased sequentially, high melting point of Al₂O₃ particles hinder the oxidation of Fe₃O₄ and the recrystallization of Fe2O3, making the internal porosity of the pellets increase, which leads to the decrease in compressive strength of the pellets.     

Hydrogen Production with Steam Reforming of Dimethyl Ether

Steam reforming of methanol and gasoline is actively researched and developed as hydrogen supply methods for the fuel cells of vehicles and so on. However, these materials have the problems such as the infrastructure, toxicity, difficulty of the reforming, and so forth. Dimethyl ether （DME） does not contain the poisonous substances, and is expected as a clean fuel of the next generation. DME is able to take the place of light oil and LPG, and its physical properties are similar to those of LPG. There is possibility that DME infrastructures will be settled more rapidly than those of hydrogen and methanol, because LPG infrastructures existing are able to use for DME. Then, we have been studying on steam reforming of DME for the hydrogen production.     

SnO2纳米线阵列的制备及纳米器件的制作

采用简单的溶胶-凝胶方法在多孔阳极氧化铝模板(AAM)的微孔中制备了高度有序的SnO2纳米线阵列。XRD,SEM和TEM对样品进行了结构和形貌的表征,结果表明,高度有序的SnO2纳米线具有四方相的多晶结构,纳米线连续均匀;并对SnO2纳米线阵列的生长机理进行了探讨;最后用聚焦离子束沉积设备制作了单根SnO2纳米线器件。