难溶性盐钙芒硝在碱液中溶解特性的实验研究

在分析钙芒硝矿的化学组成和其溶解原理的基础上,通过实验研究了钙芒硝矿在不同碱性溶液中和不同溶解条件下溶解特性。结果表明,钙芒硝在碱性溶液中的溶解速度比较快,由于部分Na2SO4是由化学反应产生,因此属于化学溶解的范畴;钙芒硝在碱性溶液中的溶解速度与碱性强弱有关,碱性强溶解速度快,反之较慢;在溶解过程中会产生微溶物CaSO4,决定了钙芒硝在溶液流动的情况下速度较静态溶液的溶解速度快;实验结论的得出为较难溶于水的钙芒硝矿的地下水溶开采提供了一种有益的方法。     

碱金属元素对山东蓝宝石结晶的促进作用研究

目的研究碱金属元素对山东蓝宝石结晶的促进作用。方法对山东蓝宝石寄主玄武岩的主量、微量、稀土元素以及蓝宝石包裹体中的主量元素进行分析,再对碱金属氧化物在岩浆网络中的化学行为进行研究。结果晶出山东蓝宝石的母岩浆源于富集地幔的低度熔融,并在蓝宝石结晶前或者结晶过程中与下地壳发生过强烈的壳—幔交互作用,这种交互作用为母源岩浆提供了充足的硅铝质和碱金属氧化物;其中的铝质为蓝宝石的结晶提供了物质基础,而碱金属氧化物则极大地促进了蓝宝石的结晶。结论碱金属元素对山东蓝宝石的结晶有积极的推动作用。     

麦草碱木质素的氧化和磺甲基化改性

针对麦草碱木质素水溶性差、相对分子质量低的问题,以Fenton试剂为氧化剂、亚硫酸钠为磺化剂对麦草浆碱木质素进行氧化和磺甲基化改性.采用分子轨道理论对碱木质素和羟甲基化碱木质素分子单元进行了电荷密度计算,发现愈创木基单元中苯环上的C-5位最容易进行磺甲基反应.将麦草碱木质素经氧化后进行磺甲基化反应,得到磺甲基化碱木质素,红外光谱测试表明产物中具有磺酸基的特征吸收峰,电导滴定法测得其磺化度为0.96mmol/g,Zeisel法测得甲氧基含量为5.41%,凝胶渗透色谱测得其重均相对分子质量M-w达6 653.当溶液质量浓度为30 g/L时,溶液表面张力达45.3mN/m.水泥净浆流动度测试表明,产物对水泥净浆的分散性能与木质素磺酸钙相近.     

木质素降解菌L1原生质体的形成和再生

从自然界筛选出一株降解木质素高的白腐真菌 L1,对其原生质体的形成和再生进行了研究。在 OS培养基中生长的菌丝体 ,原生质体数量较高。在液体培养条件下 ,于 OS培养基中培养 60 h的菌丝体 ,用 0 .3% β-巯基乙醇与酶液同时处理菌丝体 ,采用 p H5 .0的混合酶 (蜗牛酶∶纤维素酶∶溶菌酶的最佳浓度比为 5∶ 4∶ 1 ) ;在 30℃酶解 4h;用 0 .4mol/L NH4Cl,1 0 mmol/L Mg SO4作渗透压稳定剂时 ,原生质体数量达到 4.32× 1 0 5个 /mg。 OS双层再生培养基最适于原生质体再生     

高纯度PAN基碳纤维及其原丝的研制

对用几种方法制取的高纯度PAN原丝进行了分析对比,选取了以无碱金属引发体系的HNO_3溶液聚合工艺制得原液并纺制了碱金属及碱土金属总含量小于100ppm的高纯级PAN原丝。将其与其余三种一般纯度的PAN纤维以同样氧化、碳化工艺制得了碳纤维,并以密度、质量比电阻、X—光衍射、扫描电子显微镜、热分析及原子吸收光谱等方法研究了高纯碳丝及原丝的特点。     

单柱离子色谱测定碱金属与碱土金属的研究及应用

本文用Shimadzu HIC-6A高效单柱离子色谱仪和Shim-pack IC-CI低容量阳离子色谱柱,研究了不同浓度与不同pH值的淋洗剂对金属离子保留行为的影响,优选4.0 m mol/L HNO_3淋洗同时测定Li~+、Na~+、K~+、R6~+和Cs~+离子以及优选1.25m mol/L乙二胺和5.00m mol/L柠檬酸淋洗同时测定Be~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、Sr~(2+)和Ba~(2+)离子的最佳色谱条件,并用于饮水的测定.本法标准加入回收,碱金属5种离子的回收率达101.2%～103.5%;碱土金属5种离子的回收率达99.80%～107.7%.水样分析,Na~+和K~+离子的RSD为0.86%和1.02%,Mg~(2+)和Ca~(2+)离子的RSD为0.364%和0.70%。     

河南老湾花岗岩的源区成分模拟

老湾花岗岩的岩石化学、稀土元素和同位素特征指示出老湾花岗岩源于下地壳经部分熔融作用形成。源岩中含有壳源和幔源物质,具类似于高钾钙碱性安山岩的岩石化学特点。详细的研究表明了早元古界桐柏山群不能成为老湾花岗岩的源岩。模拟的太古代岩系岩石化学成分经高程度的部分熔融作用可以形成老湾花岗岩。     

cDNA cloning and functional analysis of 4-coumarate --CoA: ligase (4CL) gene in Chinese white aspen

cDNA encoding 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) was isolated from the secondary developing xylem of Chinese white aspen (Populus tomentosa) by RT-PCR for the first time, which was 1619 bp in length. The coding sequence and putative amino acid sequence showed 97.53% and 97.00% identity to that of Pt4CL1 in quaking aspen (P. tremuloids), respectively. Molecular analysis indicated that 4CL was encoded by multiple genes in P.tomentosa, its mRNA was highly accumulated in xylem and the expression of 4CL revealed a biphasic pattern in one growing season, almost in phase with the expression of other related enzymes in lignin biosynthesis. Transgenic research showed that expression of antisense 4CL cDNA led to the decreasing of lignin content in transgenic tobaccos, among which the average reduction was 10.3% and the highest could be up to 18.9%. These data suggested that 4CL gene was a potential gene used in altering lignin biosynthesis by biotechnology for producing new materials of papermaking.     

Cloning and expressional analyses of a cinnamoyl CoA reductase cDNA from rice seedlings

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR: EC 1.2.1.44),the entry-point enzyme of the llgnin specific biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of cinnamoyl CoA esters to their corresponding dnnamaldehydes. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the deduced polypeptide shared 70% similarity and 30% sequence identity at the amino acid level with defined CCR genes from other plant species and they all contain the common signature sequences thought to be the catalytic site as well as the putative NADP binding domain.Using a conserved OsCCR cDNA fragment as the probe for library screening, we isolated the genomic DNA that covered the whole coding region of OsCCR with total length of 3045bp including 4 introns and 5 exons. The open reading frame for our OsCCR gene coBtAin~ 337 amino adds. Northern blot indicated that OsCCR was expressed in different organs with the highest level found in stems. In situ hybridization results showed that OsCCR mRNA was localized mainly along the vascular bundles in stems and leaves, and also in lateral roots that was differentiating from the tiilering node. We conclude that the vascular-localized expression of OsCCR gene may suggest its possible involvement in llgnin biosynthesis. Cloning and characterization of OsCCR will help to clarify how llgniflcations in plants are regulated and will provide a physical basis for creating genetically engineered rice plants with optimal lignin contents.