CTSP问题稳态小生境算法的研究及仿真实现

提出了一种求解中国旅行商问题(CTSP)的稳态小生境遗传算法SNGA。SNGA算法在稳态遗传算法的基础上采用物种保存小生境替换策略,在改善算法的在线性能、离线性能和计算量的同时,有效的维持了群体的多样性,从而可避免群体出现早熟现象,增强群体在进化后期产生优良模式的能力。在具体实现中,SNGA算法采用链表染色体编码,这样就可以对染色体进行快速的基本遗传算子以及倒位算子的遗传操作,进一步提高算法的实现性能。此外采用C 语言和基于COM的MapObjects组件技术实现了基于上述算法的仿真软件GISCTSP,并对国家基础地理信息系统(NFGIS)1400万中国行政中心数据文件res1_4m进行了仿真分析。     

大同市居住区绿化树种的选择

从大同市的气候环境、树种资源入手，对目前树种的分布、种类及居民的满意度进行了调查和分析。     

神农架蚕蛾科（鳞翅目）二新种

记述发现于神农架的二种新蚕蛾：波纹钩蚕蛾Ｍｕｓｔｉｌｉａ ｕｎｄｕｌｏｓａ Ｙａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｍａｏ，神农如钩蚕蛾Ｍｕｓｔｉｌｉｚａｎｓ ｓｈｅｎｎｏｎｇ Ｙａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｍａｏ，附图１２幅，与近缘种详加比较。并略湖北省蚕蛾科概况及有关的分类问题。     

Inhibition of DNA restrictive endonucleases and Taq DNA polymerase by trimalonic acid C60

Activities of trimalonic acid fullerene (TMA C_60) on DNA restrictive enzymatic reaction were investigated by using two restrictive endonucleases Hind III and EcoR I and plasmid pEGFP-N1 with single restric-tive site for both enzymes. Meanwhile, TMA C60 was also tested to clarify its effects on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the catalyst of Taq DNA polymerase and the template of plasmid pEGFP-N1. The products from restrictive reactions or PCR were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was found that the product amounts from restrictive reactions or PCR decreased significantly with addition of TMA C60. The inhibition by TMA C60 was dose-dependent and IC50 values for reactions of Hind III, EcoR I and PCR were 16.3, 6.0 and 6.0 μmol/L, respectively. Addition of two scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS), L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate ester magnesium and sodium azide at the con-centrations of 2―10 mmol/L did not antagonize the activities of TMA C60 against PCR and two restrictive reactions. However, increase of Taq DNA polymerase amounts in PCR system antagonized the activities of TMA C60. These data implied that TMA C60 was able to inhibit the activities of the three above-mentioned enzymes involved in DNA metabolism, and that this inhibition probably did not correlate to ROS.     

二花脸猪的无带核型及银染核型研究

以二花脸显材料，采用外周血淋巴细胞短期培养及银染色技术，对其体细胞染色体进行了分析研究。结果表明，二花脸猪二倍体细胞染体色数目 ２ｎ＝３８，分为４组，其中８号和１０号染色体短臂有次缢痕且存在多态性；     

济南市郊直翅目群落（ORTHOPTERENCOMMUNITIES）的调查研究

作者依据环境湿度条件将济南市郊区分为干旱、中生偏干、中生偏湿及湿润四类生境，并对各类生境中直翅目群落进行系统的调查研究．结果表明：济南市郊不同类型生境中直翅目群落明显有利，干旱和中生偏干生境较湿润及中生偏湿生境的群落组成更为丰富。疣蝗Ｔｒｉｌｏｐｈｉｄｉａａｎｎｕｌａｔａ、黄胫小车蝗Ｏｅｄａｌｅｕｓｉｎｆｅｒｎａｌｉｓ、短星翅蝗Ｃａｌｌｉｐｔａｍｉｔｓａｂｂｒｅｖｉａｔｕｓ和蒙古束颈蝗Ｓｐｈｉｎｇｏｎｏｔｕｓｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｓ局限栖息于干旱生境，为该生境群落的特征种；中华稻蝗Ｏｘｙａ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ、长翅稻蝗Ｏｖｅｌｏｘ小稻蝗Ｏｈｙｌａｉｎｔｒｉｃａｔａ、长翅素木蝗Ｓｈｉｒａｋｉａｃｒｉｓｓｈｉｒａｋｉｉ和大垫尖翅蝗Ｅｐａｃｒｏｍｉｕｓｃｏｅｒｕｌｉｐｅｓ局限生活于湿润生境，是该生境群落的特征种．短额负蝗Ａｔｒａｃｔｏｍｏｒｐｈａｓｉｎｅｎｉｓｉ、中华剑角蝗Ａｃｒｉｄａｃｉｎｅｒｅａ是典型广栖性种，中华稻蝗在低洼潮湿生境中优势明显，对这些种类有必要进一步深入研究．散生型东亚飞蝗Ｌｏｃｕｓｔａｍｉｇｒａｔｏｒｉａｍａｎｉｔｅｎｓｉｓ在调查区内时有所见，应引起足够重视．     

四川大眼隐翅虫属（鞘翅目：隐翅虫科，大眼隐翅虫亚科）缘隐翅虫亚属（Ⅱ）

记述了大眼隐翅虫属、缘隐翅虫亚属１新种：仲夏大眼隐翅虫Ｓｔｅｎｕｓ（ｐａｒａｓｔｅｎｕｓ）ｓｏｌｓｔｉｔｉａｌｉｓ．     

茂兰自然保护区的舞虻新种：（双翅目：舞虻科）

双翅目(Diptera)舞虻科(Empididae)的成虫和幼虫均为捕食性的有益昆虫,贵州省的种类较多,作者1988年报道过梵净山的三新种,1989年记载了贵阳的四新种及一贵州省新记录种。现根据1990年采自茂兰自然保护区的标本又增加一个贵州省新记录种和一个新种,模式标本保存在北京农业大学昆虫标本室。