腐殖酸对高锰酸盐预氧化工艺剩余锰的影响

烧杯搅拌试验表明,水中腐殖酸对高锰酸钾预氧化工艺的剩余锰浓度有重要影响．水中腐殖酸浓度增加,剩余锰浓度呈上升趋势．高锰酸钾投量与水中的腐殖酸浓度存在一定的定量关系,为控制一定的剩余锰浓度,如原水的腐殖酸浓度较高,高锰酸钾投量需相应提高．预氧化时间是控制剩余锰浓度的重要因素,适当的预氧化时间有助于降低剩余锰浓度,过度延长则有可能使剩余锰浓度升高．     

铁锰微量元素对淡水藻类的生长影响研究

以北京市玉渊潭湖自然水体中的藻类为研究对象,分析了Fe3+,Mn2+对藻类生长的影响.结果表明,Fe3+能极大地促进藻类对N,P的吸收,使藻类成倍的增殖,各质量浓度(ρ)表现的促进作用强弱顺序为500,50,5,5 000μg.L-1;在营养充分时,Fe3+可能会成为诱发水华的主要因素.Mn2+对藻类生长的促进作用低于Fe3+,试验结果表明,最适ρ(Mn2+)为50μg.L-1,当ρ(Mn2+)=40 000μg.L-1时,藻类的生长受到抑制.     

广西某锰银矿工艺矿物学及锰的赋存状态

对广西某锰银矿进行了工艺矿物学的研究,查明了锰银原矿石矿矿物成分.金属矿物主要为硬锰矿、软锰矿、黄铁矿、赤铁矿和少量毒砂、黄铜矿、闪锌矿.矿石的主要结构是隐晶质结构、胶状结构、显微鳞片结构及砂质结构.主要的构造是脉状构造、胶状构造、浸染状构造.精矿中银品位是3 923 g.t-1,锰的赋存状态是独立的锰矿物,锰矿物是硬锰矿和软锰矿.精矿中硬锰矿在0.152~0.088 mm粒级范围内占17%,0.088~0.074 mm粒级范围内占38%;>0.074 mm粒级范围占40%;软锰矿在0.152~0.088 mm粒级范围内占18%,0.088~0.074 mm粒级范围内占35%;>0.074 m...     

纳米Al2O3介导的固定化小球藻燃料电池产电性能分析

采用纳米Al2O3 海藻酸钠联合固定化制备小球藻胶球,并应用于微生物燃料电池阴极,以提供电子受体,考察电池的产电性能。研究结果表明:加入纳米Al2O3能提高海藻酸钠固定化小球藻胶球的比表面积,使固定化小球藻阴极MFCs输出电压由0113 V提高到0173 V,且电池的输出电压随着胶球粒径的减小和加入量的增加而提高,光照可降低MFCs内阻,提高产电性能。     

Effects of cooling rate and Al on MnS formation in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steels

The effect of Al on the morphology of MnS in medium-carbon non-quenched and tempered steel was investigated at three different cooling rates of 0.24, 0.43, and 200℃·s-1. The formation mechanisms of three types of MnS were elucidated based on phase diagram information combined with crystal growth models. The morphology of MnS is governed by the precipitation mode and the growth conditions. A monotectic reaction and subsequent fast solidification lead to globular Type I MnS. Type II MnS inclusions with different morphological characteristics form as a result of a eutectic reaction followed by the growth in the Fe matrix. Type III MnS presents a divorced eutectic morphology. At the cooling rate of 0.24℃·s-1, the precipitation of dispersed Type III MnS is significantly enhanced by the addition of 0.044wt% acid-soluble Al (Al_s), while Type II MnS clusters prefer to form in steels with either 0.034wt% or 0.052wt% Al_s. At the relatively higher cooling rates of 200℃·s-1 and 0.43℃·s-1, the formation of Type I and Type II MnS inclusions is promoted, and the influence of Al is negligible. The results of this work are expected to be employed in practice to improve the mechanical properties of non-quenched and tempered steels.     

Morphology,size and distribution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment

This article reports the morphology, size, and distribution evolution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment. The variation of single large-sized MnS inclusions at high temperature was observed in situ using a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM). The slender MnS inclusions first changed to pearl-like strings. These small-sized pearls subsequently coalesced and became closer together as the temperature increased. Large-sized MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel samples with different thermal histories were investigated with respect to the evolution of their morphology, size, and distribution. After 30 min of ovulation at 1573 K, the percentage of MnS inclusions larger than 3 μm decreased from 50.5% to 3.0%. After a 3 h soaking period, Ostwald ripening occurred. Most MnS inclusions moved from the grain boundaries to the interior. The present study demonstrates that heat treatment is an effective method of changing the morphology, size, and distribution of MnS inclusions, especially large-sized ones.     

不同Li/Mn摩尔比尖晶石型锰酸锂中锂离子的酸处理抽出

采用熔融盐法合成了2种不同Li/Mn摩尔比的尖晶石型锰酸锂.在水溶液中用稀盐酸、(NH4)S2O8介质对其进行处理,旨在观察这2种化合物中的Li+离子抽出行为.结果表明对于Li+来说,2种酸溶液的抽出效果相似;Li+离子抽出表现为离子交换反应和氧化还原反应.HCl对于Mn的溶出率大,但是(NH4)2S2O8溶液几乎不溶解这2种锰酸盐.Mn的平均氧化态低的尖晶石被氧化性酸处理时,有更多的Mn3+转化成Mn4+.     

聚天冬氨酸/海藻酸钠高吸水树脂的合成与评价

利用化学交联法制备聚天冬氨酸与海藻酸钠半互穿型高吸水树脂,所得产物并不改变原有的可降解等性质,经筛选测试确定海藻酸钠的最佳复配比例为4%,这一比例的半互穿产物在纯水中的溶胀率比纯聚天冬氨酸树脂提高21.9%,经傅立叶红外等分析发现合成的半互穿高吸水树脂仍然存在交联聚天冬氨酸的网络结构,海藻酸钠的特征基团也有相应特征吸收。SEM观察到海藻酸钠的加入提高产物树脂的孔径大小,增加孔的数量,说明树脂提高了对水的吸附和溶胀能力。     

MnO_2/竹炭超级电容器电极材料的性能

采用机械球磨法将竹炭和MnO2按不同比例复合,得到一系列不同配比的MnO2/竹炭电容器电极复合材料,对其进行扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)和热重分析(TG-DSC),并进行循环伏安和电化学充放电测试。结果发现,当MnO2在复合材料中的质量分数为1%时,电极比容量可以达到338 F/g,100次循环后维持在260 F/g,显示很好的电化学性能。     

壳聚糖/海藻酸钠水凝胶的制备及其在药物控释中的应用

以戊二醛(GA)为交联剂,壳聚糖作为聚阳离子组分,海藻酸钠作为聚阴离子组分,制备了壳聚糖(CS)海藻酸钠(SA)水凝胶。探讨了改变溶液的pH值和交联剂用量等条件对两种水凝胶溶胀性能的影响。交联剂含量、pH对CS-SA水凝胶溶胀率的影响较大,且在酸性条件下的水凝胶的溶胀率远大于碱性条件下的溶胀率,包埋在此水凝胶中的牛血清蛋白(BSA)释放随载药介质的pH值的变化而显著不同,pH值为1.0条件下载药的水凝胶释药率大于pH值为7.4,9.18条件下的释药率。