邻硝基苯酚与脱氧核糖核酸相互作用的研究

为了探讨邻硝基苯酚（o-NP）与脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的相互作用方式,用荧光光谱法、紫外-可见光谱法、量子化学方法,研究了pH为7．42磷酸盐缓冲溶液中o-NP与DNA的相互作用．o-NP在脱氧核糖核酸开链过程后的荧光光谱曲线、紫外光谱曲线的吸收峰改变较大,未经开链的改变较小,量化计算表明邻硝基苯酚位于DNA的碱基附近．邻硝基苯酚在脱氧核糖核酸开链过程中形成了新的DNA加合物．     

碱性固态高分子电解质薄膜的合成与金属-空气燃料电池的应用

提出了一项经由自由基聚合反应及溶液成膜法制备新型超高离子导电度高分子薄膜的制备方法.利用高亲水性之聚乙烯醇为基材,并利用丙烯酸单体于PVA高分子溶液中行自由基聚合反应,并藉由交联剂的使用以及调整丙烯酸聚合比例,使制备成内穿透网状结构的高分子薄膜,此薄膜在吸附32wt-%碱性氢氧化钾溶液后,室温离子导电度可达0.301S·cm-1,若在吸附2M硫酸溶液后,其室温离子导电度亦可达0.175S·cm-1,并同时拥有良好的机械强度;在锌空气电池以及铝空气电池的应用测试中,结果显示此高分子电解质薄膜可提供电池具有高的电池利用率以及高的使用功率密度,并且同时拥有很好之电化学稳定度,对于未来在燃料电池以及金属-燃料反应系统上具有很高的应用潜力.     

聚乳酸聚氨酯嵌段预聚体增韧聚乳酸/热塑性聚氨酯共混物的研究

本研究合成了聚乳酸聚氨酯嵌段共聚物预聚体(PLA-b-PUP),以其作为聚乳酸(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)的活性相容剂,通过原位反应增容制备了PLA/TPU/PLA-b-PUP超韧共混物。通过拉伸试验、冲击试验、SEM、FT-IR、DSC和TGA研究了共混物的力学性能、热性能和增韧机理。结果表明,PLA-b-PUP中的异氰酸酯基团与PLA和TPU上的活性基团发生了反应,显著改善了PLA/TPU共混物两相界面的相容性。随着PLA-b-PUP的加入,共混物中PLA的玻璃化转变温度和相对结晶度逐渐降低,当PLA-b-PUP的质量分数为PLA/TPU共混物的4%时,共混材料的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度分别达到无相容剂时的8.12倍和2.73倍,表现出良好的增容增韧效果。添加PLA-b-PUP后,共混物的初始分解温度有所降低,但最快分解温度有所提高。     

取代苯甲酸生物降解速率常数的拓扑计算

利用拓扑指数和量化计算得到的参数共同与取代苯甲酸的生物降解速率常数回归,建立的二元数学模型具有很好的相关性.并且,该模型表现了很好的稳键性和可重复性.     

水热法合成甘草次酸甲酯的研究

以甘草酸为原料通过水热法合成了甘草次酸甲酯,并通过红外光谱和1H核磁共振等手段对其进行表征,确定了其化学结构.该合成方法具有简便、快速、收率高等优点.     

L-酒石酸异丁酯的合成

以L-酒石酸、异丁醇为原料合成了手性拆分试剂L-酒石酸异丁酯.考察了带水剂用量、醇酸摩尔比、催化剂种类、催化剂用量对产品酯化率的影响.研究结果表明,最好的催化剂为对甲苯磺酸,在醇酸摩尔比为3∶1,催化剂的最佳用量为1 g,带水剂甲苯用量为60 mL的条件下,L-酒石酸异丁酯的酯化率可达99.4%.     

硼酸对苗期花生叶片保护酶活性的影响

研究不同浓度硼酸对苗期花生叶片保护酶活性的影响。结果表明,喷施浓度为0.1%~0.4%的硼酸可以显著提高苗期花生叶片的POD、SOD、CAT和PPO活性;以浓度为0.2%~0.3%的硼酸喷施效果最好。但当硼酸浓度为0.6%时,4种保护酶的活性反而低于对照。     

Diversity in enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases

The enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (ENR) is the last enzyme in the fatty acid elongation cycle. Unlike most enzymes in this essential pathway, ENR displays an unusual diversity among organisms. The growing interest in ENRs is mainly due to the fact that a variety of both synthetic and natural antibacterial compounds are shown to specifically target their activity. The primary anti-tuberculosis drug, isoniazid, and the broadly used antibacterial compound, triclosan, both target this enzyme. In this review, we discuss the diversity of ENRs, and their inhibitors in the light of current research progress. Received 3 November 2008; received after revision 5 December 2008; accepted 8 December 2008     

氯桥酸酐合成自熄性防腐聚酯树脂的研究

研究了氯桥酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐、乙二醇、二丙二醇和苯乙烯等为原料制备防腐阻燃不饱和聚酯树脂的工艺条件.结果表明,氯桥酸酐配比可达50%以上,反应温度160~180℃,反应时间20 h,催化剂量为0.1%~0.25%.以过氧化苯甲酰为固化剂,于50~60℃固化45 h,80~9℃固化20 h,获得性能优良的树脂,当其氯含量大于20%时,具有较强的阻燃能力.该树脂在多种强腐蚀介质中相当稳定,特别适用于含湿氯气等强腐蚀性场所防腐.     

Activation and inactivation of thyroid hormone by deiodinases: Local action with general consequences

The thyroid hormone plays a fundamental role in the development, growth, and metabolic homeostasis in all vertebrates by affecting the expression of different sets of genes. A group of thioredoxin fold-containing selenoproteins known as deiodinases control thyroid hormone action by activating or inactivating the precursor molecule thyroxine that is secreted by the thyroid gland. These pathways ensure regulation of the availability of the biologically active molecule T3, which occurs in a time-and tissue-specific fashion. In addition, because cells and plasma are in equilibrium and deiodination affects central thyroid hormone regulation, these local deiodinase-mediated events can also affect systemic thyroid hormone economy, such as in the case of non-thyroidal illness. Heightened interest in the field has been generated following the discovery that the deiodinases can be a component in both the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway and the TGR-5 signaling cascade, a G-protein-coupled receptor for bile acids. These new mechanisms involved in deiodinase regulation indicate that local thyroid hormone activation and inactivation play a much broader role than previously thought. Received 29 August 2007; received after revision 11 October 2007; accepted 16 October 2007