排球接扣球防守战术时空协同理论初步研究

通过对排球接扣球防守战术中前排拦网和后排防守的各要素进行时空划分,并论证二维协同,指出各因素之间的制约关系.根据防守中出现的问题提出建议,希望通过时空协同理论探索找出最佳的时空协同方式,提高接扣球防守的有效性.     

美国是如何防止剽窃的?

科学研究的主要目的是进行知识创新 ,剽窃行为与科学研究的目的背道而驰 ,因而受到世界许多国家的反对与禁止。虽然如此 ,各国防剽窃措施产生的实际效果存在着很大的差异。美国作为世界科技强国 ,在防剽窃方面构筑了三道主要“防线” ,取得了较为理想的结果 ,本文介绍、分析了美国所构筑的这三道主要“防线”及其对我国治理剽窃问题所给予的启示     

采面降温冷量与风量的关系探讨

本文主要探讨了采面在不同进风流温度下,采面冷量与风量的关系,为采面降温从经济上达到最优化提供了理论基础。     

机械扰动下风流非稳定流动的数学模型

从流体力学基础理论和矿井风流流动的基本规律出发，推导出了机械扰动下，矿井风网内风流一维非稳定流动的数学模型。为矿井风流非稳定的分析提供了数学基础。     

Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly

Summary Monarch butterflies sequester cardenolides from their larval host plants in the milkweed genusAsclepias for use in defense against predation. Of 108Asclepias species in North America, monarchs are known to feed as larvae on 27. Research on 11 of these has shown that monarchs sequester cardenolides most effectively, to an asymptote of approximately 350 g/0.1 g dry butterfly, from plants with intermediate cardenolide contents rather than from those with very high or very low cardenolide contents. SinceAsclepias host plant species are distributed widely in space and time across the continent, monarchs exploit them by migration between breeding and overwintering areas. After overwintering in central Mexico, spring migrants east of the Rocky Mountains exploit three predominantAsclepias species in the southern USA that have moderately high cardenolide contents. Monarchs sequester cardenolides very effectively from these species. First generation butterflies are thus well protected against predators and continue the migration north. Across the northern USA and southern Canada most summer breeding occurs on a fourthAsclepias species and in autumn most of these monarchs migrate back to Mexican overwintering sites. The ecological implications of this cycle of cardenolide sequestration for the evolution of monarch migration are discussed.     

Paternal allocation of sequestered plant pyrrolizidine alkaloid to eggs in the danaine butterfly,Danaus gilippus

Summary Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestered by adult maleDanaus gilippus from plants is transferred in large measure to the female at mating, and by the female to the eggs. The eggs, presumably, are protected as a result. The male's courtship pheromone, danaidone, derived from the sequestered alkaloid, may function to advertise the male's alkaloid-donating capacity.Acknowledgments. Paper Nr. 89 of the series Defense Mechanisms of Arthropods. Study supported by NIH (Grants AI-02908 and AI-12020; Predoctoral Traineeship to DED), Hatch funds (191-7416), the Bache Fund (National Academy of Sciences, to DED), and the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Fund (American Museum of Natural History, to DED). We thank M. Weingarner and J. Miller forD. gilippus collection, J. Boggan for technical assistance, and the staff of the Archbold Biological Station, Lake Placid, Florida, for assistance and hospitality. One of us (DED) is indebted to M. D. Achey, who by demonstrating nuptial cardenolide transfer in the monarch butterfly [Honors Thesis, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts (1979)] raised the possibility that other plant metabolites might be similarly transferred in danaines.Deceased July, 1985. This paper is affectionately dedicated to his memory.     

用FoxPro编程建立湿空气状态参数表

目前在空调专业各种教材及设计手册中,有关湿空气的各项状态参数,都是以“焓湿图”的形式给出,查看时既不方便又不精确。本运用FoxPro编程方法,将“焓湿图”变换成“湿空气状态参数表”。     

黑龙江省伊春市五营国家森林公园负离子研究

根据伊春市五营国家森林公园中的空气负氧离子浓度的实测资料,利用空气离子单极系数及空气离子评价系数进行了评价和研究.结果表明,该森林公园中空气负离子含量达到国际旅游度假区一级标准,空气清洁度属于A级“最清洁”;在动态水周围的一定范围内随着与动态水的距离的逐渐增大,空气离子单极系数大致呈线性增加趋势;空气离子评价系数值大致呈线性减小趋势.而在这个范围之外,两个值都将趋于平缓;在分别以红松、冷杉和白桦三种树种为主体的纯林中,空气清洁度均在早晚时比较高,在中午时出现低谷.     

改进DM2的联合论证概念建模

为了准确表达联合论证工作中作战、装备和工业部门的描述内容,提出了基于本体理论改进国防部元模型(DM2)的联合论证概念模型。从装备论证和联合论证的概念出发,构建了装备论证和联合论证空间。对比分析了2个空间的研究对象、参与机构和机构视角,在此基础上阐述了概念模型在联合论证工作中的重要性。分析了DM2的设计思路和DM2基础规范中的国际国防企业体系结构规范(IDEAS)和业务对象参考本体(BORO)。借鉴DM2的基础规范和本体理论,结合联合论证空间构建了联合论证概念模型。从本质上揭示了DM2中概念数据模型(CDM)的内涵和外延不适用于联合论证工作的客观事实,最后用实例表明了模型的可行性和推理的一致性。     

采用HK模型的防空反导作战网络建模分析

采用HK网络模型对防空反导作战网络进行建模,对网络度分布、集群系数、平均距离的统计特性进行分析。将网络模型与典型树状结构的防空反导网络和基于BA无标度模型的网络进行比较,表明基于HK模型的防空反导作战网络具有较好的集群系数和无标度特性,同时表明改变TF连接概率进行防空反导网络设计具有更好的灵活性。