Sick building syndrome,perceived odors,sensation of air dryness and indoor environment in Urumqi,China

In order to evaluate the perceived home indoor air quality, as well as sick building syndrome （SBS） in areas with typical arid continental climate such as Urumqi, northwest of China, a cross-sectional study including 4,260 parents of children （1-8 years） was performed by a ques- tionnaire survey in winter season in 2011. The sensation of air dryness （weekly/sometimes） in the last 3 months had the highest proportion of reports by more than half of the parents （57.4 %）, followed by perceived stuffy odor （40.6 %）, unpleasant odor （27.0 %）, tobacco smoke odor （25.5 %）, sensation of humid air （17.9 %）, pungent odor （11.7 %） and moldy odor （9.5 %）, respectively. The prevalence of SBS symptoms in the same time period was 40.4 % for general symptom, 47.7 % for mucosal symptom and 9.5 % for skin symptom, respectively. There were significant associations between perceived odors/sensation of air dryness and SBS symptoms （ORs range 1.39-1.42）. Additionally, the OR values increased with an increase of the OH score （P 〈 0.05）. Dampness, the presence of cockroaches and mosquitoes/flies, prenatal exposure to decoration and close to traffic were all risk factors of SBS symptoms. However, frequently putting bedding to sun- shine was potentially a protective factor. In conclusion, adults＇ perceptions of odors and sensation of air dryness are related to SBS symptoms and home environmental factors in Urumqi, China.     

高原低气压环境对新拌混凝土含气量的影响

通过低气压试验箱模拟高原不同海拔地区气压环境,研究了环境气压对引气剂引气能力的影响.试验结果表明:环境气压的降低将显著削弱引气剂的引气能力,当环境气压降低至50kPa时,混凝土含气量降低约20%~49%;混凝土含气量随环境气压降低呈线性减少,初始含气量越高,随环境气压降低含气量减少速率越大;混凝土坍落度越大,其抵抗因环境气压降低造成含气量降低的能力越强.因此,在高原地区设计引气混凝土时应针对不同结构物,结合当地气压条件及引气剂类型,相较于常压情况适当增加引气剂掺量,以达到抗冻设计指标中要求的含气量.     

一种新型空气除臭装置的研制

目的研发一种新型空气除臭装置,以减少实验动物设施排出废气对周围环境的影响。方法通过水喷淋与空气扰流技术的结合,研制出新型空气除臭装置。通过检测除臭前、后排气和水中的恶臭物质含量,评价空气除臭装置是否成功。结果与除臭前相比,除臭后排气中的氨和硫化氢含量明显降低,而水中氨氮和硫化物的含量明显升高。结论新型空气除臭装置可有效减少实验动物设施排气中的恶臭物质含量,具有高效、节能、环保、成本低和维护简单的优点,可在实验动物设施中推广应用。     

综采综放工作面特殊条件的风量计算方法

给出了综采综放工作面在高产高效、煤层易自燃、高温、防灭火注Ｎ２工艺等特殊条件下以及普通低瓦斯矿井高瓦斯涌出生产工作面风量计算的方法，这些方法可以直接在矿井生产实际中应用。     

BCF变形装置中的气流场分析

运用气体动力学的知识,研究了BCF变形装置气流场的速度、压强、流量及能量分布特征,以此描述流体的流动状态。     

自行供暖房地产建设项目对环境空气质量中SO_2质量浓度的贡献

依据《环境影响评价技术导则大气环境（HJ2.2—2008）》的要求,利用导则推荐的ADMS空气质量模式,模拟计算自行供暖房地产建设项目实施后对周边环境空气中SO2质量浓度的贡献情况,主要包括项目排放对环境空气敏感区、最大地面小时质量浓度、最大地面日均质量浓度和年均质量浓度的影响。由模拟结果可知：本项目实施后对周围环境空气质量的影响较小,项目排放的污染物一方面容易沿主导风向轴线方向展开扩散,另一方面受局部地形的影响,容易在沟谷地带形成高值区。此外,对于城市区域内的房地产建设项目,本研究建议采取城市集中供热作为供暖方式,以消除或减少自行供暖所造成的SO2质量浓度贡献。     

Novel Approach for Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Sensors in Air Handling Units Using Wavelet Energy Entropy

A novel fault diagnosis method for sensors in air handling unit(AHU)using wavelet energy entropy was presented.Instead of directly comparing the numerous data under noise conditions,the wavelet energy entropy residual was compared in the proposed method.Three-level wavelet analysis was used to decompose the measurement data under both fault-free and faulty operation conditions.The concept of Shannon entropy was referred to define wavelet energy entropy of the wavelet coefficients.The sensor faults were diagnosed by comparing the deviation of the wavelet energy entropy of the measured signal and the estimated one with the preset threshold.Testing results showed that the wavelet energy entropy was sensitive to diagnose the biased faults.The wavelet energy entropy residuals exceed the threshold significantly when faults occur.In addition,the severer the faults were,the larger the residuals would be.The results prove that the proposed method is feasible and effective for the fault detection and diagnosis of the sensors.     

纸张TAD干燥过程数学模型研究

纸张热风穿透干燥是一种适于高速纸机的一项关键技术。适用于该干燥技术的湿纸页类似于多孔介质。基于多孔介质气流干燥理论，建立了纸张气流穿透干燥的数学模型，并对数学模型进行了分析求解。通过实验发现，实验数据与利用数学模型计算的理论数值吻合较好，证明提出的数学模型和数值计算方法比较可靠，为纸张气流穿透干燥的设计和操作优化提供了理论依据。     

两种群体平衡模型在大规模多粒径泡状流中的应用研究

为了研究大规模多粒径泡状流流动特性,考虑到气泡聚并、破裂等微观机制现象对气泡尺寸、数密度等宏观参量的影响,分别采用两种基于群体平衡方程的数学模型———群数密度传递(BNDT)模型与多气泡组质量传递(MUSIG)模型,对具有聚并主导趋势特征的多粒径气液泡状流实验MTLOOP进行数值模拟,并与实验进行了对比研究,结果发现:两种群体平衡模型均可以较准确地捕捉到多粒径泡状流中气泡尺寸变化趋势以及含气率分布特征转换,且预测精度相当;与MUSIG模型相比,BNDT模型计算时间节省了1/20～1/10,因此更适用于火箭工程中大型气液泡状流的工程预测.     

350MW机组锅炉暖风器的改造

针对某厂1号炉固定式暖风器存在的堵塞、差压大及暖风器停运后的阻力问题,采用了旋转式暖风器进行改造,经实践运行表明节能效果良好。