An improved automatic detection method for earthquake-collapsed buildings from ADS40 image

Earthquake-collapsed building identification is important in earthquake damage assessment and is evidence for mapping seismic intensity. After the May 12th Wenchuan major earthquake occurred, experts from CEODE and IPSC collaborated to make a rapid earthquake damage assessment. A crucial task was to identify collapsed buildings from ADS40 images in the earthquake region. The difficulty was to differentiate collapsed buildings from concrete bridges, dry gravels, and landslide-induced rolling stones since they had a similar gray level range in the image. Based on the IPSC method, an improved automatic identification technique was developed and tested in the study area, a portion of Beichuan County. Final results showed that the technique＇s accuracy was over 95%. Procedures and results of this experiment are presented in this article. Theory of this technique indicates that it could be applied to collapsed building identification caused by other disasters.     

The extremum principle of mass entransy dissipation and its application to decontamination ventilation designs in space station cabins

In terms of the analogy between mass and heat transfer phenomena, a new physical quantity, i.e. mass entransy, is introduced to represent the ability of an object for transferring mass to outside. Meanwhile, the mass entransy dissipation occurs during mass transfer processes as an alternative to measure the mass transfer irreversibility. Then the concepts of mass entransy and its dissipation are used to develop the extremum principle of mass entransy dissipation and the corresponding method for convective mass transfer optimization, based on which an Euler＇s equation has been deduced as the optimization equation for the fluid flow to obtain the best convective mass transfer performance with some specific constraints. As an example, the ventilation process for removing gaseous pollutants in a space station cabin with a uniform air supply system has been optimized to reduce the energy consumption of the ventilation system and decrease the contaminant concentration in the cabin. By solving the optimization equation, an optimal air velocity distribution with the best decontamination performance for a given viscous dissipation is firstly obtained. With the guide of this optimal velocity field, a suitable concentrated air supply system with appropriate air inlet position and width has been designed to replace the uniform air supply system, which leads to the averaged and the maximum contaminant concentrations in the cabin been decreased by 75% and 60%, respectively, and the contaminant concentration near the contaminant source surface been decreased by 50%, while the viscous dissipation been reduced by 30% simultaneously.     

利用数字图像相关性实现岩土自动跟踪

为了实时了解岩土微细结构动态演变规律,针对土颗粒在载荷下的移动特点,研究了适于岩土自动跟踪系统 的图像相关性计算公式、配准模板、搜索区域. 通过比较4 种相关系数的计算耗时、峰度、统计分布,提出在相关性计算 公式中用平方运算代替一般的开方运算,并将正方形模板和正方形搜索区域改为矩形模板和矩形搜索区域,充分利用模 板的灰度信息,满足了岩土跟踪的实时性要求. 实验表明该方法可靠,可为岩土微细结构连续变化特性研究提供实验 手段.     

加氢站风险评价研究现状与进展

伴随着世界各国氢燃料电池车示范项目的实施,与之配套的氢能基础设施--加氢站也在全球范围内迅速发展.作为一种新兴的能源基础设施,能否为公众提供足够的安全,一直是政府和公众非常关心的问题.而目前国际上关于加氢站风险评价方面存在的主要争议,即是损害限和风险接受标准确定的问题.本文通过回顾国外加氢站风险评价的研究现状和进展,从危险辨识、概率分析、后果评价以及风险度量等方面总结了加氢站风险评价的方法,对氢能设施风险评价开展的基础--氢气行为及其后果等氢能安全进行了分析,在此基础上,进一步综述了近几年国际上在该领域研究取得的进展.     

小议“有高森林火险气象等级”

“有高森林火险气象等级”的表述有欠严密、简练,也不符合天气预报节目口语化的表述风格,文章分析了其中的原因并提出了合理可行的建议。     

小议“有高森林火险气象等级”

“有高森林火险气象等级”的表述有欠严密、简练,也不符合天气预报节目口语化的表述风格,文章分析了其中的原因并提出了合理可行的建议。     

基于非参数聚类和多尺度图像的目标跟踪

提出了一种基于非参数聚类和多尺度图像的目标跟踪算法.在利用改进的非参数颜色聚类进行自适应划分目标颜色空间的基础上,定义了目标模型和候选目标模型,该模型利用高斯函数建模颜色直方图中的每一个颜色特征位的空域分布; 根据Bhattacharyya系数的定义得到了目标模型和候选目标模型之间的相似性函数.跟踪算法利用高斯金字塔得到的多尺度图像进行从粗到细的目标空间定位;同时通过利用推导的核函数自动带宽选择公式,实现了目标尺度定位.实验结果表明该方法优于典型的均值漂移跟踪方法,从而验证了该方法的有效性.     

重型汽车机械自动变速传动试验台测控系统开发

重型汽车是机械自动变速器(automatic mechanical transmission,AMT)合适的应用对象.台架试验是AMT研究开发的重要环节.通过台架试验,进行AMT性能测试和分析,优化发动机和传动系统的匹配参数及控制策略,为AMT的装车应用奠定基础.针对所开发的AMT样机,在分析重型汽车AMT台架试验的功能需求基础上,提出了试验台测控系统方案,分析了数据采集及通信的方法;分析了AMT执行机构的特点,提出了执行机构的控制方法,在Delphi软件平台基础上开发了AMT试验台试验测控软件,使试验系统具备了先进的试验功能.     

汤旺河干流水电站规划二氧化硫减排量的分析和计算

开发水电资源,可以替代火电,减少二氧化硫的排放量,为节能减排做出积极地贡献．根据汤旺河干流水电规划,尝试对规划实施后替代的二氧化硫减排量进行分析和计算．     

组合列车对单线铁路货物输送能力及旅行速度的影响

对单线半自动闭塞区段开行组合列车引起的车站间隔时间变化进行了分析,并给出了组合列车扣除系数的取值范围及对货物列车旅行速度的影响,对于单线铁路挖潜扩能具有一定的参考作用．