PMMA微管的模板法制备与形貌分析

采用模板合成技术，以阳极氧化铝膜为模板，通过化学聚合法制备管径为200nm，长为数微米的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）微管阵列。经红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）表征PMMA微管阵列的结构和形貌，结果显示PMMA微管具有与模板孔洞相似的形状、大小和排列，微管的壁厚为40～60nm；除管状结构外，还存在丝状和类似竹节状的结构；不同结构微管的形成与单体的充填程度有关。     

Influences of Electrolytes on Soap-Free P(ST-MMA-AA) Emulsion Polymerization

1Introduction Functional polymer microspheres are kinds of polymer particles with special structures, morphologies or functional groups[1] , and have been gained much attention because of their specific properties and their application since 1980s. Although some researches have investigated that the latex particle size and its distribution,as well as the stability of polymerization and the resultant latex were strongly influenced by introducing electrolyte into the emulsion polymerization system[2] , few of them focused on the systematic study of electrolytes on the soap-free emulsion polymerization, which is considered as a conventional approach to synthesize functional polymer microspheres with clean surfaces[2]. In this presentation, the influences of variety and dosage of electrolytes on soap-free emulsion polymerization of St, MMA and AA were studied, and a series of micron or submicron sized latex particles with narrow distribution were obtained.     

中药菟丝子花粉形态的扫描电镜研究

利用扫描电子显微镜对山东菟丝子属(Cuscuta L.)3种植物的花粉形态进行了观察研究。结果显示该属花粉粒为长球形，具3～4沟。表明该属花粉粒大小、孔沟数量和外壁雕纹可以作为种间分类的依据。     

胡枝子属与米口袋属花粉亚显微形态特征的比较研究

报道了山东胡枝子属6种植物花粉与米口袋属4种植物花粉的亚显微形态特征，并对两属进行了比较分析．它们韵花粉从赤道面观均呈近长球形，极面观呈三裂圆形；具三条萌发沟；花粉粒的大小，极轴长27．2～19．5μm，赤道轴宽21．3～11．8μm．两属植物花粉的大小、表面纹饰、花粉粒萌发沟的沟裂宽度均有明显差别。研究结果表明，胡枝子属和米口袋属花粉的亚显微形态特征支持传统分类中的属、种级水平的分类。     

Review on aggregation of acid extractants in solvent extraction of metal ions: remark on the general model

The aggregation behavior of various acid extractants in the solvent extraction systems of metal ions is re-examined and explained according to knowledge obtained in recent work. The conclusions are as follows. (1) Complexes formed by the extractants and metal ions can form reversed micelles in organic diluents, depending on the microstructures of the complexes. The dimers of the acid extractant cannot percolate to the metal-extractant aggregates, and the acid-salt complexes are always formed in the aggregates. The reversed micelles or the W/O microemulsions formed by different species cannot be associated with each other to form a unified aggregate. (2) In solvent extraction systems, hydration of the extractants and metal ions can be considered as the driving force of forming reversed micelles. (3) Information of the first approach to the insight of the bicontinuous microemulsion of NaDEHP shows that various components in the aqueous phase behave confined and very similar to the typical AOT/n-heptane W/O microemulsions. (4) In the extraction of lanthanide ions by the W/O microemulsion of sodium naphthenate, the saponification is a process of forming reversed micelle or W/O microemulsion, while the extraction step is a process of destroying reversed micelles or W/O microemulsion droplets.     

Microstructure and functional morphology of the Early Cambrian problematical fossil Rhombocorniculum

Rhombocorniculum cancellatum from the Lower Cambrian of southern Shaanxi Province (South China) is represented by the dextral and sinistral tooth-like sclerites (both in nearly equal numbers), indicating that the body plan of the organism with these sclerites probably was bilaterian. The main feature of the microstructure of the sclerites is the presence of longitudinally arranged, mutually contiguous hollow tubules, the shared walls consisting of microcrystalline apatite. In transverse cross sections, the sclerite wall mainly exhibits a spongy structure, with pore size decreasing adapically. Functional morphological analysis indicates that the sclerites serve as a defensive rather than a grasping function.     

双孢蘑菇酵母菌病害药剂试验

假丝酵母菌(Candida sp．)、酵母菌(Saccharomyces sp．)是稻田栽培双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)中的一类新病原菌。描述了病原菌的形态特征、致病症状，作了实验室药敏试验。试验表明：克霉灵、灭菌威、甲醛等药剂可有效杀灭病原菌。     

蜘蛛丝拉伸变形行为的力学模型

根据大腹园蛛牵引丝力学性能的结构机理及其聚集态结构和形态结构特征，初步建立了以皮芯层结构为基础的蜘蛛丝拉伸力学模型，分析了皮芯层比例及结构对蜘蛛丝纤维力学性能的影响。以层状复合材料的拉伸变形为依据，分析了蜘蛛丝纤维的拉伸断裂过程与皮芯层性能间的关系。     

官能团化聚丙烯对Mg(OH)2/PP断裂形态的影响

制备了Mg(OH)2/PP及其官能团化聚丙烯（FPP），丙烯酸（AA）改性复合材料，用SEM研究了复合材料的冲击与弯曲断口形态。研究表明FPP或AA加入及其在DCP存在AA原位形成FPP强化Mg(OH）2）/PP复合材料中粒子与基体间的相互作用。改善界面黏结和改变复合材料的断裂行为。原位形成FPP改性Mg(OH)2/PP复合材料中作用更加明显，但其作用效果与AA，Mg(OH)2用量有关。     

一种基于偏微分方程的形态学边缘检测新方法

提出一种基于偏微分方程(PDE)的形态学腐蚀算子．在边缘检测中，直接对原图像求取一阶差分，利用该形态学腐蚀算子增强边缘梯度、降低噪声的影响，突破了传统的先低通滤波后计算梯度的边缘检测思路．形态学运算不会带来边缘位置的偏移，因此能够对图像的边缘准确定位，同时具有抗噪性．将新方法的边缘检测性能和Canny算子、Log算子做了比较，结果表明提出的边缘定位方法更加准确，具有更好的抗噪性能．