基于EM算法的水下目标辐射噪声模型参数估计

对水下目标辐射噪声的混合高斯模型进行参数估计时,针对极大似然函数很难求解的问题,研究了一种使用海洋环境噪声统计信息的期望值最大算法(EM算法).在对Bouvet和Schwartz水下目标辐射噪声信号和海洋环境噪声模型研究的基础上,修正了传统的EM统计算法,以降低计算的复杂度,提高迭代收敛速度.仿真结果和实船信号实验数据的一致性,表明基于EM算法的混合模型参数估计方法,使得参数估计复杂度降低,运算量明显减少,估计性能较好,具有很好的应用价值.     

Performance analysis of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise

Performance of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise is analyzed. First, mathematical model of impulsive noise is presented because it has non-Gaussian nature and is found in many wireless channels due to impulsive phenomena of radio-frequency interference. Then, with linear Log-MAP decoding algorithm for its low complexity, Turbo-Codes are adopted and analyzed in such communication channels. To confirm the performance of the proposed method, simulations on both static and fully interleaved fiat Rayleigh fading channels with impulsive noise have been carried out. It is shown that Turbo-Codes have a better performance than the conventional methods (e.g. convolutionally coded system).     

跟踪微分器滤波性能研究

对跟踪微分器的滤波性能进行了研究，由跟踪微分器滤波所产生的相位延迟，利用它能够得到的原始信号的滤波信号和其微分信号，采用预报的方法进行补偿。仿真结果表明，所采用的这种近似方法较好地再现了原始信号。在一个采样时间不固定，且采样信号带有噪声的应用实例中，采用变步长的跟踪微分器加预报的方法得到了较好的结果。     

随机数发生器的噪声模型与快速仿真

在随机数发生器设计过程中,采用Spice虽然能对模拟电路进行比较精确的仿真,但耗时太久,同时它的数据处理工作也非常繁琐,不易进行统计分析。为了解决这一问题,在分析了一个分段线性映射的、决定论混沌的随机数发生器的基础上,根据它的混沌公式提出了基本的仿真原理。为了提高仿真的准确性,针对CMOS电路中主要的噪声,即MOS管的热噪声与闪烁噪声,建立了二种噪声仿真模型。在分析电路行为的同时,逐步提出了采用MATLAB/Simulink的随机数发生器单元电路模型,然后建立了随机数发生器系统模型,实现了快速计算过程。最后给出了系统模型的仿真测试结果。     

ENTROPY,INFORMATION,NOISE—STUDIES ON SYSTEM EVOLUTION

Universe, ecosystem, social system, etc. are evolving systems. The evolving processes of thesesystems have gradual small changes and rapid drastic changes with uncertainties under the constraintsof environment. Systems, as a whole, are evolving toward complexity, diversity and variety withfluctuations and jumps. New order emerges from "mutations". The evolution is bothchance-dependent and path-dependent. In this paper three basics: entropy, information and noise areemphasized with regard to system evolution which is a field that can give people wisdom to solvesystem problems with domain knowledge.     

瑞利噪声环境中水下目标辐射信号增强算法

提出了基于高阶累积量广义函数迭代的自适应滤波算法，证明了该算法的收敛性，给出了广义函数的几种具体表示式。用该算法对瑞利噪声环境中水下目标辐射信号谱增强进行了仿真研究。结果表明：该算法具有很强的抑制瑞利(白或色)噪声的能力。因此，该算法在提高水下探测系统对水下目标的检测能力方面有重要的应用价值。     

舰船噪声的状态空间重构与特征压缩

介绍了以Takens的嵌入定理为基础的状态空间重构混沌信号处理方法，为了降低特征维数、减小特征成分的相关性、突出特征的差异性，同时引入了K-L(Karhtmen-Loeve)变换。利用舰船噪声信号的混沌特性，提出了一种基于状态空间重构与K-L变换相结合的特征提取方法，并用此方法对舰船噪声信号进行特征压缩。计算机仿真结果表明该方法具有较好的分类效果。     

背景辐射对拦截器导引头探测性能的影响分析

在综合考虑背景辐射、光学系统近场辐射、探测器及其后续处理电路和焦平面非均匀性噪声影响的基础上,建立了拦截器导引头红外传感器的探测性能模型。根据文献给定的拦截器导引头参数对模型进行了验证,并利用所建立的模型分析了背景辐射对拦截器探测性能的影响。提出的方法和模型具有通用性,可用于分析背景辐射影响下各种拦截器红外导引头的探测能力。     

大雨对飞机降落影响效应仿真研究与定量分析

为全面、定量分析大雨对飞机降落阶段的严重影响,选取波音737-300作为典型代表,首先对于降落阶段大雨造成的飞机性能损失进行了量级评估。然后重点针对降雨所导致的粗糙表面因素,利用CFD仿真方法和改进的湍流壁面函数,对于不同降雨强度下的波音737-300中段翼型气动性能进行了仿真模拟,给出了升阻力系数、失速攻角等定量结果,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明：大雨所导致的粗糙机翼表面将引起严重的气动性能损失。在降落阶段,对于波音737-300中段翼型而言,短时500毫米/小时降雨条件下,最大升力系数减少约28%,阻力系数平均增加达98.1%,失速攻角减小约5度。

Abstract：

Heavy rain might influence aerodynamic performance of an aircraft seriously, especially when it is landing. It requires an intensive investigation and quantitative analysis. Choosing Boeing 737-300 as the representative of aircraft, magnitude calculation for the penalty associated with severe rainfall was firstly made. Then the roughness factor was studied in detail using evolutional turbulence boundary function and CFD simulation tools. The aerodynamic character of Boeing 737-300 midspan airfoil was simulated under different rainfall environment. The quantitative results of lift-drag coefficients and stall angle were proposed and compared with experiment data. The results indicate that, the roughness surface caused by rainfall is most likely to cause significant aerodynamic penalties. For Boeing 737-300 midspan airfoil, when it is landing under severe rainfall of 500mm/hour over 30s periods, it could lead to the loss of maximum lift coefficient by about 28%, the decrease of stall angle by 5 and the increase of drag coefficient by 98.1%.     

闪烁输入下比例导引系统无量纲化研究

研究了目标闪烁输入下比例导引系统的无量纲化,得到了在闪烁输入下比例导引系统的脱靶量与弹目相对运动速度Vr无关,与噪声功率谱平方根Ka和系统动力学无阻尼自振频率的平方根(ω_n)~(1-2)成正比的结论,这些结论在工程实用中具有重要意义。