SnO2和TiO2薄膜在钙钛矿材料上的原子层沉积工艺

金属电极与卤素之间的扩散反应是造成钙钛矿太阳电池(PSC)衰退的重要因素,而利用原子层沉积(ALD)技术在金属电极和钙钛矿活性层之间沉积致密且电学性能良好的缓冲层,是解决上述问题的优选方案之一.本文主要研究了利用ALD技术在金属有机卤化物钙钛矿材料上沉积SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜的工艺兼容性问题.通过X线衍射和紫外-可见吸收光谱等技术,表征了分别作为钛源和锡源的四(二甲氨基)钛(TDMATi)和四(二甲氨基)锡(TDMASn)脉冲以及不同温度下水脉冲对钙钛矿薄膜结构的影响,分析了不同前驱体源的脉冲及吹扫时间对薄膜沉积模式的影响,获得了与钙钛矿材料相兼容的SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜的优化ALD工艺.将优化后的SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜ALD工艺应用于倒置PSC制备,对电池的J-V曲线和大气环境下的稳定性测试结果表明,基于ALD技术沉积的SnO₂和TiO₂缓冲层的引入,使得PSC的稳定性明显改善,而且其功率转换效率也有所提高.     

Different effects of substrates on the morphologies of single-walled carbon nanotubes

In this work, different effects of substrates on the morphologies of single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs） are studied. SWNTs were produced by floating catalytic chemical vapor deposition using CH4 as carbon source gas and Ar as carrier gas. Then the SWNTs were deposited on lithography-patterned different substrates. The as-grown SWNTs at the boundaries between SiO2 and metal were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It is found that SWNTs deposited on low-conductivity substrates trend to have curved morphologies and some of them form rings, while SWNTs deposited on metal sub- strates remain straight and orientated. The mechanism of these effects was also discussed, which is closely related to the thermal conductivities and the principle of energy dissipation.     

氧离子束辅助激光淀积生长ZnO/Si的XPS研究

利用X射线光电子能谱深度剖析方法对ZnO/Si异质结构进行了分析，用该法可生长出正化学比的ZnO，不过生长的ZnO薄膜存在孔隙，工艺还有待进一步改进。     

Investigation on the synthesis mechanism of β-FeSi2 prepared by pulsed laser deposition

The FeSi2 target alloy was fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy technology, and then, β-FeSi2 thin films was successfully prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the structure, composition, and their changes in the process of β-FeSi2 preparation. In addition, a laser sintering process was also employed to prepare FeSi2 alloy. The analysis of radiation heat transfers in different-sized FeSi2 melt indicates that the cooling rate of the melt depends on the size, i.e., the cooling rate of the micron sized melt is 103 times greater than that of the millimeter-sized melt. The product α-FeSi2 by laser sintering and β-FeSi2 by PLD reveals the different phase transition process in crystallization of milli-meter-sized and micron-sized (or submicron-sized) FeSi2 melt. The results of PLD preparation process shows that β-FeSi2 could be pre-pared through a liquid-phase sintering, followed by a rapid cooling.     

低温下超薄膜分形生长的Monte-Carlo模拟

用 Monte-Carlo方法模拟了不同沉积速率下超薄膜中多粒子扩散、多中心生长的动力学过程。成核率随沉积速率的增大呈指数上升 ,成核率随时间的增大而迅速下降 ;对于确定的沉积速率 ,各个粒子在衬底上的扩散步数相差非常大 ;粒子按扩散步数的分步具有多重分形的特性。     

PCVD过程中的等离子体诊断

本文综述了ＰＣＶＤ过程中等离子体各种粒子和基团的诊断技术和方法。结合我们的研究工作，着重分析诊断技术在发展过程中所碰到的难题及其解决办法和仍待解决的问题。     

激光合成纳米硅的红外光声光谱

利用光声技术对激光气相沉积的纳米硅进行了红外光声光谱的研究，考察了红外光声谱随退火处理和外加压力的变化行为，给出了纳米硅红外吸收峰的指认和解释，讨论了固态效应对吸收峰位置的影响。     

超载实验在优选化学镀镍工艺参数中的运用

镀液稳定性和沉积速度是衡量化学镍镀液优劣的两大重要参数．基于化学镀镍的基本原理，设计了超载实验．此实验不仅操作简单，而且可以横向比较出不同化学镀液的沉积速度和镀液稳定性．实验结果表明，在聚氨酯泡沫塑料基体上进行化学镀镍，它的最佳工艺参数是pH值为8．0左右，温度控制在45℃左右．     

基于FDM技术的多料口粒料3D打印 供料及挤料系统设计

FDM 3D打印机多采用由颗粒状热塑性材料加工而成的丝状热塑性材料,材料成本较高,且由于材料本身丝状的几何形状难以实现均匀混合,使得FDM彩色混色3D打印技术具有一定的局限性,难以实现多色混色打印。针对以上问题,根据传统挤出技术并结合熔融沉积(FDM)技术特点,研制了粒料式FDM 3D打印设备供料及挤出系统,原材料直接选用颗粒状塑料,并设计了多个进料口、储料仓和排气螺杆,进料采用穴播轮控制方式。设计结果可以实现不同颜色、不同塑料进料量的合理配比,使颗粒塑料实现充分熔化、加压、均化、排气、再均化、挤出过程,实现均质材质的粒料3D打印过程及多色混色打印过程。所提出的设计可以使用粒料直接进行3D打印,既降低了制料成本、缩短了制料周期,又实现了废料的有效利用,可为3D打印技术的发展提供参考。