聚氨酯材料的研究进展

聚氨酯材料是一类用途广泛的高分子材料.概述了近年来国内外聚氨酯材料的研究开发和应用进展,同时展示出聚氨酯产业的现状与发展方向.     

基于桐油包膜材料的包膜尿素的研究 (I)包膜材料的FTIR,DTA-TGA研究

 用FTIR和DTA-TGA联用技术研究了桐油包膜尿素中使用的桐油、桐油/无机调理剂混合物的红外吸收特征和热行为,用800℃热分解残重率法测定了包膜材料中桐油聚合物的实际含量.结果表明,包膜中桐油的双键特征吸收明显减少甚至消失,无机调理剂的引入使桐油聚合物在程序升温过程中的放热峰温向高温移动.在包膜率相近的情况下,由含有无机调理剂的桐油包膜材料制备的包膜尿素,包膜材料中桐油聚合物的含量越大,包膜尿素的缓释性就越好.     

当量粘度法判断RF树脂粘合性能的探讨

通过测量在线取样的间苯二酚-甲醛树脂(以下简称RF树脂)溶液的当量粘度，来间接判断RF树脂的粘合性能。在NaOH质量分数为0．25％、反应温度为25℃的条件下，分析得出在反应时间为5h、F／R=1．8时合成的RF溶液粘合性能较好。并对此试样进行红外光谱分析，分析结果与测当量粘度结果一致，说明当量粘度法问接判定RF树脂的粘合性能的可行性，对实际生产有一定的指导意义。     

聚氨酯胶黏剂剥离强度的研究

实验研究了用不同牌号的聚氨酯胶黏剂将PU弹性体与金属黏结在一起,采用不同的测试方法,即180°剥离强度实验方法和90°剥离强度实验方法,测定其剥离强度,比较得出了不同胶黏剂的黏合强度。     

Study and Application of Internal Coating Technique to Drag Reduction of the Trunk Pipeline for the West-East Gas Pipeline

Coverage layer coated in the internal wall of pipeline enables the friction drag to be reduced, the throughput and the gas transmission efficiency to be increased, the frequency of pigging and the number of the intermediate compressor station to be reduced, and the power consumption of the compressor to be decreased etc. The drag reduction is a high advanced scientific technique with outstanding economical benefit. The study and application of internal coating technique for drag reduction of 4000km trunk pipeline in West-East gas transmission pipeline (WEGTP) project are described, in which the main points are the drag reduction principle, coating process and the indoor study of this technique with own-decided knowledge property right at home.     

Nanoindentation response analysis of TiN-Cu coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

To investigate the change of the mechanical properties of soft metals doped PVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)coatings after the migration of soft metal to the surface, TiN-Cu coating was deposited on Si(100) by magnetron sputtering. The microstructure and mechanical properties at room temperature and after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ were investigated. The results showed that the grains were clustered and the microstructure was porous for TiN-Cu coating at room temperature, while many micro-and nano-sized Cu particles were observed on the surface after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃. The elastic properties of the TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300℃ degraded compared with that at room temperature. The hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating kept constant(3.7 GPa and 125.0 GPa, respectively) with the increase of nano-indentation depth, while the hardness and elasticity modulus of TiN-Cu coating after vacuum heat treatment at 300 ℃ increased gradually.     

激光重熔高速电弧喷涂FeNiCrAl涂层的组织与断裂韧性

采用激光技术对高速电弧喷涂FeNiCrAl涂层进行重熔处理.分析了重熔前后涂层的组织结构、物相成分、显微硬度与断裂韧性.结果表明:重熔后,喷涂层片层状堆叠结构与孔隙得到消除,组织结构变得均匀、致密,涂层与基体由机械结合变为冶金结合.喷涂层物相主要有α-Fe及金属间化合物AlFe₃,AlFe和Al_0.4Fe_0.6,重熔后,生成了新相Fe-Cr,［Fe, Ni］固溶体和碳化物NiC_○x.重熔后涂层的平均显微硬度为7.79GPa,约为基体硬度(2.5GPa)的3倍,约为喷涂层硬度(6.0GPa)的1.3倍.载荷为4.9,9.8N时,喷涂层的压痕尖头出现裂纹,涂层平均断裂韧性为1.20MPa·m^1/2,载荷为2.94~9.8N时,重熔后涂层的压痕尖头均没有观察到裂纹.     

医用可降解Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金耐蚀性及细胞毒性

采用仿生法在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面制备涂层,通过SEM,EDS和XRD分析表征涂层形貌和结构;采用电化学实验和浸泡腐蚀实验来研究涂层对合金降解速率的影响;采用生物毒性实验验证有无涂层Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金的毒性等级.实验结果表明:在Mg-3Zn-0.5Sr合金表面可以沉积致密的羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层,厚度约为30~40μm,HA涂层可以有效地降低Mg合金的降解速率;在体积分数为25%的有无涂层合金浸提液中培养细胞4d,细胞相对增值率均超过100%,有无涂层合金的细胞毒性均为0级.     

基于三点弯曲试验研究合金化镀层剥落机制

通过三点弯曲试验,利用电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)及金相显微镜(OM)研究了合金化镀锌板(GA)不同应力状态(压应力、拉应力)下裂纹的扩展、延伸及镀层的剥落.结果表明:锌层从合金化炉出来冷却过程中锌层中的裂纹产生于δ和Γ相中.在变形过程中,压应力和拉应力侧裂纹的扩展和锌层的剥落机制不同.在拉应力一侧,裂纹沿着垂直板面的方向延伸,到达Γ-αFe界面,沿着平行于Γ-αFe界面继续延伸,与第二条裂纹接触后,锌层剥落;在压应力一侧,裂纹沿着与板面成一定角度的方向扩展,最后镀层剥离或者在δ相内或者与拉应力一侧相同,到达Γ-αFe界面后,沿着Γ-αFe界面延伸最后产生破坏.实验结果还表明,镀层在压应力条件下更容易产生粉化现象.     

常用地坪涂料的应用

总结了常用地坪涂料的分类、用途,从实际的使用过程归纳出不同类别地坪涂料的适合配套和施工工艺,对用户地坪涂料的选取和实际施工都具有很好的指导作用。另外,对地坪涂料施工过程中容易出现的问题进行了总结,并根据实际情况提出了有效的避免和解决办法,从而能很好地指导地坪涂料的安全、有效使用。