Mechanisms of self-incompatibility in flowering plants

Self-incompatibility is a widespread mechanism in flowering plants that prevents inbreeding and promotes outcrossing. The self-incompatibility response is genetically controlled by one or more multi-allelic loci, and relies on a series of complex cellular interactions between the self-incompatible pollen and pistil. Although self-incompatibility functions ultimately to prevent self-fertilization, flowering plants have evolved several unique mechanisms for rejecting the self-incompatible pollen. The self-incompatibility system in the Solanaceae makes use of a multi-allelic RNase in the pistil to block incompatible pollen tube growth. In contrast, the Papaveraceae system appears to have complex cellular responses such as calcium fluxes, actin rearrangements, and programmed cell death occurring in the incompatible pollen tube. Finally, the Brassicaceae system has a receptor kinase signalling pathway activated in the pistil leading to pollen rejection. This review highlights the recent advances made towards understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in these self-incompatibility systems and discusses the striking differences between these systems. Received 10 May 2001; received after revision 20 June 2001; accepted 20 June 2001     

灰色关联分析在大麦种质综合评价上的应用

应用灰色关联分析法对高蛋白大麦种质进行综合评价,结果表明,该方法简单易行、结果全面、客观。     

Serotonin-stimulated protein phosphorylation in aortic smooth muscle cells

Summary The effects of serotonin on the formation of inositol phosphates and protein phosphorylation were examined in cultured smooth muscle cells. Serotonin stimulated the formation of [³H]inositol monophosphate, [³H]inositol bisphosphate and [³H]inositol trisphosphate. This effect was prevented by 5-HT₂ specific antagonist, 6-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)ergoline-8-carboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl ester [Z]-2-butenedioate (LY53857). Serotonin stimulated the phosphorylation of many polypeptides, among which a 20 kDa polypeptide was the most prominent. The phosphorylation was also inhibited by LY53857. LY53857 alone produced no effects on protein phosphorylation. The 20 kDa polypeptides were also phosphorylated by the addition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. These results suggest that serotonin stimulates protein phosphorylation through 5-HT₂ receptors and possibly activates protein kinase C in intact vascular smooth muscle cells.Part of the data contained in this paper was presented at the 74th local meeting of the Japanese Society of Pharmacology at Kanagawa.     

一个犬凝集素基因VIP36的人类同源基因cDNA的克隆、染色体定位和表达谱分析

从人的胎脑cDNA文库中克隆到一条犬凝集素基因VIP36的人类同源基因,此cDNA序列全长2430bp,拟编码一个382个氨基酸残基的蛋白,它编码的蛋白与犬VIP36有52％的同源性,因此将其命名为人类VIP36L基因,应用辐射杂交方法,钭该基因定位在人2号染色体的分子标记D2S388和D2S113之间,采用基因芯片杂交的方法研究其表达谱情况,发现该基因在胎皮和肝癌组织中表达量较高。     

绿色荧光蛋白基因mgfp4在水稻愈伤组织中的瞬时表达

采用基因枪方法将适用于高等植物的绿色荧光蛋白基因ｍｇｆｐ４转化到水稻愈伤组织之中,获得高效瞬时表达,在荧光显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜下观察到强烈绿色荧光。绿色荧光蛋白ｍＧＦＰ４生色团形成迅速,转化４ｈ后就能观察到绿色荧光,并且持续时间较长,２ｄ后才基本消退。     

Neurodegeneration changes in primary central nervous system neurons transfected with the Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein gene

The AD7c-NTP gene is over-expressed in brains with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and increased levels of the corresponding protein are detectable in cortical neurons, brain tissue extracts, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine beginning early in the course of AD neurodegeneration. In the present study, we utilized a novel method to transfect post-mitotic primary neuronal cell cultures, and demonstrated that over-expression of the AD7c-NTP gene causes cell death and neuritic sprouting, two prominent abnormalities associated with AD. These results provide further evidence that aberrantly increas-ed AD7c-NTP expression may have a role in AD-type neurodegeneration. In addition, we demonstrate that primary post-mitotic neurons can be efficiently transfected with conventional recombinant plasmid DNA to evaluate the effects of gene over-expression in relevant in vitro models. Received 31 January 2001; received after revision 31 March 2001; accepted 4 April 2001     

鲢鱼副产物蛋白酶水解时间的确定及对产物的影响

本文通过试验证明,水解时间影响水解度和蛋白回收率．进一步从凝胶色谱分析中可以看出,肽分子的分布是连续的。随着水解时间的延长,水解程度提高,小肽分子的数量增多。     

He—Ne激光对小麦RNA及可溶性蛋白合成的影响

采用不同功率密度和辐照时间的He-Ne激光处理小麦萌动种子,研究了其早期的生物学效应,结果显示：一定剂量的He-Ne激光照能促进小麦的萌发,并使其中的可溶性蛋白合成及RNA含量增加,在辐照剂量相同条件下,以不同功率密度与辐照时间进行处理所产生的生物效应不同,其中功率密度的影响辐照时间大,He-Ne激光的最佳辐照功率密度为319mW/cm^2,最佳辐照时间为2min。