喷射式坑槽修补机集料喷射效率研究

为提高喷射式坑槽修补机集料喷射效率,利用龙格库塔法求解了集料颗粒群的运动微分方程,分析了气流速度、管道内径、管道倾斜角、管道材料和集料空气体积比率对集料输送特性的影响.提出了适用于喷射式坑槽修补机气力输送系统工作效率的评价指标,在多变量条件下分析输送系统压降、功率消耗和工作效率的变化规律.得出了集料空气质量混合比、管道内径和气流速度等参数的设计匹配原则.实验对比结果表明:压降最小时的气流速度误差在10%以内,管道内径只需满足所输送的集料粒径和质量流率即可,高效的集料输送区间可选择集料空气质量混合比8~10,相应气流速度大小为20~25m/s.     

Method of adaptive PLL bandwidth adjustment without phase slipping

In a system based on the phase lock loop（PLL）, a trade-off must be made between the tracking precision and the dynamic performance if constant parameters are adopted. To overcome this drawback, a new method called no phase slipping adaptive bandwidth（NPS-AB） is proposed, which can adjust the loop bandwidth adaptively for different working conditions. As a result, both the tracking precision and the dynamic performance can be achieved concurrently. NPS-AB has two features to keep the loop stable： one is the capability of quick response to dynamics; the other is a series of additional constraints when the bandwidth is switched. Compared with other methods, there is no phase slipping during the adjustment process for NPS-AB. The phase integer ambiguity can be avoided and the phase value is kept valid. It is meaningful for carrier ranging systems. Simulation results show that NPS-AB can deal with sudden dynamics and keep the pseudo-range value stable in the entire dynamic process.     

基于原子能量熵和CSM的配电线路故障分类方法

针对配电线路上的故障分类问题,提出了一种结合原子能量熵和连续字符串匹配(CSM)的故障分类方法.通过分析故障信号的暂态特征,利用原子分解法得到故障暂态信号的主导原子以及对故障信息进行补充的次级原子,计算原子能量熵作为故障特征量,较完备地描述了故障特征.应用CSM进行故障分类节省了智能算法故障辨识中参数选择和优化的时间,通过建立的编码规则,将故障特征进行编码,搜索故障编码库,最终确定故障类型.通过仿真研究,验证了该算法的可行性与有效性.     

不确定的Lü系统的自适应Backstepping控制

混沌反控制模型Lü系统连接了著名的Lorenz系统和Chen系统,并代表了它们之间的连续演变.针对混沌系统的控制问题,已有很多控制方法.本文是针对Lü系统参数未知情形,研究了混沌控制在Lü系统中的问题,并将Lü系统转换成一种非线性的一般严格反馈形式,利用自适应Backstepping设计方法,针对Lü系统的三个未知参数,结合Lü系统的特性设计出一种新的自适应控制器,保证闭环系统全局稳定,仿真结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

一般非线性系统的鲁棒适应控制

主要对结构不确定性中含有未知参数和未知非线性函数的非线性系统,在参数上界未知的情况下,对参数进行在线估计,设计出适应控制器.     

高校文科课程考试效益最大化初探——以新闻学教学为例

现行文科考试的结果是学生一般只知道自己的分数而不能深入知晓为什么。考后有针对性地对试卷讲评,与学生交流,与应试者思维接轨,引导观点碰撞,引发创新火花,深化考题内容,拓展思考深度,充实完善考试工作环节,充分发挥考试反馈作用,力求使考试考核结果效益达到最大化。此做法在一些班级和小组进行初步尝试,取得了较好的效果。若大面积推广形成制度化还需要继续探索完善,需要进一步厘清考试功能,强化反馈作用,需要教学计划、考试管理、激励约束机制等诸多方面措施配套跟进。     

Prediction of sites under adaptive evolution in flavin-containing monooxygenases: Selection pattern revisited

Flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), like cytochrome P450 (CYP), is a monooxygenase that uses the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce one atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate. Recently, it was shown that some CYP isoforms have been subject to positive selection. However, it is unknown whether the highly conserved phase I detoxification enzyme, FMO, has undergone similar positive Darwinian selection. We used maximum-likelihood models of codon substitution, evolutionary fingerprinting, and cross species comparison to investigate the occurrence of adaptive evolution in FMO sequences. We used recent genomic data from a range of species, including vertebrates and invertebrates. We present the evidence for the occurrence of adaptive evolution in mammalian FMO 3, 4, 5, and fugu FMOs but not in mammalian FMO 1, FMO 2, frog FMOs, other fish FMOs and invertebrate FMOs. The sites under adaptive evolution were significantly associated with the insertion domain in mammalian FMO 5. We identified specific amino acid sites in FMOs 3–5 that are likely targets for selection based on the patterns of parallel amino acid change. The most likely role of adaptive evolution is the repair of mutations that permitted optimal NADP+ binding and improved catalytic efficiency. The occurrence of positive selection during the evolution of phase I detoxification enzymes such as FMOs 3–5 and fugu FMO suggests the occurrence of both high selection pressure acting on species within their unique habitats and significant changes in intensity and direction (forms of xenobiotics and drugs) resulting from changes in microhabitat and food.     

自适应模糊控制和PLC在中央空调控制系统中的应用

为克服中央空调控制系统舒适度调节能力差,能源浪费严重,可靠性低,通信实时性控制不高的不足,提出了一套基于自适应模糊控制方法,从系统的硬件构成、软件设计两个方面探讨了Simatic S7-300在中央空调控制系统中的应用.实际运行表明,该系统运行稳定、可靠、同时降低了能耗.     

中文密文数据库正则查询的研究与实现

为提高中文密文数据库查询的灵活性、便捷性、高效性,设计了一种新的密文索引结构。它通过登记汉字所在记录的记录标识以及汉字在属性值中的位置,来提供对中文正则查询的支持。在这种索引的基础上,提出了一系列正则查询处理算法,这些算法利用索引登记的汉字位置信息来筛选符合查询条件的记录。仿真实验证明,利用这种索引和算法,能够在中文密文数据库上实现正则查询,且算法的查询性能良好。     

Satellite Image Adaptive Restoration Using Periodic Plus Smooth Image Decomposition and Complex Wavelet Packet Transforms

A satellite image adaptive restoration method was developed that avoids ringing artifacts at the image boundary and retains oriented features. The method combines periodic plus smooth image decomposition with complex wavelet packet transforms. The framework first decomposes a degraded satellite image into the sum of a "periodic component" and a "smooth component". The Bayesian method is then used to estimate the modulation transfer function degradation parameters and the noise. The periodic component is deconvoluted using complex wavelet packet transforms with the deconvolution result of the periodic component then combined with the smooth component to get the final recovered result. Tests show that this strategy effectively avoids ringing artifacts while preserving local image details (especially directional textures) without amplifying the noise. Quantitative comparisons illustrate that the results are comparable with previous methods. Another benefit is that this approach can process large satellite images with parallel processing, which is important for practical use.