乙酰甲胺磷对尾草履虫和绿草履虫的急性毒性作用

以两种草履虫作为受试生物,比较研究了乙酰甲胺磷胁迫下的急性毒性作用.随着药物浓度增高,乙酰甲胺磷对两种草履虫的毒性增大,且呈明显的剂量效应关系;试验测定尾草履虫和绿草履虫1 h和12 h半致死浓度LC50分别为:11.972,3.191 1,10.928和2.901 1 mg/L,其中LC50 95%的可信限分别为:10.894～13.113 mg/L,2.895 7～3.512 1 mg/L,9.905 5～13.113 mg/L 和2.646 5～3.163 9 mg/L.回归分析了死亡概率单位与浓度对数之间存在着线性关系.草履虫可以成为乙酰甲胺磷敏感的毒性评价生物,绿草履虫作为环境污染的安全评价生物其敏感度更高.     

治疗急性脑梗死加用依达拉奉30例疗效观察

目的 用常规治疗药物对比,观察加用依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效,评价这种新型羟自由基清除剂的有效性和安全性.方法 收集发病<72 h的急性脑梗死病例共60例,其中,30例用常规治疗方案为对照组,30例在常规治疗基础上加用依达拉奉注射液30 mg,静脉滴注,2次/d,共2周,为治疗组.治疗前后定期对患者进行ESS评分,以治疗后第1周,第2周和第3周ESS评分作为主要疗效判断标准.结果 第1周对照组和治疗组的ESS评分分别为67.3±14.47,72.39±16.37,两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05);两周后对照组和治疗组ESS评分分别为72.3±15.4,76.9±15.8,两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01);3周后对照组和治疗组ESS评分分别为75.9±14.7,81.8±14.7,两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论 依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死方便实用,是一种有效、安全的神经保护剂,可在缺血性脑血管病的治疗中广泛应用.其强大的自由基清除功能对神经有保护作用,对急性缺血性脑卒中患者是非常有益的.     

弱激光照射周氏新对虾心脏细胞的显微和超微结构观察

采用He-Ne激光照射周氏新对虾的心脏组织.组织学和生物统计学表明:He-Ne激光照射后,心脏组织具有明显异染色质的细胞数量有所增加.在同一照射强度的情况下,照射的时间越长,其心脏组织具有明显异染色质的细胞数量就越多;电镜观察结果表明:经过2 h照射立即取材的心肌细胞,细胞核形态发生变化,异染色质增加,线粒体出现空泡化、嵴断裂、水肿,粗面内质网出现扩张、颗粒脱落.     

2种农药对牛蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性试验研究

用甲胺磷、草甘膦对牛蛙蝌蚪进行急性毒性试验,每间隔2 h观察、记录一次牛蛙蝌蚪的自然状况、死亡尾数、体色及活动状况;同时测定水温、室温、及水体溶解氧。结果表明,甲胺磷对牛蛙蝌蚪的24 h的半致死质量浓度为0.83 g/L,安全质量浓度为0.083 g/L;草甘膦对牛蛙蝌蚪的24 h半致死质量浓度为11.57g/L,安全质量浓度为1.157 g/L。     

Pb~(2+)和Cu~(2+)对水螅的急性毒性作用以及对SOD活性的影响

采用急性毒性实验方法研究了不同质量浓度的Pb2+和Cu2+对水螅急性毒性作用(LC50),并且测定了经Pb2+和Cu2+胁迫后水螅体内SOD的变化.结果表明,2种重金属离子毒性大小顺序为Cu2+Pb2+.Cu2+和Pb2+对水螅24,48,72,96h的LC50分别为0.33,0.28,0.24,0.22mg/L和2.17,2.05,1.58,1.04mg/L,其安全质量浓度分别为0.022mg/L和0.104mg/L.通过0.6,0.7mg/L的Pb2+溶液对水螅SOD的24h实验起抑制作用,与对照组相比,SOD活性急剧下降,变化显著(P0.05);0.7,1.5,2.0mg/L的高质量浓度溶液对水螅SOD活性基本上没有变化.通过0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30,0.35mg/L的Cu2+溶液对水螅SOD的24h实验起诱导作用,水螅的SOD活性基本上呈上升趋势,在质量浓度为0.30~0.35mg/L的范围内,SOD活性急剧上升,与对照组相比,变化显著(P0.05).     

瑞替普酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效观察

目的:研究ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死(STEMI)发病后不同时间溶栓的疗效和不良反应.方法:对86例住院的STEMI患者用瑞替普酶行溶栓治疗,依据发病到溶栓开始的时间将86例患者分为三组:A组≤lh (n=28),B组>lh,但<6h(n=36),C组>6h,但≤12h(n=22),观察梗塞相关动脉(IRA)的开通率、5周病死率和溶栓副作用.结果:IRA开通率:A组92.9%(26/28),B组86.1%(31/36),C组45.5%(10/22),C组与A、B两组差异性显著(P<0.01),A、B两组间无显著性差异(P>0.05).病死率:A组、B组和C组的5周病死率分别为0%(0/28),2.77%(1/36)和4.54%(1/22).A、B两组间无显著性差异[0%(0/28)vs 2.77%(1/36),P>0.05],A组与C组有显著性差异[0%(0/28)VS 4.54%(1/22),P<0.01],B组与c组有显著性差异[2.77%(1/36)V8 4.54%(1/22),P<0.01],三组中均无包括脑出血在内的重大出血并发症.结论:瑞替普酶溶栓治疗STEMI疗效好、安全性高.     

生甘草与大叶海藻配伍后部份药理实验研究

本文观察了生甘草、大叶海藻及其合剂对小鼠的急性毒性作用及镇痛作用,对离体蛙心,家兔离体小肠运动的影响,为甘草与大叶海藻的伍用提供了部份实验数据。     

The outbreak pattern of the SARS cases in Asia

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused tremendous damage to many Asia countries, especially China. The transmission process and outbreak pattern of SARS is still not well understood. This study aims to find a simple model to describe the outbreak pattern of SARS cases by using SARS case data commonly released by governments. The outbreak pattern of cumulative SARS cases is expected to be a logistic type because the infection will be slowed down due to the increasing control effort by people and/or due to depletion of susceptible individuals. The increase rate of SARS cases is expected to decrease with the cumulative SARS cases, as described by the traditional logistical model, which is widely used in population dynamic studies. The instantaneous rate of increases were significantly and negatively correlated with the cumulative SARS cases in mainland of China (including Beijing, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanxi,the Autonomous Region of Inner Mongolia) and Singapore. The basic reproduction number R0 in Asia ranged from 2.0 to 5.6 (except for Taiwan, China). The R0 of Hebei and Tianjin were much higher than that of Singapore, Hongkong, Beijing, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, indicating SARS virus might have originated differently or new mutations occurred during transmission. We demonstrated that the outbreaks of SARS in many regions of Asia were wall described by the logistic model, and the control measures implemented by governments are effective. The maximum instantaneous rate of increase, basic reproductive number, and maximum cumulative SARS cases were also calculated by using the logistic model.     

Detecting myocardial ischemia with 2-D CVIB imaging method--an in vivo animal experiment study

A 2-D cyclic variation of integrated backscatter (CVIB) imaging method was established for detecting myocardial ischemia. To demonstrate the feasibility and validity of this method, animal experiments were conducted. Acute myocardial ischemia was induced by occluding left anterior descending coronary artery in 10 anesthetized open-chest dogs. While scanning the normal hearts and the ischemic hearts with a B scanner, digital radiofrequency data were acquired by a real-time acquisition system in synchronism. The offline analysis to the radio-frequency signal with the 2-D CVIB imaging method was performed to verify the consistency between the imaging result and the design of the experiment. In addition, 4 dogs in experiment were treated with the heart pacemaker in order to investigate the influence of changing in heart rate on the detection of ischemic myocardium with the proposed method. The experimental result showed that the 2-D CVIB imaging method succeeded in detecting the ischemic myocardium and is a new non-invasive way for the cardiologists to both quantitatively and visually evaluate the contractile performance of the myocardium.     

减量运动训练对急性肺栓塞患者康复状况的影响

研究减量运动训练对急性肺栓塞患者康复状况的影响,选择某大型综合医院的急性肺栓塞患者80例作为研究对象,随机将其划分成减量运动组和对照组,对照组在实验期间不进行任何形式的运动,减量运动组共进行6周的减量运动训练。结果减量运动组实验前后形态学指标之间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);实验后减量运动组BMI、腰臀比和对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),腰围、臀围与对照组相比存在显著性差异(P0.01)。减量运动组血脂指标、血糖和胰岛素实验后与实验前相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),尿酸实验前后有显著性差异(P0.01);实验后减量运动组甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖和胰岛素与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿酸与对照组相比存在显著性差异(P0.01)。减量运动组实验后静脉血流速度明显高于实验前,差异具有显著性(P0.01);减量运动组实验后静脉血流速度明显高于对照组,差异具有显著性(P0.01)。减量运动组肺容量指标实验后与实验前相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);实验后减量运动组VC、IRV、TV与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。减量运动组FVC%实验后与实验前相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),MVV实验前后有显著差异(P0.01);实验后减量运动组FVC、MVV与对照组相比存在显著性差异(P0.01)。减量运动训练有助于急性肺栓塞患者的康复。