组织的系统结构定义探讨

为了解释现实中存在的,有着相同的组织部门结构却有着不同的功能,似乎与“系统的结构决定其功能”的系统原理相矛盾的现象,在肯定结构决定功能的系统原理、在系统结构的一般定义以及切克兰德的系统分类的基础上,借鉴有关悖论的智能,提出了“系统的类型不同,共结构的具体定义也应不同”的观点,由此得出了直接移植“被设计系统”的结构定义到组织导致了上述矛盾的结论,并进一步给出了作为“人类活动系统”的组织的结构定义,还用案例对这个定义的意义做了说明。     

国防科研中有关项目选题的探讨

在国防科研领域中 ,项目从选题、投资到研究开发都应遵循内在的科学规律。在分析国防项目主题发展一般规律的基础上 ,就科研项目选题原则和切入点问题展开讨论。引入“两头大象”理论 ,形象地揭示选题的内在依据。最后以一个由师生组成的典型科研小组为背景 ,就工程和基础理论两类研究的投入时机和权重问题建立决策模型 ,并给出了模型的数值结果及一些结论。     

试论当代高技术的特征

当今世界,经济飞速发展,科技创新日新月异,特别是技术革命的爆发,高技术层出不穷,使当今世界经济的发展出现了质的飞跃。我国面临世界经济形势和高科技的挑战,应把握高技术的特征,发展高科技,为实现我国的战略目标服务。     

紫外线诱变康宁木霉提高酶活力的研究

通过对康宁木霉菌种的诱变、筛选和固体发酵培养,研究了培养基、培养时间、诱变时间及pH值对诱变菌所产酶的活力的影响．结果表明,康宁木霉经诱变5min,在pH为6．0的玉米秸PDA培养基上培养72h,产生的C1酶和Cx酶的酶活力较高,C1酶的酶活力由73u／g提高到176u／g,增加了2．41倍,Cx酶的酶活力由798u／g提高到2069u／g,增加了2．59倍．     

攀枝花方言词类考察

词类是词法的重要内容。本文在《攀枝花方言词形研究》的基础上,对攀枝花方言的词类作了全面考察。文中例举了各类词的土词词以及俗语的特殊说法和某些特殊用法。     

Construction of ice nucleation active <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> for control of insect pests

Ice nucleation active(INA)bacteria are the most potent heterogeneous ice nuclei in nature,which have become an important biological resource for diverse applications.Many researches have proved that INA bacteria can raise the supercooling points(SCPs)of insect pests,then reduce their cold hardiness.However,INA bacteria‘s inefficient colonization on the surface or in the guts of insects,and the high incidence of frost injury induced by their release hampered the application of INA bacteria in controlling insect pests in agricultural fields.In this study,we constructed a recombinant plasmid mob-Tn5-iceA with the ability of broad-host-range conjugal mobilization and integration of the ina gene of icaA into chromosomal DNA of many gram-negative bacteria by Tn5 transposition.In addition,Ent.cloacae strains stably carrying iceA and expressing high ice nucleation activity(INA),even in the absence of antibiotic pressure,were constructed through conjugal mobilization and Tn5 transposition.Ent,cloacae strains have benn reported to be able to efficently colonize in the guts of insects,but have weak plant epiphytic ability.Therefore,these transgenic Ent.Cloacae may be promising candidates for control of insect pests in agricultural fields.     

Expression of recombinant human lysozyme in the milk of transgenic mice

Human lysozyme is a 130-aa (amino acid) alkaline polypeptide, and has both anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties which make it an important component of human natural immunity system. As a first step toward the ultimate goal of improving the anti-bacterial properties of bovine and ovine milk, a transgenic mouse that contains the genomic DNA sequence of the human lysozme gene has been generated for the first time. From 83 mice generated by microinjection, a total of 6 positive transgenic mice were identified by PCR and Southern blot. F1 mice positive for transgene in lines were also detected by PCR. This shows that transgene could be transmitted from founder transgenic mice to their offspring. Recombinant human lysozyme (rHlys) was found in the whey of 3 female positive transgenic mice by Western blot. The highest concentration of rHlys for transgenic mice was 0.2mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the whey for transgenic mice was highly enhanced up to 0.4 times as much as that of human, while that of non-transgenic mouse was very low. Although the lysozyme activity of transgenic mice is still lower than that of human, the rHlys exhibits the same specific activity as that of human lysozyme. It provides a strong basis for further studies into the possible application of rHlys express in mammary gland.     

扶绥黑叶猴日漫游的活动类型和发生高峰

从2001年3月至12月研究了野外黑叶猴的活动类型及发生高峰．在日漫游过程中,黑叶猴有7种活动类型,其中休息占时间最多,其次是觅食和移动．作为对适应环境的特征之一,黑叶猴选择了长时间的中午休息和两个觅食高峰的对策．食物可获得性的增加将提高休息的时间,减少觅食和运动时间。