指数分布场合下序时应力加速寿命试验的矩估计

讨论了指数分布场合下序进应力加速寿命试验的矩估计问题。     

基于Copula函数选择的多元退化产品可靠性模型

针对含有多个退化量的产品可靠性评估问题,提出了一种基于Copula函数选择的可靠性建模方法。首先,采用Anderson-Darling统计量对退化量进行拟合优度检验,选择其最优分布函数;其次,绘制退化量分布函数中的分布参数随测量时间的变化曲线,判断其与时间和应力的相关性;再次,给出一种选择Copula函数的综合方法,该方法结合了三种常用的选择方法;同时,采用两步似然估计法对未知参数进行了评估;最后,通过硫化丁腈橡胶O型密封圈进行恒定应力加速退化试验对方法的正确性进行了实例验证,并且与二维正态分布模型、形状参数为常数时的可靠性评估结果进行了对比分析。分析结果表明,给出的方法具有更好的实用性和更广泛的应用。     

Optimum design of equivalent accelerated life testing plans based on proportional hazards-proportional odds model

The optimum design of equivalent accelerated life testing plan based on proportional hazards-proportional odds model using D-optimality is presented.The defined equivalent test plan is the test plan that has the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix.The equivalent test plan of step stress accelerated life testing(SSALT) to a baseline optimum constant stress accelerated life testing(CSALT) plan is obtained by adjusting the censoring time of SSALT and solving the optimization problem for each case to achieve the same value of the determinant of Fisher information matrix as in the baseline optimum CSALT plan.Numerical examples are given finally which demonstrate the equivalent SSALT plan to the baseline optimum CSALT plan reduces almost half of the test time while achieving approximately the same estimation errors of model parameters.     

相似产品步进应力加速寿命试验的统计分析

本文将单组样本的步进应力加速寿命试验(SSALT)拓展到双样本情形.基于累积失效模型(CEM),对两组指数产品的联合Ⅱ型截尾数据进行综合分析.首先,计算未知参数的极大似然估计(MLE),并利用矩母函数(MGF)建立其条件概率分布.然后,采用两种方法,基于概率分布的精确分析方法和参数的Bootstrap方法,构建参数的置信区间(CIs).以覆盖率作为评价标准,对两种方法的区间估计效果进行分析.最后,通过数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性.     

快速测定构件疲劳极限可靠性的探讨

用两组不同终加工方法的试件进行快速测定疲劳极限，以考察快速法测定试件疲劳极限的可靠性，利用ｌｇＮｐ＝ａｐ＋ｂｐｌｇＳ计算材料在不同可靠度下的疲劳极限。试验结果表明，用快速法确定试件的疲劳极限有较好的准确性。     

25SCY14－1B型轴向柱塞泵失效机理研究及寿命提高

本文对２５ＳＣＹ１４－１Ｂ型轴向柱塞泵进行了恒定载荷、冲击载荷、高速及高温等四种工况下的可靠性研究，较完整地掌握了该泵的失效机理、失效模式、失效分布，对泵的寿命特性进行了科学评价．在此基础上，针对泵的薄弱环节提出了提高泵可靠性的有效措施，使泵的寿命提高了１．６倍以上．此外，研究工作还确定了加速寿命试验的理论和实践依据，证明了以压力、转速为加速因子的有效性和可行性．     

A morphometric study of spermatogenesis in the testes of mice of a senescence accelerated strain

The morphometric parameters of spermatogenic cells in a mouse strain prone to accelerated senescence (SAM-P), a novel murine model of spontaneously promoted aging, were compared with those of a SAM resistant strain (SAM-R) after birth until 40 weeks (mean life span of SAM-P). A mixture of gonocytes and spermatogonia were present in the testis in 1-week-old mice, and no gonocytes were observed in 2-week-old mice. At 6 weeks of age, the absolute number of spermatogonia in SAM-P was 27% greater than that in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was 17% less than in SAM-R. Primary spermatocytes were first observed in 3-week-old animals, and the cell numbers in SAM-P at 3, 5 and 6 weeks were 78%, 31% and 25%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in SAM-P at 40 weeks was 30% less than SAM-R. Round spermatids were first observed in all SAM-P at 4 weeks old, but 20% of SAM-r had no spermatids and the rest had only a few. At 5 and 6 weeks old, the absolute numbers of round spermatids in SAM-P was about 34% and 41%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was about 34% less than SAM-R. These results indicate that testicular maturation begins at an earlier age in SAM-P than SAM-R. Furthermore, at the age of 40 weeks signs of testicular deterioration are evident in SAM-P mice only     

关于序进应力加速寿命试验中若干问题的探讨

采用若干基本假定,用分段函数连续化方法,给出了在恒定应力条件下寿命服从指数分布或威氏分布的产品,在序进应力加速寿命试验中的寿命分布;并给出了在加速寿命方程满足逆幂律且等速加载情况下的具体分布形式.文中还利用序进应力试验中所获得的数据,应用极大似然估计法估计加速寿命方程与寿命分布中的参数,并对参数估计值的性质进行了讨论.     

渗硼层红硬性的研究

本文较系统地研究了双相组织FeB+Fc_2B渗硼层经不同温度加热后硬度的变化,给出了一系列硬度分布曲线,对高温工作的零件渗硼将有指导意义。     

加速寿命试验Bayes方法的一个注记

本文在失效分布未知条件下,使用Bayes方法在先验分布取为负对数Gamma分布的情况下,首先给出各种应力水平下平均失效率的估计,然后利用这些估计值给出加速寿命模型,从而得到正常应力下的平均失效率估计。本文最后通过一个数值例子,详细地叙述了使用这种方法的全过程。