Novel flexible broadband microwave absorptive fabrics coated with graphite nanosheets/polyurethane nanocomposites

Graphite nanosheets (GNS) were prepared by surfactant assisted ultrasonication from expanded graphite (EG) and followed by coating onto vinylon fabrics with water-borne polyurethane (WPU). The morphology of GNS and GNS/polyurethane (PU) coatings was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and the structure of GNS was studied by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electromagnetic (EM) parameters indicated that GNS is a kind of dielectric loss material, in which little magnetic loss is found. Reflection loss (RL) results showed that both GNS content and coated thickness had great influences on the microwave absorption. For the fabric coated with GNS/PU nanocomposites (30/100 by weight, wet thickness of 0.39 mm for dry areal density in 130 g/m2), RL values exceeding 5 dB could be obtained in the frequency range of 10.7–18 GHz, while 10 dB in 12.7–18 GHz, and a minimum value of 28 dB at 15.2 GHz. These GNS/PU coated fabrics are light and flexible with much thin and low-cost coated layer, and showed great potential in radar camouflaging and electromagnetic interference application.     

硫磺改性吸附剂脱除实验室中气态汞的实验研究

文章采用冷原子吸收法,选用经硫磺改性的活性炭和沸石对实验室中气态汞的吸附性能进行了实验研究。结果表明,改性后的活性炭和沸石对气态汞的脱汞率均有明显的提高,如对汞质量浓度560μg/m3的汞蒸气,负载8%硫的活性炭的脱汞率为90%,而未改性的活性炭的脱汞率为77%,负载8%硫的沸石相比于未改性的沸石的脱汞率由47%提升到67%。从经济角度分析,沸石脱汞比活性炭的经济效益更好。     

乙醇胺/多胺的脱碳研究

工业应用于烟气脱CO2的吸收剂以乙醇胺(MEA)水溶液为主,提高其性能是吸收法脱CO2的关键。对相同浓度的MEA及其与4种多胺,包括N-(2-羟乙基)乙二胺(AEEA)、哌嗪（PZ）、二乙烯三胺(DETA)和三乙烯四胺(TETA),所组成的混胺水溶液(MEA/多胺)对CO2的吸收、再生性能和腐蚀性开展了实验研究。实验结果表明,多胺含量较低的MEA/多胺的吸收和再生性能都较MEA所有提高,腐蚀速度较MEA降低。但是多胺含量增大,再生率有所降低。因此,适当含量多胺的MEA/多胺是较MEA高效的吸收剂;4种混胺中,MEA/DETA和MEA/TETA性能最优。     

Significant effects of branches and bromine substitution of near-infrared two-photon photosensitizers on the generation of singlet oxygen

This letter reports the influence of branches and bromine substitution of the photosensitizers on one-and two-photon absorption generation of singlet oxygen.Near-infrared femtosecond Ti:squassier laser was utilized to determine two-photon properties of the photosensitizers tuning wavelength from 700 to 880 nm at intervals of 20 nm.One-and two-photon optical and photophysical properties of the photosensitizers show significant dependence on the branches and substituted bromine atoms.     

Evaluating cellulose absorption index （CAI） for non-photosynthetic biomass estimation in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia

Accurate estimation of non-photosynthetic biomass is critical for modeling carbon dynamics within grassland ecosystems.We evaluated the cellulose absorption index(CAI),widely used for monitoring non-photosynthetic vegetation coverage,for non-photosynthetic biomass estimation.Our analysis was based on in situ hyperspectral measurements,during the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010,in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia.ASD(Analytical Spectral Device)-derived and Hyperion-derived CAI were found to be effective for non-photosynthetic biomass estimation,yielding relative error(RE) values of 26.4% and 26.6%,respectively.The combination of MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)-derived(MODIS2 MODIS5)/(MODIS2 +MODIS5) and(MODIS6 MODIS7)/(MODIS6 +MODIS7) showed a high multiple correlation(multiple correlation coefficient,r=0.884) with ASD-derived CAI.A predictive model involving the two MODIS indices gave greater accuracy(RE=28.9%) than the TM(Landsat Thematic Mapper)-derived indices.The latter were the normalized difference index(NDI),the soil adjusted corn residue index(SACRI),and the modified soil adjusted crop residue index(MSACRI).These indices yielded RE values of more than 42%.Our conclusions have great significance for the estimation of regional non-photosynthetic biomass in grasslands,based on remotely sensed data.     

锌细菌叶绿素a和镁细菌叶绿素a氧化还原势的比较

在光合体系中,叶绿素分子可以和不同的氨基酸配位.笔者用密度泛函方法,研究了不同氨基酸与镁细菌叶绿素a和锌细菌素a配位时,离解能和氧化还原势的变化情况.计算及分析结果表明,镁细菌叶绿素a分子中的金属镁原子被锌原子取代后,氧化还原势变化不大.并且不同氨基酸分子与2种细菌叶绿素分子配位时,所引起氧化还原势的变化可以弥补因镁被锌取代所引起的变化.这2种互补的作用使得锌细菌叶绿素a分子在光合作用中仍然是一种很好的电子传递体.最后用TDDFT方法,计算了2种细菌叶绿素a分子在气相中的吸收光谱.结果表明锌细菌叶绿素a的吸收光谱相对于镁细菌叶绿素a的吸收光谱有6～7nm的蓝移,这与实验结果相吻合.     

Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜的低温制备及光吸收性能研究

将不同比例的Ti粉和Fe粉的混合粉末加入到质量分数为30%的H2O2溶液中,然后把Ti片浸入其中,保持80℃低温反应72h,在Ti片上形成了Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜。利用X射线衍射仪,扫描电子显微镜,紫外-可见光谱仪等多种手段对薄膜的结构及光吸收性能进行了研究。结果表明,在Ti片表面形成了结构较为疏松的锐钛矿相Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜;与未掺杂的TiO2薄膜相比,不同Fe粉含量生成的Fe掺杂TiO2薄膜的紫外-可见光吸收边均发生明显红移,禁带宽度均有所减小;掺Fe量为3%时,TiO2薄膜的禁带宽度减小至3.04eV。     

微波消解原子吸收标准加入法测定底泥中镉的方法研究

底泥是水产养殖环境中(如池塘)底部有机、无机碎屑和土壤的混合物,成分较复杂,为准确测定底泥中镉的含量,比较研究了原子吸收标准加入法和浓度法的测定结果。结果表明:标准加入法与浓度法相比回收率好、精密度高,适合底泥样品的大批量检测。     

热原子系综中双暗共振及亚多普勒吸收谱的实现

分别通过实验和数值模拟给出了在四能级倒Y模型原子系统中的双窗口电磁感应透明现象. 结果表明,    通过调解2个耦合场的失谐可控制透明窗口的位置. 双窗口电磁感应透明现象的物理本质是由于2个耦合场同时作用于原子系统中而形成的双暗共振,   同时双暗共振间的相互作用将探测场在目标频率处的吸收谱线压窄, 并在实验上得到频谱宽度（半高宽）约为30 MHz的探测场共振吸收谱线.     

荆芥不同部位3种重金属元素含量的比较分析

测定荆芥药材不同药用部位中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、镍(Ni)3种重金属元素的含量,比较分析荆芥不同部位的污染状况.对荆芥样品进行湿法消解,采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定样品中Pb、Cd、Ni含量,以质量分数2%磷酸二氢铵-1.67%硝酸镁作为基体改进剂测定Pb、Cd;以质量分数0.2%硝酸钯-2%磷酸二氢铵作为基体改进剂测定Ni.Pb、Cd、Ni的测定波长分别为283.3、228.8和232.0 nm,灯电流分别为10、6和25 mA;狭缝分别为0.7、0.7和0.2 L.Pb、Cd、Ni元素线性关系分别为Y=0.002 8X+0.002 7(r=0.998 9)、Y=0.034 8X+0.005 4(r=0.998 3)和Y=0.002 9X+0.004 3(r=0.998 4),回收率为98.2%~102.9%;荆芥梗中Pb、Cd和Ni的质量分数测定结果分别为0.55~0.95、0.05~0.11和0.1~1.22 mg/kg;荆芥穗质量分数测定结果分别为0.58~1.73、0.03~0.14和0.18~1.42 mg/kg.重金属元素Pb、Cd、Ni检测方法可靠,随着采收时间延长,重金属元素易由荆芥梗向荆芥穗中富集,为荆芥重金属限度质量标准制定以及临床用药部位的选择提供参考.