淡水鱼加工副产物新鲜度对速酿鱼露品质的影响

以淡水鱼加工副产物为原料,经过不同条件的储藏后得到不同新鲜度的副产物,分别接种米曲霉后置35℃发酵30d制备鱼露。对副产物和鱼露的理化特性进行评价,结果表明,副产物经储藏后品质发生不同程度的变化:常温储藏4h后,副产物的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸及菌落总数均比冰藏和冻藏副产物的相关指标高,而冰藏8h副产物的相关指标则高于冰藏4h副产物的指标;以常温储藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得的鱼露,其氨基酸态氮、总可溶性氮含量最高,然而其TVB-N和三甲胺含量也最高;以冰藏4h的副产物为原料发酵所得鱼露的生物胺总量和组胺含量最高。副产物经常温4h储藏后其理化特性发生了一定改变,但并未对鱼露的整体品质产生显著的不良影响,因此,淡水鱼加工副产物在常温储藏4h以下可以用于速酿鱼露的发酵。     

草鱼皮酶解工艺及水解物对嗜热链球菌增殖作用研究

首次研究了水产品蛋白酶解物对乳酸菌的增殖作用。选择草鱼皮为原料,通过蛋白酶Protease P“Amano”6对其进行酶解,其水解物可以作为培养嗜热链球菌增殖的氮源。同时以水解度和水解物对嗜热链球菌的增殖效果为评价指标,并利用正交实验对酶解工艺进行了优化。结果表明,蛋白酶Protease P“Amano”6对草鱼皮最佳的酶解条件为:加酶量3%、料水比1∶3(m/V)、酶解时间7 h、pH 8.0、反应温度45℃。     

基于改进YOLOv5的鱼眼图像目标检测算法

针对自动驾驶场景下车载鱼眼相机采集到的图像存在畸变严重、场景复杂、尺度变化剧烈、小目标多以及传统的目标检测模型的检测精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于YOLOv5s改进的鱼眼图像检测模型YOLOv5s-R.首先,为解决小目标难识别的问题,提出随机裁剪多尺度训练的数据增强方法,该方法优于消融实验所得的最优数据增强方法.其次,为了提高模型的检测精度,在网络头部添加置换注意力机制与轻量化解耦头,增强模型对特征的提取能力与识别能力,并抑制噪声干扰.最后,模型额外增加角度预测项,实现旋转框目标检测.通过构建环形标签并用高斯函数对标签平滑,解决了旋转框角度的周期性问题;又对损失函数进行了优化,提出了RIOU,在CIOU的基础上增加角度惩罚项,提高了回归精度并加快了模型的收敛.实验结果表明,提出的YOLOv5s-R模型在WoodScape数据集上取得良好的检测效果,相比于原始的YOLOv5s模型,mAP@0.5、mAP@0.5∶0.95分别提升了6.8%、5.6%,达到82.6%、49.5%.     

罗非鱼鳞胶原蛋白提取工艺研究

研究用胃蛋白酶从罗非鱼鳞中提取胶原蛋白的工艺。根据测定水解液中羟脯氨酸(HYP)的含量计算胶原蛋白提取率,采用单因素和正交试验确定胃蛋白酶水解鱼鳞制备胶原蛋白的适宜酶解条件。结果表明,采用底物质量分数7%,胃蛋白酶酶解罗非鱼鳞制备胶原蛋白的适宜温度、pH、加酶量、时间分别为65℃、2.0、2%、2 h。在适宜工艺条件下,胶原蛋白提取率可达94.24%。     

Further studies on the systematics of Australian Diplurinae (Chelicerata: Mygalomorphae: Dipluridae): Two new genera from south western Australia

Summary

The current status of Australian diplurine genera is presented. The following genera are recognized here: Aname Koch, Chenistonia Hogg, Ixamatus Simon, Kiama Main and Mascord, Stanwellia Rainbow and Pulleine, Teyl Main, Troglodiplura Main and Xamiatus Raven. Aparua Todd from New Zealand is newly synonymized with Stanwellia Rainbow and Puleine. Two new genera, Kwonkan and Merredinia and six new species are described: Kwonkan anatolion, eboracum, goongarriensis, moriartii and silvestre and Merredinia damsonoides. Dekana wonganensis Main is designated as the type species of Kwonkan. The tribe Anamini Simon is rediagnosed and Anamini Raven newly synonymized with it. Aname, Chenistonia and the two new genera are attributed to the Anamini.     

Homing behaviour of rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis (Pisces: Blenniidae)

The homing ability of the rock pool blenny Parablennius parvicornis was studied at a rocky shore on Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain). A total of 140 fish was tagged in five different rock pools and 100 of these were displaced from their original site, during low tide. This blenny species shows great site fidelity and is able to return home from 400 m away. Results show that homing success mainly depends on the displacement distance and it increases when fish return against the current, whereas sex and fish size have no influence.     

三元鲤及其双亲(资江鲤(♂)、芙蓉鲤(♀))几个生化性状的比较研究

作者采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法,分析了三元鲤及其双亲(资江鲤(♂)、芙蓉鲤(♀))的血清蛋白、酯酶同工酶及过氧化物酶。研究结果表明:双亲的血清蛋白存在差异,这种差异主要表现在B_2区和B_3区的MA带上。F_1代表现了亲本的血清蛋白,B_1区和B_2区为双亲的嵌合型,B_3区为母本型。双亲的酯酶、过氧化物酯亦存在组织特异性和种的特异性,差异主要表现在心脏和肾脏。F_1代酯酶酶谱偏向父本,肾脏中间主带的酶相对活性明显高于亲本,肝脏阴极端出现一条新的酶带。F_1代心脏的过氧化物酶为母本类型。作者认为血清蛋白、酯酶和过氧化物酶等在鱼类育种中可作为区分亲本、亲本与子代之间的遗传标记。同时,酯酶同工酶谱型的变化,可以作为预测杂种优势的指标。     

Photoreceptors in the pineal of lower vertebrates: Functional aspects

Summary The pineal of lower vertebrates characteristically contains true and modified photoreceptors with functional und structural homologies to retinal photoreceptors. Afferent nerves convey photic information from the pineal to sensory areas of the brain stem. Light also influences synthetic activity within the organ, controlling the rhythm in melatonin production which is generated endogenously. The molecular mechanisms underlying this rhythmic event are described and the hypothesis advanced that the pineal transduces several forms of environmental stimulus involved in the regulation of rhythmic function.     

从"草木虫鱼"看周作人创作心态的变化

从20年代到50年代，周作人以草木虫鱼为题材创作了一系列小品文，以搭建自己的文学园地。从其二十年代、三四十年代、五十年代三个不同时期的草木虫鱼创作中窥探隐藏在文字背后的真实，可从中反观周作人不同时期创作心态的变化。