南淝河水环境质量的改进密切值法综合评价

密切值法是多目标决策中的一种优选法,它适用于多测点、多指标的质量评价;水环境是一个多因素、多因子的复合体,因此可以用密切值法来进行评价。文章对合肥市南淝河水环境质量用密切值法进行了综合评价,评价项目取该河14个监测点的主要污染物CODcr、TP及NH3-N等3项监测指标作为评价因子,得出了评价结果并对污染程度进行了排序;与向量模评价法进行比较,结果表明该方法切实可行。     

巢湖十五里河河口沉积物污染特征研究

在巢湖十五里河河口区设置18个采样点,分层采集沉积物样品66个,运用X-Ray衍射法、原子吸收法等对沉积物样本中的总氮、总磷、有机质以及重金属进行测试,并且分析了污染因子之间的相互关系。研究结果表明,沉积物中重金属的污染程度依次为Hg>Cr>Pb>Cu>Cd,具有中等潜在生态危害;沉积物中氮磷比值表明湖水处于富营养化状态,有机物来源于水生植物。     

松花江哈尔滨段硅藻植物初报

本文报道了松花江哈尔滨段硅藻门植物,共发现100个分类单位,包括57种40变种3变型,分别隶属于2纲6目9科23属,初步分析了松花江哈尔滨段硅藻植物群落的种类组成及生态类型,大部分的硅藻属于普生种类,同时出现了一些喜酸种类如:Melosira granulate(Ehr．)Ralfs,Navicular viridula var．rostellata (Kutz．)Cl,Stauroneis anceps Ehr,Eunotia major W．Smith．等,还有少量的嗜碱性种类出现．     

永定河流域健康评估及其变化分析

人类社会的高速发展导致流域水资源短缺和水环境污染等问题日益严重。永定河流域作为海河流域的重要组成部分,流经内蒙古、山西、河北、北京、天津5个省(自治区、直辖市),其健康发展状况对所在地区具有重要影响并值得深入研究。本研究在综合分析国内外流域健康评价方法的基础上,构建永定河流域健康评价指标体系,采用综合指数评价法和层次分析法对永定河流域18个子流域2005-2020年的健康状况进行评价。研究结果表明,永定河流域在2005-2020年整体健康状况无明显变化,个别子流域健康状况在前期有小幅度恶化的现象,但整体在2020年得到改善。通过分析流域健康变化原因认为,水资源量匮乏、经济发展不平衡以及人类活动剧烈干扰是导致永定河流域健康状况一般及局部恶化的主要原因,并据此给出了永定河流域健康管理的对策和建议,为永定河流域的合理开发利用与保护提供参考。     

北黄海大鹿岛附近海域海洋牧场本底地质环境分析

为推进北黄海北部特色滩涂型海洋牧场建设,本研究对北黄海大鹿岛附近海域海洋牧场本底地质环境开展调查评估,利用高分辨率声学探测设备获取研究海域的精密水深数据和浅地层剖面数据;利用现场和实验室结合的方法测定海水理化参数;利用筛析法、激光粒度仪测试方法确定沉积物类型和粒度特征,最终通过分析研究区海底地形地貌、海水水质状况和沉积物分布特征对本底地质环境进行评估。结果显示：目标海域测量水深为1-29 m,平均水深为16 m,海底地形整体表现为平缓的近岸缓坡,地貌以水下侵蚀堆积地貌为主;海底浅地层剖面中U1声学地层清晰连续,全区可追踪,厚度约6 m且变化不大;海水水质良好,主要处于Ⅱ类海水水质标准;表层沉积物类型均为砂,沉积物组分变化不大,砂组分占绝对优势,表层沉积物空间分布主要与沉积物物源条件及辽南沿岸流、海域潮流等因素有关。综合分析认为,北黄海大鹿岛附近海域水深适宜,地形较为平坦,水质环境良好,以砂质浅滩沉积为主,适于滩涂型海洋牧场的构建。     

A review of three species of Hesperonoe (Annelida: Polynoidae) in Asia,with descriptions of two new species and a new record of Hesperonoe hwanghaiensis from Korea

A taxonomic review of three Asian species of Hesperonoe (Annelida: Polynoidae) is presented. Hesperonoe hwanghaiensis Uschakov and Wu, 1959 Uschakov PV, Wu B. 1959. [The polychaete worms of the families Phyllodocidae and Aphroditidae (Polychaeta, errantia) from the Yellow Sea]. Arch Inst Oceanol Sinica. 1:1–40, pls. I–X. (In Chinese and Russian). [Google Scholar] (type locality: Qingdao, China) is redescribed based on five specimens collected from an intertidal site in the Korean coast of the Yellow Sea, as a new record of this species from Korea, which is the only known habitat outside the type locality. Hesperonoe coreensis sp. nov. is described based on nine specimens collected from two intertidal sites in the Korean coast of the Yellow Sea, including the same site as the habitat of H. hwanghaiensis. Hesperonoe japonensis sp. nov. is described by re-examination of many specimens collected from eight intertidal sites and a subtidal one in Japan, which was previously misidentified as H. hwanghaiensis. The three species are clearly distinguishable from one another by the species-specific morphology of the macrotubercles (or marked ridges) on the surface of elytra. All of the three species seemed to be commensal with the burrowing mud shrimp Upogebia major in intertidal flats, except for an additional probable host of another upogebid shrimp Austinogebia narutensis for H. japonensis sp. nov. in a subtidal habitat. The morphological characteristics and host species of the three Asian species are compared with all of the other five congeners known from the North American Pacific and Arctic Sea.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:51CB5C5B-0838-48AC-A0BA-8E63AA7628CB     

Three new species of free‐living marine nematodes from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,China

Three new species of marine nematodes belonging to the genera Paranticoma (family Anticomidae) and Parodontophora (family Axonolaimidae) are described from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. Paranticoma tricerviseta sp. nov. is similar to P. bandaenseMicoletzky and Kreis, in the spicules, but can be distinguished by the presence of a ventral projection on the spicules, three regularly arranged cervical setae in both the male and female, and two distinct ventral setae behind the anus. Parodontophora deltensis sp. nov. is close to P. paragranulifera (Timm, ) in the length of the amphids, with the ventral arm of the amphid extending past the base of the stoma, but can be separated by the ratio of dorsal arm length to ventral arm (0.36–0.55 versus 0.20–0.25) and the position of the excretory pore (at the middle level versus top level of the stoma), distinctive cervical setae arrangement and a longer renette cell. Parodontophora wuleidaowanensis sp. nov. is close to P. danker Belogurov and Kartavtseva, in the form of the amphids, but can be distinguished by the longer length of the ventral arm of the amphids and the distinctive arrangement of cervical setae.     

A new species of Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) marking the westernmost distribution of the genus,with notes on its geographical range evolution

ABSTRACT

We describe a new species of freshwater crab, Himalayapotamon robertsianum sp. nov. from Punjab province of Pakistan, based on morphological characters of the carapace and the first gonopod. The new species demarcates the westernmost distribution limit of the genus. Additionally, we analysed partial sequences of the 16S rRNA locus for some species of the genus Himalayapotamon (p-distances, Bayesian phylogenetical inference), indicating that Himalayapotamon separates into an eastern and a western clade. Based on these results, we propose a biogeographical scenario that can explain the occurrence of the genera Himalayapotamon and Potamon within the same river system: we assume an ancestral widespread distribution of Himalayapotamon in the palaeo-Ganges. When drainage rearrangement diverted the western tributaries of the Ganges into the Indus since the latest Miocene, Himalayapotamon diverged into two clades. Consequently, the western clade is now sharing the Indus drainage with Potamon.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:80B52E6C-0120-4669-A6B0-9F0DA5918EE3     

乌苏里江水深遥感反演

文中在分析卫星遥感测深机理的基础上,利用SVCHR-1024高光谱成像仪确定了可见光反演水深的最佳波段,通过对HJ星CCD数据各波段反射率、波段比值组合对水体、水深的敏感性分析,建立了适合于乌苏里江的单波段对数水深反演模型,从而快速获取乌苏里江河道地形信息,并探测了河道深泓线,整体精度达到80%以上.遥感反演水深可快速探测河道深泓线的方法,为乌苏里江河势演变研究提供了新的思路.     

黄河流域甘肃段城镇经济空间结构特征演变及动因探析

目的 在黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展成为重大国家战略、黄河流域甘肃段作为甘肃省国土空间格局优化主体的时代背景下,从经济视角探索区域城镇空间结构的内在属性以提高黄河流域甘肃段总体发展水平。方法 借助引力模型、区位商指数及地理探测器分别从城镇经济联系网络结构、城镇竞争优势结构、产业集聚结构3个方面对黄河流域甘肃段城镇经济空间结构的演变特征、动因进行探讨。结论 区域经济联系网络水平和城镇竞争优势水平均逐步增强,其结构由单中心簇型向多中心簇型演进,第一产业集聚结构经历了“全局型结构—穿孔型结构”演变过程,第二产业集聚结构为穿孔型结构,且该结构逐步增强,第三产业集聚结构经历了“穿孔型结构—局部型结构—穿孔型结构”的演变过程;黄河流域甘肃段城镇竞争优势与地方政府财政收入关系密切,相应产业产值占比越高产业发展越集聚,此外受生态保护、供给侧改革的影响,已经开始走去工业化及工业转型道路,固定资产投资和政府财政支出在发展第二产业上的投入占比将下降。