New chronological evidence for Yanshanian diagenetic mineralization in China's Altay orogenic belt

Granitoids and related pegmatitic rare-metal deposits are widespread in China's Altay region, they used to be considered as Hercynian rocks and mineral deposits. Reported here are the 40Ar-39Ar ages of potassium-rich minerals (muscovite and microcline) in the Koktokay pegmatitic rare-metal orefield and whole-rock as well as quartz fluid-inclusion Rb-Sr isochron ages of granite and ores in the Shangkelan pegmatite rare-metal orefield. The ages indicate that there are Yanshanian Diagenetic Mineralization events happening in China's Altay orogenic belt and that formation of the famous Koktokay No.3 pegmatitic rare-metal deposit endured about 30 Ma of magmatic crystallization differentiation.     

华南早燕山中晚期挤压构造事件识别及其成矿效应

华南是中国重要的钨、锡、铋、铜、银、锑、汞、稀有、重稀土、金和铅锌多金属重要成矿省,成矿时代以中-新生代为主。众多学者通过野外调查、构造变形解析、科学深钻、年代学研究等方法对华南各个区域进行构造地质学研究,并取得重要成果。但对整个华南中生代构造演化过程的认识依然存在分歧,这主要归咎于不同学者根据局部研究成果或单一地质要素对华南构造演化进行讨论。系统总结前人在华南研究的成果,对华南早燕山期古地层产出状态、古地理变化、古构造应力场、构造变形样式、岩浆记录等多种地质要素进行归纳。初步认为华南早燕山中晚期处于SEE-NWW或近EW向挤压构造背景下,时间界限大致为170~135 Ma,推测挤压事件可能是成矿大爆发开始的前奏,挤压作用将成矿物质预富集,形成矿化区域,为后期成矿作用提供物质基础及成矿有利空间。     

On the genetic classification and tectonic implications of the Early Yanshanian granitoids in the Nanling Range, South China

Early Yanshanian (Jurassic) granitoids are widespread in the Nanling Range of South China, and are associated with numerous non-ferrous and rare metal mineral deposits. These granitoids consist mainly of slightly peraluminous biotite monzogranites and K-feldspar granites that are closely associated in time and space with subordinate amphibole-bearing granites and muscoviteand garnet-bearing granites. In most previous studies, the biotite-bearing granites were classified as crustal transformation-type (corresponding to the S-type) granites which were interpreted to be derived from the regional Paleoproterozoic meta-sedimentary rocks. In this paper, we re-analyze the geochemical characteristics of a number of representative Early Yanshanian Nanling granitoids. There exists a clear negative correlation between SiO2 and P2O5 for the studied granitoids. The Early Yanshanian Nanling granitoid suites (including amphibole-bearing granodiorites→biotite monzogranites→K-feldspar granites→two-mica (muscovite) granites) are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous I-type or fractionated I-type granites. They were derived predominantly from Proterozoic igneous protoliths. The juvenile crust and/or newly mantle-derived materials might also have been involved in some of these granites. In addition, the Iand fractionated I-type granites are closely associated in time and space with minor amount of A-type felsic and mafic volcanic and intrusive rocks as well as alkaline rocks. All these rocks constitute a typical assemblage of anorogenic, intraplate magmatism, suggesting a dominant lithospheric extensional regime for the Nanling Range and neighboring region during the Early Yanshanian period.     

浙赣皖相邻区燕山期花岗质岩类含矿性及其氧逸度特征*

对浙赣皖相邻区燕山期两类花岗岩的岩石学、地球化学及成矿元素研究发现,燕山早期岩体主要岩石类型为花岗闪长岩,岩石偏中性,成矿元素方面更富含Au、Ag、Cu、Mo、Ni等深源元素,研究区大部分铜金钼矿床都与其有关;燕山晚期岩体主要岩石类型是花岗（斑）岩,岩石偏酸性,成矿元素相对缺乏Au、Ag、Cu、Mo、Ni等深源元素,与之伴生的铜金钼矿床罕见。可见,花岗质侵入体与研究区的金、铜、钼等成矿作用密切相关。通过锆石Ce异常计算出的岩浆氧逸度结果显示,早期花岗质侵入体的氧逸度范围介于FMQ （铁橄榄石-磁铁矿-石英缓冲对）和MH （磁铁矿-赤铁矿缓冲对）之间,平均值为FMQ＋2.7,氧逸度较高;晚期氧逸度小于FMQ,平均值为FMQ-1.1。因此,氧逸度对部分元素（如铜、金、钼）的成矿有重要影响,氧逸度高,更有利于形成铜、金、钼等矿床。由于锆石成分分析的普及,获得锆石中的稀土微量元素含量越来越便利,利用锆石成分来计算岩浆的氧逸度具有非常广阔的应用前景。