泡沫铝基高分子复合材料制备及其性能

为了提高泡沫铝基高分子复合材料的机械性能，通过向泡沫铝孔洞中浸渗入高分子材料的方法制备了四种泡沫铝基复合材料，并对其压缩、抗冲击和阻尼等性能进行了实验研究。实验结果与所预测的结果相一致，即制备的泡沫铝基高分子复合材料的如上三性能均较其复合相得以提高．研究结果既寻求到一种制备功能结构一体化材料的新途径，又有助于促进泡沫铝应用范围的扩展。     

低频声波声检测研究

提出了基于在线可编程模拟器件ispPAC10差动放大及低通滤波电路来完成低频声波信号的采集。该方法可有效地降低检测电路的噪声干扰，提高输出信号的信噪比。     

稠密等离子体中类锂铝的原子结构研究

等离子体中原子结构的研究对于等离子体诊断和天文学观测有着非常重要的参考价值.本文采用MCDF方法结合离子球模型研究了稠密等离子体对类锂铝离子的能级和跃迁参量(跃迁能、跃迁几率和振子强度)的影响情况.随着等离子体屏蔽强度的不断增强,上述原子结构参量变化如下:1s22p (2 P_(1/2,3/2))的能级不断升高,但1s23s(2S1/2)、1s23p (2 P_(1/2,3/2))和1s23d(2 D3/2,5/2)的能级却不断降低;不同主量子数间的跃迁对应的跃迁参量均不断减小;除了1s23s(2S1/2)-1s23p(2P_(1/2,3/2))间的跃迁外,同一主量子数间的跃迁对应的跃迁参量均不断增大;1s23s(2S1/2)-1s23p(2P_(1/2,3/2))的跃迁参量均先增大后减小;在跃迁的精细结构中,ΔJ=1对应的跃迁几率和振子强度较大,而ΔJ=0的则相对较小.     

中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳性能研究

针对轴承钢失效形式主要为疲劳破坏的问题,对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢进行旋转弯曲疲劳（RBF）试验及分析。分析轴承钢经调质处理（880 ℃+540 ℃）后的组织,再经RBF试验后疲劳断口和渗氮处理的作用,还分析了非金属夹杂物对轴承钢RBF的影响,构建了非金属夹杂物深度和尺寸对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢RBF极限强度影响的模型。实验结果表明：试验钢调质处理后,组织为回火索氏体,主要析出M₆C型和M₂₃C₆型碳化物,力学性能优良,RBF极限强度达到729 MPa;疲劳源分为表面缺陷和内部非金属夹杂物,表面缺陷主要包括非金属夹杂物脱落形成的凹坑以及机加工留下的刀痕,非金属夹杂物主要为镁铝酸盐;轴承钢在NH₃渗氮气氛中560 ℃恒温保持25 h,渗氮层厚度达360 μm以上,渗氮工艺合适。研究结果对中碳铬钨渗氮轴承钢的发展及其疲劳性能的提高有一定的参考价值。     

Microstructure characterization and hydrogen storage properties study of Mg2Ni0.92M0.08 (M = Ti, V, Fe or Si) alloys

In the present study Mg_2Ni-type compounds alloyed independently with Ti,V,Fe and Si were successfully prepared by wet-milling followed by sintering.Although these alloyed Mg_2Ni compounds exhibited a similar hydrogen storage mechanism as that of pure Mg_2Ni,the dissolution of Ti,V or Fe into the Mg_2NiH_4lattice had a considerable catalytic effect on hydrogen desorption from additional MgH_2.The further structure investigations clearly indicated that the substitution of Ti for Ni could suppress the formation of the micro-twined low-temperature phase(LT2)and promote the formation of the high-temperature phase(HT),thus resulting in remarkably improved hydrogen desorption kinetics for the Mg_2Ni_(0.92)Ti_(0.08)–H system.     

Surface modification of Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by microarc oxidation to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance

Microarc oxidation(MAO)electrolysis plasma deposition was used to prepare Al_2O_3coatings on Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys to improve high temperature oxidation resistance.The surface and cross-section morphologies before and after high-temperature oxidation,the chemical composition,and the phase identification of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe microanalyses(EPMA),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that Al_2O_3coatings with a thickness of approximately 8μm can be obtained on the Ti-45Al-8.5 Nb alloys by MAO for 600 s.The samples with the Al_2O_3coatings exhibited better high-temperature oxidation resistance.A minimal weight gain of only 0.396 g/m~2after 100 h oxidation at 900°C was observed for the coatings formed with a deposition voltage of 400 V and using a duty cycle of 3%.The deposition mechanism of the Al_2O_3coatings and the effect of the MAO parameters are also described.     

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

高铝熔渣物相析出演变规律研究

以改善高铝渣浸出性能为目标,采用DSC实验和SEM-EDS检测方法,研究了高铝渣控温冷却过程中物相析出规律,考察了降温速率、n(CaO)/n(Al₂O₃)和MgO含量对铝酸钙渣物相析出演变规律的影响.结果表明:当降温速率加快时,熔渣凝固过程趋于更大程度的偏析,C₂S相变愈不充分,粒度粗化,劣化了自粉行为和浸出条件;随着调高渣中n(CaO)/n(Al₂O₃),C₁₂A₇的析出温度升高,物相析出活性按照CA→C₁₂A₇→C₃A逐渐增强;当渣中含有MgO时,物相中出现C₂MS₂,不利于C₂S物相转变,更为重要的是MgO富集在含铝物相中形成Q相,显著恶化氧化铝浸出率和收得率.     

铝锡轴承合金的摩擦磨损机理与性能

铝锡轴承合金对大型载重汽车、坦克、高速汽车、拖拉机等的高速高压柴油机的发展有重要的意义。提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能可节省大量能源并延长零件的使用寿命,如何取得具有优良的耐摩擦磨损的铝锡合金成为研究的重点。本文介绍了提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能的措施及其影响因素,总结铝锡合金中锡元素含量改变、合金元素的添加、热处理与制备工艺的改变对铝锡合金的显微组织以及耐摩擦磨损性能的影响。