全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3072篇 |
免费 | 122篇 |
国内免费 | 307篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 29篇 |
丛书文集 | 77篇 |
教育与普及 | 40篇 |
理论与方法论 | 7篇 |
现状及发展 | 196篇 |
研究方法 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 3144篇 |
自然研究 | 7篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 47篇 |
2021年 | 34篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 35篇 |
2018年 | 41篇 |
2017年 | 55篇 |
2016年 | 40篇 |
2015年 | 80篇 |
2014年 | 97篇 |
2013年 | 86篇 |
2012年 | 146篇 |
2011年 | 121篇 |
2010年 | 122篇 |
2009年 | 169篇 |
2008年 | 175篇 |
2007年 | 232篇 |
2006年 | 246篇 |
2005年 | 220篇 |
2004年 | 224篇 |
2003年 | 214篇 |
2002年 | 226篇 |
2001年 | 166篇 |
2000年 | 142篇 |
1999年 | 108篇 |
1998年 | 93篇 |
1997年 | 52篇 |
1996年 | 61篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 48篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 26篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1955年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3501条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
C. Schubert 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2009,66(7):1178-1197
The Williams-Beuren syndrome is a genomic disorder (prevalence: 1/7,500 to 1/20,000), caused by a hemizygous contiguous gene
deletion on chromosome 7q11.23. Typical symptoms comprise supravalvular aortic stenosis, mental retardation, overfriendliness
and visuospatial impairment. The common deletion sizes range of 1.5–1.8 mega base pairs (Mb), encompassing app. 28 genes.
For a few genes, a genotype-phenotype correlation has been established. The best-explored gene within this region is the elastin
gene; its haploinsufficiency causes arterial stenosis. The region of the Williams-Beuren syndrome consists of a single copy
gene region (~1.2 Mb) flanked by repetitive sequences – Low Copy Repeats (LCR). The deletions arise as a consequence of misalignment
of these repetitive sequences during meiosis and a following unequal crossing over due to high similarity of LCRs. This review
presents an overview of the Williams-Beuren syndrome region considering the genomic assembly, chromosomal rearrangements and
their mechanisms (i.e. deletions, duplications, inversions) and evolutionary and historical aspects.
Received 11 July 2008; received after revision 15 October 2008; accepted 16 October 2008 相似文献
142.
The use of anti-5-methylcytosine antibodies in affinity columns allowed the identification of methylated sequences in the
genome of Drosophila melanogaster adults. In view of the presence of transposable elements amongst the identified sequences, it has been suggested that DNA
methylation is involved in transposon control in the fly genome. On the contrary, a reanalysis of these data furnishes several
intriguing elements that could raise new questions about the role that DNA methylation plays in the fly genome. The aim of
the present paper is to discuss some features that emerge from the analysis of the identified methylated sequences.
Received 26 January 2006; received after revision 8 May 2006; accepted 2 June 2006 相似文献
143.
Many notions regarding the function, structure and regulation of cholera toxin expression have remained essentially unaltered
in the last 15 years. At the same time, recent findings have generated additional perspectives. For example, the cholera toxin
genes are now known to be carried by a non-lytic bacteriophage, a previously unsuspected condition. Understanding of how the
expression of cholera toxin genes is controlled by the bacterium at the molecular level has advanced significantly and relationships
with cell-density-associated (quorum-sensing) responses have recently been discovered. Regarding the cell intoxication process,
the mode of entry and intracellular transport of cholera toxin are becoming clearer. In the immunological field, the strong
oral immunogenicity of the non-toxic B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) has been exploited in the development of a now widely
licensed oral cholera vaccine. Additionally, CTB has been shown to induce tolerance against co-administered (linked) foreign
antigens in some autoimmune and allergic diseases.
Received 25 October 2007; accepted 12 December 2007 相似文献
144.
145.
Dolezel D Zdechovanova L Sauman I Hodkova M 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2008,65(6):964-969
Current models state that insect peripheral oscillators are directly responsive to light, while mammalian peripheral clock
genes are coordinated by a master clock in the brain via intermediate factors, possibly hormonal. We show that the expression
levels of two circadian clock genes, period (per) and Par Domain Protein 1 (Pdp1) in the peripheral tissue of an insect model species, the linden bug Pyrrhocoris apterus, are inversely affected by contrasting photoperiods. The effect of photoperiod on per and Pdp1 mRNA levels was found to be mediated by the corpus allatum, an endocrine gland producing juvenile hormone. Our results
provide the first experimental evidence for the effect of an endocrine gland on circadian clock gene expression in insects.
Received 31 October 2007; received after revision 7 January 2008; accepted 9 January 2008
D. Dolezel, L. Zdechovanova: These authors contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
146.
胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白相关蛋白1(IGFBP-rP1)是近年来恶性肿瘤的研究热点.本文主要综述IGFBP-rP1在恶性肿瘤中的抑癌基因作用机制及可能的临床实用价值.IGFBP-rP1在恶性肿瘤中的作用广泛涉及细胞的增殖、衰老、凋亡、分化、血管生成等多方面,研究指出IGFBP-rP1可缩短细胞增殖周期并影响非停泊性生长从而抑制增殖,降低致瘤能力;调节BRAF-MEKERK信号通路及pRB、HSP60等相关蛋白的表达从而影响衰老及凋亡;主要通过IGF依赖方式抑制血管生成;而且IGFBP-rP1表达下降跟肿瘤细胞分化程度降低有关.研究显示IGFBP-rP1有一定的临床实用价值,如其表达量跟恶性肿瘤的进展相关,低表达提示某些化疗药物抵抗,可提示预后.而在恶性肿瘤中特异性地上调IGFBP-rP1,可抑制肿瘤增殖及血管生成、诱导细胞衰老凋亡、提高肿瘤分化程度及化疗敏感性,具有治疗意义,但研究者们还在努力探究,争取早日找到一种临床有效的靶向IGFBP-rP1的基因治疗方法. 相似文献
147.
本文提出一种基于音乐基因的乐谱存储模型S-MusicXML.将乐谱的存储和处理的基本单位由音阶提升到基因,有利于通过数据挖掘技术对音乐内涵的挖掘和存储.定义了旋律基因等概念,并通过实验进一步分析了挖掘音乐基因比挖掘音乐频繁模式更有优势. 相似文献
148.
转录靶向性KDR启动子调控双自杀基因治疗肺癌的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从人肺癌细胞株中克隆KDR基因的启动子(kinasedomainreceptorpromotor,KDRp),构建KDR基因启动子调控的双自杀基因(CDglyTK)真核表达质粒pcDNA3-KDRp-CdglyTK,将其导入ECV304、L9981和NL9980细胞,建立相应的转基因细胞系,并应用不同的前药处理。体内、外实验结果显示:KDR启动子调控的双自杀基因在KDR高表达人肺癌细胞和人脐静脉内皮细胞靶向表达,而在KDR不表达的正常细胞或正常血管内皮细胞中未检测到双自杀基因表达;联合应用5-FC和GCV处理,对转双自杀基因细胞的杀伤作用显著高于单独应用5-FC或GCV,且二者显示了良好的药物协同作用。 相似文献
149.
太空诱变宫颈癌细胞的差异表达基因初探 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
将搭载于“神舟四号”飞船飞行返地后的宫颈癌Caski细胞进行单克隆化,筛选出生长速度快于对照组、编号为44F10的细胞克隆,G1期细胞减少,S期细胞增多,成瘤能力增强;编号为48A9的细胞克隆细胞学行为与之相反,与对照组差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。为了解太空诱变肿瘤细胞生物学行为改变的机制,从分子水平入手研究经太空诱变的宫颈癌细胞和地面对照细胞的差异表达基因。应用含2747个人类肿瘤相关基因的Oligo双通道芯片研究差异表达基因。分别抽提44F10、48A9组和地面对照细胞的总RNA,逆转录cDNA并标记探针。将实验组和对照组cDNA探针混合,分别与同一张芯片杂交后,用不同的波长扫描荧光强度,从而筛选出差异基因。44F10组有16个基因呈现差异表达,48A9组有36个基因呈现差异表达。差异性表达主要涉及细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、细胞周期调控和信号转导的基因。促进细胞增殖的基因在44F10组中表达上调,而在48A9组中限制细胞增殖的基因表达上调。研究表明,太空诱变宫颈癌细胞的差异表达基因导致了细胞生物学行为的改变。 相似文献
150.
基于被子植物各主要分支代表类群的DELLA氨基酸序列,开展它们在被子植物中演化关系的系统发育分析.DELLA基因家族在双子叶植物早期演化阶段经历了一次复制事件,形成2大分支,每支都包含相应的蔷薇类和菊类;单子叶植物没有经历早期的复制事件,所有的DELLA基因聚在一起形成单一的支系.另外,证实了在被子植物的双子叶植物中存在第3个DELLA基因支系. 相似文献