高大鬼针草的形态与显微鉴定

运用分子、植物形态以及显微鉴别的方法对高大鬼针草进行研究。通过测定DNA的ITS序列确定高大鬼针草为鬼针草属,并对其形态学以及茎、叶的显微鉴别特征进行详细描述和记录。该研究建立的方法为高大鬼针草的鉴定以及开发利用提供了参考依据。     

一种新的变步长LMS算法

为了提高LMS自适应算法的性能,在对传统LMS算法、变步长LMS算法及其改进算法分析的基础上,提出了一种新的步长与误差信号之间的函数关系。既能保证均方误差收敛、有较小的失凋,又能在算法达到稳态时,在低信噪比环境下有很好的跟踪性能,并且不易受噪声影响。理论分析和计算机仿真结果均表明该算法优于传统算法。     

织构材料X射线应力分析的线性方程组

织构材料因弹性呈现各向异性,经典Ｘ射线残余应力分析法不再适用．借助取向分布函数（ＯＤＦ）分析法,由单晶的弹性性质按织构计权平均预估材料的宏观弹性各向异性,根据广义虎克定律获得求解所需应力－应变线性方程组．为了方便实际应用,深入讨论了该线性方程组的组建问题,导出对应任何测量方向的方程式系数均为一固定宏观试样坐标系下弹性常数张量元的线性组合,该组合系数仅与测量方向有关,而与材料本身的弹性性质及织构无关．对一些通常采用的测量方向,提供了适用于具有正交试样对称的织构材料确定方程组系数所需的数据,归纳了这些数据的取值规律．所述方法可适用于任何晶体结构对称的织构材料及三维应力状态,并可推广至正交对称外的其他试样对称的织构材料．     

古代碳化稻谷的微结构特征研究

对古代碳化稻谷进行了高分辨电子显微镜、X粉晶衍射和激光拉曼光谱研究。高分辨电子显微像表明它为芳层石墨。一级激光拉曼光谱D峰波数为1371.4—1386．4cm^-1,多大于1370cm^-1;O峰波数为1600.7—1610．4cm^-1。根据拉曼光谱D／D O面积比计算碳化稻谷的La为5．4-14．1nm,这与高分辨电子显微像观察结果相一致。     

基于相对误差互相关函数的变步长LMS算法

许多时变步长自适应滤波算法被用来解决标准LMS算法的固有矛盾,但实验表明这些算法易受独立噪声的干扰,或计算量大、耗时太长。针对上述问题,提出了一种新的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法,它采用相对的误差互相关函数来控制步长更新。该算法计算量小、易于控制,具有快速的收敛速度和较小的失调,不受已存在的非相关噪声的影响,可很好地应用于自适应对消系统中,且在低信噪比环境中仍能保持良好的性能。计算机仿真及实测数据的处理与理论分析结果一致。     

Unscheduled CDK1 activity in G1 phase of the cell cycle triggers apoptosis in X-irradiated lymphocytic leukemia cells

Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) is a major component of the cell cycle progression engine. Recently, several investigations provided evidence demonstrating that unscheduled CDK1 activation may also be involved in apoptosis in cancerous cells. In this article, we demonstrate that X-ray irradiation induced G1 arrest in MOLT-4 lymphocytic leukemia cells, the arrest being accompanied by reduction in the activity of CDK2, but increased CDK1 activity and cell apoptosis in the G1 phase. Interestingly, this increase in CDK1 and apoptosis by ionizing radiation was prevented by pretreatment with the CDK1 inhibitor, roscovitine, suggesting that CDK1 kinase activity is required for radiation-induced apoptotic cell death in this model system. Furthermore, cyclin B1 and CDK1 were detected co-localizing and associating in G1 phase MOLT-4 cells, with the cellular lysates from these cells revealing a genotoxic stress-induced increase in CDK1 phosphorylation (Thr-161) and dephosphorylation (Tyr-15), as analyzed by postsorting immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. Finally, X-irradiation was found to increase Bcl-2 phosphorylation in G1 phase cells. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that CDK1 is activated by unscheduled accumulation of cyclin B1 in G1 phase cells exposed to X-ray, and that CDK1 activation, at the wrong time and in the wrong phase, may directly or indirectly trigger a Bcl-2-dependent signaling pathway leading to apoptotic cell death in MOLT-4 cells. Received 30 March 2006; received after revision 23 June 2006; accepted 24 August 2006 J. Wu and Y. Feng contributed equally to this work.     

Purine and pyrimidine receptors

Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), in addition to its intracellular roles, acts as an extracellular signalling molecule via a rich array of receptors, which have been cloned and characterised. P1 receptors are selective for adenosine, a breakdown product of ATP, produced after degradation by ectonucleotidases. Four subtypes have been identified, A₁, A_2A, A_2B and A₃ receptors. P2 receptors are activated by purines and some subtypes also by pyrimidines. P2X receptors are ligand-gated ion channel receptors and seven subunits have been identified, which form both homomultimers and heteromultimers. P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors, and eight subtypes have been cloned and characterised to date. Received 22 November 2006; received after revision 11 January 2007; accepted 27 February 2007     

对高校计算机基础教学改革的几点思考

<计算机应用基础>或<计算机文化基础>是大学生的第一门计算机课程;现行教材无论在思想理念上还是在内容上,都已经无法涵盖当今计算机技术的基本知识.从课程设置和教法改革上,探讨了大学计算机基础课程的改革方向.     

Cs_2NaYX_6（X＝Cl，Br）中Cr~（3＋）的d－d电子光谱和EPRg因子的研究

用双自旋－轨道耦合模型研究了Ｃｓ＿２ＮａＹＸ＿６（Ｘ＝Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ）：Ｃｒ￣３＋的ＥＰＲｇ因子。计算表明，配体Ｂｒ４ｐ轨道对络离子（ＣｒＢｒ＿６）￣３－ＰＲｇ因子的贡献不应忽略。解释了Ｃｓ＿２ＮａＹＢｒ＿６：Ｃｒ￣３＋的ｇ因子移动为正值的疑惑。     

单片机应用系统中的看门狗技术

分析研究了单片机应用系统中软件看门狗、单／双时限和强制复位看门狗等几种常见的看门狗技术及具体的实现方法，从提高看门狗工作可靠性的角度，分析了各种看门狗方案的优缺点，给出了基本的硬件电路和软件控制策略，指出了在设计和应用过程中需注意的一些问题。