后稷神话与西周郊祀的起源

后稷是周人传说中发明农业的文化英雄,后稷神话体现了高襟崇拜、社稷崇拜、始祖崇拜等郊祀制度的基本类型。后稷的感生神话孕含了原始农业祭时代的高襟求子秘仪;姜媚、后稷之得名与原始祭祀中的农业神话关联很深,成为社稷崇拜的对象;气候对农业的影响至为密切,后稷又被尊为“天官”、“灵星”以配上帝;在武王伐商之后,后稷由周人庙祭的始祖而成为郊祀对象,与祖先仪式性的沟通成了国家宗教的中心。周人赋予后稷的诸多宗教功能用来证明王权来源之神圣性及统治的合法性,这一点在出土儒家文献中有简要的阐明。后稷神话与仪式已经孕含了后世国家祭祀礼仪的雏形。     

钦州湾近岸海域水质污染状况评价

【目的】调查及评价钦州湾近岸海域水质污染程度。【方法】2010年3月(春季)及2010年9月(秋季)在钦州湾近岸海域布设9个站位进行水质、浮游植物及浮游动物调查。采用水质综合污染指数及生物多样性指数对调查结果进行评价。【结果】钦州湾近岸海域春季、秋季水质综合污染指数平均值分别为3.20、3.68;浮游植物多样性指数分别为3.37、3.35;浮游动物多样性指数分别为2.33、2.89。【结论】以水质综合污染指数评价,2010年钦州湾近岸海域污染等级为轻污染;以浮游植物多样性指数评价,污染等级为轻度污染至无污染;以浮游动物多样性指数进行评价,污染等级为轻中污染。相对于浮游动物多样性指数,浮游植物多样性指数能更灵敏地指示和评价海洋环境的污染形势,但其评价标准和方法有待更多的调查和研究来进行验证和修正。单一利用生物多样性指数进行海域污染评价,具有一定的局限性,但仍可在一定程度上反映出海洋环境的污染程度。     

10种生物学学科类期刊的比较分析及《生物加工过程》办刊思考

分析了《生物加工过程》2009—2012年的计量指标,包括复合影响因子、复合即年指标、篇均被引频次、影响因子与总被引频次关系、h指数等,并与同属"生物学"学科、征文范围相近的其他9种期刊作比较,在此基础上,分析了《生物加工过程》办刊中的不足之处,为期刊的发展提供参考。     

高新区创新能力评价指标体系构建——基于武汉东湖高新区的分析

高新区的发展对于区域经济的带动作用是巨大的,而高新区创新能力的培育对于高新区的持续发展有较大的影响。通过对当前区域创新能力评价指标及高新区创新能力评价指标的分析,基于高新区的构成要素特点,构建了高新区创新能力评价指标体系,结合武汉东湖高新区的发展状况,对其创新能力进行了评价,并提出了相关对策与建议。     

回流焊工艺参数在线控制及优化策略

针对回流焊自动生产过程中带速波动问题,提出基于改进的APC策略消除噪声影响的优化方案.在生产过程中对输出参数进行监测,当特征值超出规定值时,启动APC策略对初始设置参数进行调整,优化过程采用BPNN-GA技术实现.定义特征值的田口质量损失函数,以田口过程能力指数对优化效果进行评估.测试结果显示,相对于传统的APC策略,所建立的改进方案保证了过程稳定,降低了调整频率,提高了优化速度.     

Structural phase transition and metallization in compressed SrC_2

The structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of compressed Sr C2 were systematically investigated up to 200 GPa by using ab initio method. Three new phases are obtained by means of evolutionary algorithm. The confirmed most stable structure has C2/c symmetry at zero pressure, which transforms into an orthorhombic Cmcm phase at 4.5 GPa, followed by another orthorhombic Immm phase, which is stabilized at wide pressure range of 21.5–123.5 GPa, and then transformed into Mg B2-type phase（space group, P6/mmm）. Although Sr C2 has similar structural transformation to that of compressed Ca C2, Sr C2 holds small electron–phonon coupling,which leads to its low superconducting critical temperature（only 1.8 K）.     

Compression behavior of Sm）2Ti2O7-pyrochlore up to 50 GPa：single-crystal X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculations

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction at pressures up to 50 GPa has been employed to study the compression behavior of Sm2Ti2O7-pyrochlore. In contrast to earlier reports, we observed no pressure-induced amorphization or pressure-induced anion disorder up to 50 GPa. The experimental study has been complemented by density functional theory-based calculations. A combination of the theoretical and experimental data yields a bulk modulus of 185 GPa, significantly higher than a value which had been reported earlier. In comparison to earlier work, the current study provides more reliable data due to the use of neon as a pressure medium, which provides a more hydrostatic pressure than the aluminum, which had been employed as a pressure medium in the earlier studies. An analysis of the compressibility of Al2B2O7 pyrochlores shows an approximately linear dependence of the bulk modulus on the unit cell volume.     

Retrieval of column-averaged volume mixing ratio of CO2 with ground-based high spectral resolution solar absorption

The total column-averaged volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide （Xco2） has been retrieved with high spectral resolution solar absorption data obtained from ground-based Fourier transform spectrometer （FTS） measurements at Xichong, a coastal site in the district of Shenzhen in southern China. Based on differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） theory, the Xco2 was retrieved by finding the best match of observed high spectral resolution solar absorption data and monochromatic radia- tion transfer model calculations. The averaged Xco2 in the whole observation period was about 394.9 ppm. The uncertainty of the retrieval was estimated to be 2.0 ppm （0.51%） by comparing retrievals at two bands. The preliminary results show that Xc% retrieved by this method can be used to validate satellite remote sensing of Xco2.     

固定直径的树的Harary指数

图G的Harary指数定义为图中所有点对的反距离之和.给出了固定直径的树的Harary指数的第二大值,并刻画了对应的极图.     

A wetness index derived from tree-rings in the Mt. Yishan area of China since 1755 AD and its agricultural implications

Dendroclimatological techniques were employed to investigate the relationship between Chinese Pinus(Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) growth and climatic variability in the Mt.Yishan region of Shandong Province, China, over the past253 years. Using regression analysis, the wetness index(WI)was reconstructed for the Mt. Yishan area for the period1755–2007 AD based on tree-ring widths; predictor variables accounted for 40 % of the variance. The reconstructed timeseries displayed an increasing trend after the late 1960 s. Both the estimated and the observed WI for May–August were better correlated with precipitation than temperature during the period 1958–2007 AD, indicating that the contribution of precipitation to the WI was larger than temperature in the study area. The reconstructed WI was compared with the dryness/wetness index of China and land areas that were affected by droughts and floods using the agricultural statistics for Shandong Province. In addition, the WI time-series corresponded well with the peanut yield in Shandong Province at high frequency, which may be reasonable in the context of agriculture in Shandong. The 3-, 5- to 6- and 9- to10-year periodicities detected in the time-series suggested that the reconstructed WI in the Mt. Yishan area may be related to large-scale climate variations.