海军指挥作战自动化系统试验中的模拟测试软件

首先分析了模拟测试软件在C3I系统的开发、使用过程中的应用目的和重要作用，然后描述了模拟测试软件与指挥作战自动化系统的接口，最后介绍了利用新型仿真技术研制的模拟测试软件的功能，详细说明模拟测试软件的组成和实现和工作流程。     

A Theoretical Approach for Estimating Fracture Toughness of Ductile Metals

Fracture toughness is very important when applying Damage Tolerance Design and Assessment Techniques. The traditional testing approach for obtaining fracture toughness values is costly and time consuming. In order to estimate the fracture toughness of ductile metals, the fracture mechanics theory, materials plastic deformation theory and materials constructive relationships are employed here. A series of formulae and a theoretical approach are presented to calculate fracture toughness values of different materials in the plane stress and plane strain conditions. Compared with test results, evaluated values have a good agreement.     

Testing and Evaluation for Web Usability Based on Extended Markov Chain Model

As the increasing popularity and complexity of Web applications and the emergence of their new characteristics. the testing and maintenance of large, complex Web applications are becoming more complex and difficult. Web applications generally contain lots of pages and are used by enormous users. Statistical testing is an effective way of ensuring their quality. Web usage can be accurately described by Markov chain which has been proved to be an ideal model for software statistical testing. The results of unit testing can b eutilized in the latter stages, wbich is an important strategy for bottom-to-top integration testing, and the other improvement of extended Markov chain model (FMM) is to present the error type vector which is treated as a part of page node. This paper also proposes the algorithm for generating test cases of usage paths. Finally, optional usage reliability evaluation methods and an incremental usability regression testing model for testing and evaluation are presented.     

铆接结构中缺陷的脉冲远场涡流定量评估技术

针对飞机机身铆接结构检测中难以对缺陷进行定量评估的问题,将脉冲远场涡流检测技术运用于铆接结构缺陷检测之中。利用脉冲激励频谱成分丰富、可提取特征信息较多的优势对铆接结构中缺陷的定量评估技术展开研究。首先,建立铆接结构脉冲远场涡流三维检测模型,对缺陷进行检测,从而确定缺陷位置。在此基础上,分析缺陷类型、尺寸对检测信号的影响发现直接耦合分量幅值与上下表面缺陷深度之间具有不同的变化关系,从而实现对缺陷的分类识别。最终,利用信号的过零时间变化量实现对缺陷深度的定量,在缺陷深度已知的情况下,进一步利用直接耦合分量幅值变化对上表面缺陷长度进行定量;利用间接耦合分量幅值变化对下表面缺陷长度进行定量。     

油田埋地碳钢管道外腐蚀行为研究

针对大庆油田龙虎泡作业区埋地碳钢管道外腐蚀较为严重的情况,通过检测埋管防护层破损点周围土壤的物理、化学性质和硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）数量,分析土壤的腐蚀性。采用扫描电镜能谱（SEM-EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和红外光谱（IR）等技术对管道外壁腐蚀物的形貌、元素组成和矿物成分等进行了表征和分析。借助动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）进一步研究了埋地碳钢管道外壁在土壤浸出液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,作业区潮湿的盐碱性土壤环境和复杂多变的土壤性质使该地区埋地碳钢管道发生腐蚀;腐蚀产物主要包括Fe₃O₄和FeOOH,其中FeOOH位于外层,Fe₃O₄位于内层;腐蚀产物通过参与阴极反应或充当大阴极来加剧管道腐蚀。     

基于二进制熵的加解密函数定位方法

针对二进制程序模糊测试中加解密函数定位准确率低的问题,提出一种基于二进制熵的加解密函数定位方法.该方法对二进制程序的控制流信息进行模型构建以定位程序关键代码,提取关键代码前后的数据流并计算其二进制熵,通过前后二进制熵的关系确定被测代码中是否存在加解密函数.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效发现程序中的加解密函数,准确率大于99%;该方法可以用于提高模糊测试发现漏洞的能力,具有一定的实用价值.      

Damage evolution and failure mechanism of thermal barrier coatings under Vickers indentation by using acoustic emission technique

Acoustic emission(AE) technique was adopted to monitor the damage evolution of air plasma-sprayed(APS) yttria-partially-stabilized zirconia(YSZ) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) during instrumented indentation testing, and then the failure mechanisms were investigated by cluster analysis and wavelet transform methods.The results of cluster analysis showed that there were three classes associated with distinct failure types for the 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation. Based on wavelet transform, these three clusters could be clearly distinguished from their dominant frequency bands, which were concentrated on levels A5(0–156.25 kHz), D5(156.25–312.5 kHz) and D4(312.5–625 kHz), respectively. Thus, the failure mechanism of 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation could be clarified by the distribution of different failure types in indentation depth. To sum up, as indentation load increases, the 8YSZ coatings can accommodate the indenter by elastic or little plastic deformation, microcracks propagation and then debonding at the splat boundaries. By comparing the distribution of AE signals induced by different failure types in indentation depth for samples with different thermal exposure time, it can be inferred that thermal exposure treatment can accelerate the degradation of APS 8YSZ TBCs.     

涡流检测自然裂纹与信号处理

在用涡流检测(Eddy Current Testing,ECT)法评价设备缺陷时,缺陷信号由于受到探头提离及设备结构变化引起的非缺陷信号及环境噪声的影响而恶化,直接影响到对缺陷的正确评估.采集了自然裂纹 ECT 信号并根据其特点,采用小波变换对其进行了去噪处理.首先将 ECT 信号进行小波分解,去除非缺陷信号及白噪声信号分量,然后对小波系数进行反变换,重构缺陷信号.对一维和二维 ECT 信号处理结果表明这种信号处理技术对提取湮没在非缺陷信号和自噪声中的缺陷信号非常有效.     

超声相控阵低信噪比背景下相关相位校正

超声相控阵中,相位校正在消除相位畸变中起着重要作用。部分相控阵探头,阵元的面积小,回波信号弱,信噪比差。针对该问题,首先研究了邻近和集总相关估计在不同信噪比情况下的校正性能:发现信噪比SNR>12 dB时,邻近相关估计基本不产生估计误差;SNR<5 dB时,邻近相关估计产生的误差随着信噪比下降急剧增大。而集总相关即使在噪声强度较小时也不能做到估计误差为0;在噪声强度增大的过程中,其估计误差并未急剧增加,这与邻近相关估计不同。根据邻近和集总相关的特点,提出了混合相关校正结构。实验表明,混合相关充分利用了邻近和集总相关估计的优点,显著提高了图像质量。     

Automatic Defect Detection in X-Ray Images Using Image Data Fusion

Introduction A welded structure must be inspected to guarantee that the weld quality meets the design requirements to as- sure safety and reliability. However, X-ray image analyses and defect recognition are very complex. Most difficulties lie in finding …