技术合作博弈中的政府补贴政策研究

建立了在存在政府政策保护的情况下,两个国家间的三阶段博弈模型.结果表明:(1)政府的R＆D补贴提高了企业的R＆D投资,但不会减少竞争企业的R＆D投资.而且,企业在R＆D中的投资不能影响其竞争企业的产出;(2)当几乎不存在技术交流与合作时,企业将在R＆D中过度投资;当两个企业间存在技术交流与合作时,企业在R＆D中投资不足;(3)当技术引进所占比例较大时,政府必要的补贴和保护还是必要的;当技术创新主要靠自主研发时,政府可以少补贴或者不补贴.     

城市地理信息三维可视化研究

讨论的城市地理信息系统三维可视化技术致力于将传统的地理信息系统和虚拟现实技术结合起来，通过对图形数据和属性数据库的共同管理、分析及操作，实现数据可视化，为城市管理和决策提供准确、及时、全面的信息、依据和手段，促进城市管理的规范和科学化。本文建立的三维可视化城市地理信息系统使用了细节层次(Level of Detail，LOD)显示技术和视景分块调度技术来提高实时性。     

基于矩阵到3NF保持函数依赖的模式分解

利用矩阵这一工具，研究了到３ＮＦ保持函数依赖的模式分解，文中基于矩阵给出了判定３ＮＦ的若干定理，并提出矩阵行相容，矩阵包含和矩阵合并等新的定义，给出了基于矩阵到３ＮＦ保持函数依赖的模式分解算法。     

一氯片呐酮与1,2,4—三唑缩合条件的研究

对—氯片呐酮与1,2,4—三唑缩合为1—(1,2,4—三唑基—1) —片呐酮时的分子比、溶剂、缚酸剂、反应时间等条件进行了研究,得到一种适合放大应用于工业生产的以乙醇为溶剂的最佳缩合条件。     

Cyclotrimerization of nitriles catalyzed by Li<Subscript>3</Subscript>N

Nitriles were unexpectedly trimerized into s-triazines or amino-pyrimidines in high yields in the presence of catalytic amount of Li3N, resulting in a simple, solvent-free and easy-to-scale-up one-pot way to synthesize s-triazines and 4-amino-pyrimidines with high yield.     

一个基于Web方式E-Learning教学系统的设计与实现

随着教育信息化的不断深入,计算机文化教育已成为信息社会发展的基本要求本.文章讨论构造一个基于Web方式的E-Learning教学系统"计算机文化基础电子教程"的设计与实现.     

Isolation of human epidermal stem cells by adherence and the reconstruction of skin equivalents

The isolation of human epidermal stem cells is critical for their clinical applications. In the present study, we isolated three populations of epidermal keratinocytes according to their ability to adhere to collagen type IV: i.e., rapidly adhering (RA), slowly adhering (SA), and non-adhering (NA) cells. The aim of this study was to characterize RA cells and to investigate the possibility of using these cells for epidermis reconstruction. To identify RA cells, flow cytometric analysis was performed using anti-₆ integrin and anti-CD71 antibodies. RA cells express high levels of ₆ integrin and low levels of CD71, which are considered as markers of an epidermal stem cell nature. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed that RA cells are small and have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, whereas SA and NA cells have well-developed cellular organelles and abundant tonofilaments. Western blot analysis showed that RA cells are slow cycling and express p63, a putative epidermal stem cell marker, whereas SA and NA cells express c-Myc, which is known to regulate stem cell fate. To compare epidermal regenerative abilities, skin equivalents (SEs) were made using RA, SA, and NA cells. The epidermis constructed from RA cells was well formed compared to those formed from SA or NA cells. In addition, only SEs with RA cells expressed ₆ integrin and ₁ integrin at the basal layer. These results indicate that RA cells represent epidermal stem cells and are predominately comprised of stem cells. Therefore, the isolation of RA cells using a simple technique offers a potential route to their clinical application, because they are easily isolated and provide a high yield of epidermal stem cells.Received 2 July 2004; received after revision 20 August 2004; accepted 10 September 2004     

Profiling of the secreted proteins during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation leads to the identification of novel adipokines

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ capable of secreting a number of adipokines with a role in the regulation of adipose tissue and whole-body metabolism. We used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry to profile the secreted proteins from (pre)adipocytes. The culture medium of 3T3-L1 cells during adipocyte differentiation was screened, and 41 proteins that responded to blocking of secretion by 20°C treatment and/or brefeldin A treatment were identified. Prohibitin, stress-70 protein, and adhesion-regulating molecule 1 are reported for the first time as secreted proteins. In addition, procollagen C-proteinase enhancer protein, galectin-1, cyclophilin A and C, and SF20/IL-25 are newly identified as adipocyte secreted factors. Secretion profiles indicated a dynamic environment including an actively remodeling extracellular matrix and several factors involved in growth regulation.Received 15 June 2004; received after revision 26 July 2004; accepted 2 August 2004