Transition-metal-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles for oxygen evolution reaction

Hematite(α-Fe_2O_3)has been extensively studied as a promising photocatalyst,with the capacity to split water under visible light.To tune its electronic structure and improve the performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),high-quality single crystals ofα-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles were synthesized and doped by various transition metals(M=V,Cr,Mn,Zn,Co,Ni,Cu,Nb,Mo,Ti)by a molten-salt flux method.Optical,electronic and catalytic properties of transition-metal-dopedα-Fe_2O_3(TM-dopedα-Fe_2O_3)have been systematically investigated.Cobalt has been identified as the best dopant forα-Fe_2O_3,reducing the OER overpotential by 0.16 V with respect to the undoped.     

WO3 nanoflakes decorated with CuO clusters for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

The low quantum efficiency arising from poor charges transfer and insufficient light absorption is one of the critical challenges toward achieving highly efficient water splitting in photoelectrochemical cells. Three dimensions(3D) structures and heterojunctions have received intensive research interests recent years due to their excellent ability to separate photo-generated charges as well as the enhanced light harvesting property. Herein,3 D Cu O/WO_3 structure was fabricated through a facile solvothermal method followed by chemical bath deposition. The loading of Cu O clusters on WO_3 nanoflake arrays results in a much improved photocurrent density compared with that of pristine WO_3 nanoflake arrays, which reaches 1.8 m A/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement demonstrates that the improved performance of Cu O/WO_3 electrode is attributed to the accelerated charge transfer kinetics as a result of the desirable band alignment in Cu O/WO_3 heterojunction. This work demonstrates a facile strategy to construct superior WO_3 electrode, which will ultimately allow for efficient storage of solar energy into hydrogen.     

Morphology of tube-like threads related to Limnochares aquatica (L., 1758) (Acariformes: Hydrachnidia: Limnocharidae) in the laboratory

Water mites Limnochares aquatica (L., 1758) during maintenance in the laboratory for a long period of time in constant conditions periodically produced certain whitish flocculent material consisting of long rigid unbranched tube-like threads 1.3 ± 0.3 µm in diameter crossing freely. These threads were studied using light-optical as well as transmission electron microscopical and scanning electron microscopical methods. Microbiological staining was also applied to the threads to exclude their bacterial or fungal origin. The thread wall is built of fine fibrils arranged at different angles to the long axis of threads that is reflected in a certain stratification of the wall. Threads are mostly hollow or may contain electron-dense homogeneous material. No cell components are present in the thread composition. Numerous dermal glands with their small slit-like orifice scattered throughout the mite body surface are thought to produce these threads. Most probably the thread formation is a reaction of mites to stress under laboratory conditions, and this is expected to be a type of defensive reaction.     

铝制沐浴水热回收器的初步设计

对一种新型的铝制沐浴水热回收器进行初步设计。该沐浴水热回收器具有成本低,回收效率高等优点。介绍其工作原理,并以某三口之家为例,计算该热回收器的节能效益。结合沐浴水余热使用情况不合理的现状,讨论其发展前景。     

程善之《残水浒》对水浒空白结构的发现与弥合

民国程善之的《残水浒》作为水浒续作,充分发掘了《水浒传》中众多情节和人物描写方面的空白,像扈三娘的失语、众军官的出路、石碣的来历等,并将自己对国事的关注和因果思想纳入其间,还将现代的女性节义观借程小姐之口进行了阐发。尽管《残水浒》存在诸多缺陷,但作为善读水浒之作,对于水浒的接受则增益不少。     

鄱阳湖(西北水域)水环境现状及其评价

依据“十一五”期间鄱阳湖西北水域设立的8个监测断面动态监测资料,分析了鄱阳湖内该区域水环境的现状,进行了水体水质的分析和评价,并采用综合营养指数法和N/P法,进行了该区域的富营养化评价.结果表明,鄱阳湖(西北部水域)水质整体上达到国标《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)中Ⅲ类水标准,仅都昌、蛤蟆石2个监测断...     

淀山湖后生浮游动物群落结构特征分析

于2008年10月至2009年10月对淀山湖浮游动物的群落结构组成及现存量进行了调查研究.共鉴定浮游动物80种,其中轮虫46种(58％),枝角类21种(26％),桡足类13种(16％),优势种主要为螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、矩形龟甲轮虫(Keratella quadrata)、曲腿龟甲轮...     

于桥水库菹草过度生长对水质的影响及成因分析

通过对于桥水库水生植物种群群落和生物量的调查,分析水质监测成果和影响菹草生长的因素,研究菹草过度生长对水库水质的影响,探究于桥水库菹草疯长发生成因.对Lambert-Beer定律公式进行变换,分析水下太阳辐照度与水深和透明度的关系.结果表明:在菹草死亡腐败期,过量菹草衰亡释放的高营养盐和有机质对水质影响较大,恶化程度近1倍,持续时间约为1周;导致于桥水库出现菹草疯长现象的主要原因是光照度、透明度、水深和水温等条件;当透明度一定时,4月水位提高1,m,水下太阳辐照度将降低56.5%,菹草所能获得的光照能量大大减少,从而抑制了菹草过度生长.以Lambert-Beer定律为理论依据,提出采用提高水位、改变高水位运行时间抑制菹草过度生长的新方法.     

云霄杜塘水库富营养化与蓝藻水华爆发前后控制与调查

水库因生态环境急剧恶化导致水体富营养氧化状态严重,蓝藻水华随之爆发,严重影响了人民正常的生活及经济发展.本文介绍了蓝藻爆发的成因,通过一系列有效的水库富营养化改善措施,切断和控制污染源、开辟水源、实施生态修复、整治周边环境,并且加强水库的水体水质监测,为有效的治理水库富营养化提供科学可靠的实时数据,以恢复水体功能,保障饮水安全和生态平衡.     

梯级生态浮床系统净化富营养化水体的示范工程研究

针对富营养化严重的新角浦河,构建了梯级生态浮床系统(SFTW),开展河道水体的净化处理示范工程研究.结果表明,该系统对CODcr,NH+4-N,TN和TP的去除率最高分别可达21.26%,29.07%,37.95%和20.74%.治理后的示范河段除TN仍为劣V类外,CODcr,NH+4-N和TP出水浓度均达到V类标准,...