SRB法检测亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞生长的影响

目的检测亚硒酸钠对胃上皮细胞系SGC-7901细胞生长的影响.方法采用SRB实验法.结果5,10,20μmol/L的亚硒酸钠作用SGC-7901细胞24,48,72,96 h后,吸光度A值分别为:0.22,0.65,0.85,0.70;0.28,0.62,0.66,0.50;0.24,0.40,0.36,0.20.对照组为:0.36,0.72,1.25,1.30.结论亚硒酸钠对SGC-7901细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,该抑制作用与亚硒酸钠的浓度和作用时间呈正相关.     

大鼠骨髓基质细胞培养的实验研究

目的探讨体外培养大鼠骨髓基质细胞的可行性,为细胞移植治疗疾病奠定基础.方法采用淋巴细胞分离液(1.077 g/L)离心分离MSCs.加入碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)进行培养,并用流式细胞仪进行荧光三标检测鉴定.结果分离后的MSCs在生长因子的作用下出现增殖性生长,经流式细胞仪检测显示CD90,CD106阳性,CD45阴性.结论可在体外培养出较大密度大鼠骨髓基质细胞.     

基于物理性质捕获循环肿瘤细胞的微流控芯片

为满足利用微流控技术实现芯片上循环肿瘤细胞捕获日益增长的需求,研制出基于肿瘤细胞尺寸和变形性进行分离的微流控芯片。基于细胞尺寸和变形性差异原理设计芯片,利用半导体加工技术制备出以玻璃和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为材料的微流控芯片,使用8μm间隔的微柱作为捕获单元,应用于乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7肿瘤细胞的捕获;并以MCF-7细胞为模型,考查了芯片的分选条件和分选效果。在1 mL/h流速下,MCF-7细胞捕获率可达到68%;多次实验结果表明该芯片捕获的最佳流速为1 mL/h。Calcein-AM和Hoechst对MCF-7细胞进行染色,可方便对捕获后细胞进行识别和拍照。结果基于细胞尺寸和变形性原理所设计的捕获循环肿瘤细胞微流控芯片操作简单、成本低、通量高,有望逐步用于临床循环肿瘤细胞检测。     

Carbon-free nanoporous gold based membrane electrocatalysts for fuel cells

Nanoporous gold (NPG) membranes made by dealloying consist of a bicontinuous network of Au ligaments and open pore channels, which have gained considerable attention as a platform for the design of carbon-free electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Benefiting from a unique combination of high electronic conductivity, high surface area, and modifiable surface chemistry, these self-supporting membrane type electrodes allow integration of various structural functions required for specific electrode reactions and simultaneously facilitate the entire fuel cell kinetic process. In this review, we summarize the major research progresses in this area, with an emphasis on how to customize the surface structures of these three-dimensional electrocatalysts for desired fuel molecule oxidation and oxidant reduction. We will also discuss these designed structural characteristics that can be readily accommodated in membrane electrode assemblies (MEA), thus effectively bridging the technological gap between electrocatalysts’ intrinsic activities and their actual performances in fuel cells.     

Patterning the neuronal cells via inkjet printing of self-assembled peptides on silk scaffolds

The patterning of neuronal cells and guiding neurite growth are important for neuron tissue engineering and cell-based biosensors. In this paper, inkjet printing has been employed to pattern self-assembled I₃QGK peptide nanofibers on silk substrates for guiding the growth of neuron-like PC12 cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the dynamic self-assembly of I₃QGK into nanofiber structures. The printed self-assembled peptide strongly adheres to regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) substrates through charge-charge interactions. It was observed that in the absence of I₃QGK, PC12 cells exhibited poor attachment to RSF films, while for RSF surfaces coated or printed with peptide nanofibers, cellular attachment was significantly improved in terms of both cell density and morphology. AFM results revealed that peptide nanofibers can promote the generation of axons and terminal buttons of PC12 cells, indicating that I₃QGK nanofibers not only promote cellular attachment but also facilitate differentiation into neuronal phenotypes. Inkjet printing allows complex patterning of peptide nanofibers onto RSF substrates, which enabled us to engineer cell alignment and provide an opportunity to direct axonal development in vitro. The live/dead assay showed that printed I₃QGK patterns exhibit no cytotoxicity to PC12 cells demonstrating potential for future nerve tissue engineering applications.     

基于改进离散粒子群算法构建制造单元

在未知最佳分群单元数的情况下,考虑了零件多种可选工艺路径和零件工艺顺序,建立基于最小化零件跨单元移动次数的数学模型.通过引入自适应变异因子,提出一种改进的离散粒子群优化算法能动态地确定分群单元数,极大地减少了算法陷入局部最优解的可能.通过对文献中不同规模的单元构建问题进行求解,结果证明了该方法有效,并且无需预先设定分群单元数即可获得与文献中相同甚至更好的结果.     

EGF-induced programmed cell death of human mammary carcinoma MDA-MB-468 cells is preceded by activation of AP-1

MDA-MB-468 is a human mammary adenocarcinoma cell line that overexpresses the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and undergoes programmed cell death (apoptosis) in response to EGF treatment. Programmed cell death was shown to be greatly enhanced when cells were growth-arrested prior to EGF treatment. Apoptosis was characterized by an initial rounding up and detachment of the cells from their substrate starting about 12 h after EGF treatment, followed by chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of the DNA at about 24 to 48 h. Cell death was dependent on de novo protein synthesis. We found a rapid induction of c-fos, c-jun and junB at the mRNA level after about 30 min of EGF treatment and a more delayed upregulation of fosB and fra-1. The junD gene was expressed in the absence of EGF, and it was moderately induced within 30 min of growth factor addition. The increase of the different fos and jun mRNAs were paralleled by an increase of activator protein-1 (AP-1) DNA binding activity. A characterization of the AP-1 complex revealed similar levels of several Fos and Jun proteins. Based on the kinetics of AP-1 accumulation and cell death, it seems likely that AP-1 contributes to the apoptotic cell death of EGF receptor-overexpressing MDA-MB-468 cells. Received 21 July 1997; received after revision 6 November 1997; accepted 6 November 1997     

红豆杉离体培养染色体数变异与细胞多核现象

分别对在固体培养基上静止培养和在摇瓶、１０Ｌ及１００Ｌ生物反应器内悬浮培养的红豆杉茎尖和根尖离体细胞进行染色体数目观察,发现其染色体数目主要类型和亲本株相同,为２ｎ＝２４,且存在较大比例的染色体数目变异的细胞．还发现,离体培养红豆杉细胞有丝分裂间期存在多核现象．认为染色体数目的变异可能是红豆杉离体培养细胞紫杉醇产量不稳定的主要原因．     

双重优化对基于P3HT:PCBM有机太阳能电池效率的提高

有效提高太阳能电池对光的吸收效率是提高太阳能电池能量转换效率的重要因素.在以poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)为电子给体材料,[6,6]-phenyl C60-butyric acid methyl eater(PCBM)为电子受体材料的有机太阳能电池中,Poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)与活性层之间插入不同厚度的P3HT层,并在P3HT层最佳厚度的基础上,进一步在活性层中掺杂不同比例的Ag纳米粒子,双重优化了电池器件.当插入45 nm的P3HT层及掺杂质量比为5%的Ag纳米粒子时活性层薄膜的形貌及内部结构得到了改善,电池对光的吸收,及外量子效率得到了显著地提高,并出现红移现象.在25°C,光强为100 mW/cm2的条件下测量其短路电流密度JSC为11.21 mA/cm2,能量转化效率PCE为3.79%.     

印楝细胞培养物控制黄粉虫幼虫的研究

为了探究印楝细胞培养物控制害虫的效果,本文通过诱导幼叶、继代培养获得印楝的松散型愈伤组织,再经振荡培养获得悬浮细胞培养物;然后采用二氯甲烷溶剂浸提愈伤组织、悬浮培养物及悬浮培养细胞,制备相应的浸提液;用二氯甲烷分别将这些浸提液稀释成含0.003%印楝素A的控虫工作液,用其分别处理黄粉虫幼虫,在12d内,考察其控虫效果.结果表明:3种浸提液的致死效应明显高于阴性对照,其中,第9天的最大致死率达到20%,但它们要明显低于0.003%印楝素乳油农药的处理;3种浸提液对幼虫的虫体质量、拒食和趋避作用等方面效果较好,均达到印楝乳油杀虫剂的控虫水平.印楝细胞培养物经一步浸提后,直接用于控虫制剂的生产,可以节约分离、提纯印楝素等生产性成本.