Amoeboid movement: A review and proposal of a ‘membrane ratchet’ model

Summary Diverse cell types, including Amoebae, leukocytes, embryonic cells and tumour cells move about on solid surfaces to accomplish such activities as feeding, bacterial destruction, embryological development and metastasis. Theories of the mechanism of this movement are reviewed and a model is proposed which invokes the existence of specific, laterally mobile, transmembranous structures in the cell membrane, which are reversibly adhesive for both the contractile apparatus of the cell internally, and the substratum externally. By this model, the movement of all these cell types can be explained.     

Effect of high doses of somatostatin on adenylate cyclase activity in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes from normal subjects and from acute leukemia patients

Summary In normal lymphocytes somatostatin non-competitively inhibited basal (ID₅₀ 5×10^–4 M) and isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity (Ac). In acute leukemia blasts, non-responsive to isoproterenol, forskolin, which activates the catalytic subunit, stimulated and somatostatin inhibited Ac, thus indicating the leukemic enzyme, though defective, retains the inhibitory pathway and catalyst function.     

The effects of ethanol on embryonic actin: A possible role in teratogenesis

Summary When the neural crest is cultured in the long or short term presence of ethanol, monoclonal anti-actin reveals the development of a disorganized actin cytoskeleton. In the long term, many cells fail to differentiate morphologically, whereas in the short term already differentiated cells rapidly alter their shape and their cell-to-cell contacts.     

Retroviruses released from a human tumor xenograft in nude mice induce colony-stimulating factor (CSF) activity in human fibroblastic cells

Summary A human colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-producing tumor transplanted into athymic nude mice released retroviruses in vitro. The viruses induced CSF activity in human fibroblastic cell lines.     

利用扫描电子显微镜像片测定人血球的体积

利用扫描电子显微镜拍摄红血球立体像片对,并对其测绘了等值线图和测定了体积。红血球体积的测定,可以采用本文中的任何一种方法。文中还叙述了测定血球体积的三种方法,即利用红血球等值线图计算体积的方法;数字高程模型(DEM)方法;分带截面法。通过试验证明红血球的体积大小不等,形状也不完全一样,有球形、环状、卵形和椭圆等,红血球总形状是两面微凹,中间薄,最低点约0.23μm,边缘部厚,最高点约为1.51μm,其直径平均值为7.4μm(6.9～7.8μm),体积平均约为18.91μm~3(试验数据的平均值)。     

Gametes contain angiotensin converting enzyme (kininase II)

Summary The localization of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the gonads of the normal rabbit was studied by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. The enzyme is present in the cytoplasm of testicular spermatids and of epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa, and on the surface of follicular and tubal cocytes. These findings support the hypothesis that ACE has a role in gamete maturation and in fertilization.Acknowledgments. This study was supported by NIH grant AM36807 and by grants from the American Heart Association, the Joe and Emily Lowe Foundation, and the Dana Foundation. We thank L. Fernandez, B. Luders, I. Pawlowski, and K. Schwegler for technical assistance.     

Serotonin is localized in endothelial cells of coronary arteries and released during hypoxia: A possible new mechanism for hypoxia-induced vasodilatation of the rat heart

Summary In this report we demonstrate the immunocytochemical localization of serotonin in endothelial cells of rat coronary vessels and a significant increase in the release of serotonin into the perfusate of Langendorff rat heart preparations during hypoxia. It is suggested that serotonin, localized in endothelial cells, is released during hypoxia and could provide part of a pathophysiological mechanism for vasodilatation to protect the heart from damage due to hypoxia.This research was supported by the British Heart Foundation and the excellent technical assistance of Jon Bokor is gratefully acknowledged.     

Super-high sensitivity systems for detection and spectral analysis of ultraweak photon emission from biological cell cells and tissues

Summary In this paper we summarize and discuss the modern technology and systems, studied and established by our research group, for performing the detection and special analysis incorporated with the super-high senstivity photon counting method for the study of ultraweak photon emission; for example, extra-weak bioluminescence and chemiluminescence from living cells and tissues, closely related to biochemical and biophysical processes and activities. An excellent sensitivity of the basic photon counting system, making it possible to achieve count rates in the very low range of one photoelectron per second to one per minute, allowed us to carry out in vivo as well as in vitro measurements, and analyses of ultraweak bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. Recent results concerning ultraweak photon emission from blood samples and organ homogenates of rats are presented and reviewed as one of the interesting and valuable applications of our modern technology for studying ultraweak cell and tissue radiation.     

Pineal function cannot prevent the occurrence of castration cells in male rats

Summary The relationship between the pineal gland and the pituitary gland was investigated in male rats. The results indicate that the hypothalamo-adenohypophysial-gonadal axis is affected by the pineal gland, but the appearance of castration cells following gonal ablation may be only slightly modified by alterations in pineal gland function.     

固定化茁芽丝孢酵母菌122降解苯酚的特性

用海藻胶和明胶混合包埋茁芽丝孢酵母菌122细胞制成凝胶珠,再用戊二醛交联,制得固定化细胞,试验比较了固定化细胞与游离细胞降解苯酚的最适pH、最适温度、pH和热稳定性、对CN~-、S~(2-)和金属离子的耐受性以及细胞的稳定性等,测定了细胞的K_m和V_m值,探讨了固定化细胞流化床反应器连续处理苯酚的特性。