柴油超深度脱硫技术进展

降低柴油中硫含量对于提高汽车尾气排放质量从而保护环境具有十分重要的意义。生产超低硫柴油的技术主要有加氢脱硫(HDS)和非加氢脱硫两大方法。概述了深度加氢脱硫的机理和需要解决的关键问题。柴油的深度加氢脱硫需要有效分解馏分油中的4,6-二苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)等难脱除的化合物。提出了研制高活性深度HDS催化剂的思路和途径并介绍了近年国内外柴油深度加氢脱硫研究的成果。此外对非加氢脱硫技术中的吸附法、氧化法和生物技术深度脱硫的研究近况也做了介绍。加氢方法和非加氢方法的有机结合是十分有前途的生产超低硫柴油的手段。     

基于IPv6的分布式实时网络测量系统设计

针对当前许多网络测量系统无法进行实时网络流量监测以及无法支持下一代互联网协议IPv6等不足,提出了一种基于IPv6的比特模式流定义方法和数据结构实时网络测量系统.系统通过在IPv6扩展首部中承载测量信息实现精确流测量,减少了测量开销,提高了测量效率.比特模式流定义方法提供了一种灵活的按需流定义方式,使系统能在IPv4/IPv6环境下实现流测量工作.实验证明,整个系统运行正常、效果良好.     

Theoretical construction in physics – The role of Leibniz for Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’

This paper aims at closing a gap in recent Weyl research by investigating the role played by Leibniz for the development and consolidation of Weyl's notion of theoretical (symbolic) construction. For Weyl, just as for Leibniz, mathematics was not simply an accompanying tool when doing physics—for him it meant the ability to engage in well-guided speculations about a general framework of reality and experience. The paper first introduces some of the background of Weyl's notion of theoretical construction and then discusses particular Leibnizian inheritances in Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’, such as the general appreciation of the principles of sufficient reason and of continuity. Afterwards the paper focuses on three themes: first, Leibniz's primary quality phenomenalism, which according to Weyl marked the decisive step in realizing that physical qualities are never apprehended directly; second, the conceptual relation between continuity and freedom; and third, Leibniz's notion of ‘expression’, which allows for a certain type of (surrogative) reasoning by structural analogy and which gave rise to Weyl's optimism regarding the scope of theoretical construction.     

基于IRS—P6AWIFS遥感影像和GIS的湖北省生态环境评价

以IRS-P6 AWIFS遥感影像为主要数据源,利用监督分类方法进行土地利用/覆被分类,在GIS技术支持下,通过空间分析提取出生物丰度指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数、土地退化指数、环境质量指数等评价信息.依据国家环境监测总站2006年颁布的〈生态环境状况评价技术规范〉（HJ/192-2006）建立生态环境质量评价模型,通过模型的空间叠加进行湖北省生态环境状况评价. 结果 表明湖北省各地市生态环境状况总体较好,这与湖北各地的自然条件、气候条件、资源开发与利用等因素具有较好的相关性,表明评价模型是科学客观的.本文探索了IRS-P6 AWIFS数据和GIS技术相结合的生态环境状况评价方法,对区域生态环境的保护和改善具有积极意义.     

焊接工艺对6005A-T6铝合金焊接接头晶间腐蚀性能的影响

采用激光填丝焊（laser wire filler welding,LFW）、冷金属过渡（cold metal transfer,CMT）焊和熔化极惰性气体保护（melt inert-gas,MIG）焊方法对6005A-T6铝合金板材进行焊接,研究不同焊接方法得到的焊接件的接头处、焊缝区、热影响区的抗晶间腐蚀能力。研究结果表明：在相同晶间腐蚀环境下,LFW接头处较CMT焊、MIG焊接头处的抗晶间腐蚀能力强;CMT焊焊缝区较MIG焊焊缝区的抗晶间腐蚀能力强,但热影响区抗晶间腐蚀的能力相反;3种接头各自热影响区的抗晶间腐蚀能力均弱于各自焊接接头处和焊缝区的抗晶间腐蚀能力。     

采用硬件加脱密算法实现IPv6网关

针对IPv6网络协议,提出了采用硬件加脱密算法的网关模型。该模型通过构建ESP安全隧道能够保证IPv6网络环境中数据的完整性和机密性。模型的实现技术采用软硬件相结合的方法,采用硬件方式提高加脱密处理速度。同时还针对预留的QoS字段探讨出一套利用密码网关来配合实施服务质量的方案。     

N-acetylmuramic acid 6-phosphate lyases (MurNAc etherases): role in cell wall metabolism, distribution, structure, and mechanism

MurNAc etherases cleave the uniqued-lactyl ether bond of the bacterial cell wall sugar N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc). Members of this newly discovered family of enzymes are widely distributed among bacteria and are required to utilize peptidoglycan fragments obtained either from the environment or from the endogenous cell wall (i.e., recycling). MurNAc etherases are strictly dependent on the substrate MurNAc possessing a free reducing end and a phosphoryl group at C6. They carry a single conserved sugar phosphate isomerase/sugar phosphate- binding (SIS) domain to which MurNAc 6-phosphate is bound. Two subunits form an enzymatically active homodimer that structurally resembles the isomerase module of the double-SIS domain protein GlmS, the glucosamine 6-phosphate synthase. Structural comparison provides insights into the two-step lyase-type reaction mechanism of MurNAc etherases: β-elimination of the D-lactic acid substituent proceeds through a 2,3-unsaturated sugar intermediate to which water is subsequently added. Received 31 August 2007; received after revision 12 October 2007; accepted 1 November 2007     

The three-fingered protein domain of the human genome

Extracellular domains of some cellular receptors expressed in the organisms at different levels of development belong to three-fingered protein (TFP) fold. The Homo sapiens genome encodes at least 45 genes containing from one to three TFP domains (TFPDs), namely diverse paralogues of the Ly6 gene, CD59 and the receptors of activins, bone morphogenetic proteins, Mullerian inhibiting substance and transforming growth factor-β. C4.4a and urokinase/plasminogen activatory receptor contain two and three TFPD repeats, respectively. These diverse proteins have a low overall sequence similarity with each other and their hydrophobicity levels vary to a considerable degree. It is suggested that sequence differentiation within the TFPD led to distinct groups of proteins whose attributes were optimized to fit both the physicochemical properties specific to their functional microenvironment and selective targeting of their highly diversified extracellular cofactors. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Received 7 August 2008; accepted 29 August 2008     

空气液相催化氧化法制备2,6-萘二甲酸

为制备高分子单体2,6-萘二甲酸,以自制的2-甲基6-丙酰基萘为原料,在自建的一套氧化反应装置中,以钴锰溴类物质为催化剂,经空气液相催化氧化得到了2,6-萘二甲酸.并对氧化反应的产物进行了FT-IR和HLPC-MS表征;对氧化反应的工艺条件进行了研究.结果表明,氧化反应的较佳条件为:反应时间30 min,物料的溶剂质量比为15∶1,反应温度210℃,反应压力2.2 MPa,催化剂中钴的质量分数为0.1%,合适的催化剂质量配比1∶2∶3.产物的收率可达68%,产物的纯度大于95%.     

数据库多重条件查询的方法探讨

从实用的角度出发,讨论了利用VB6．0的ADO技术及SQL语句实现对数据库的多重条件组合查询的技巧和方法,其关键在于获取标准SQL语句中的查询字符串．由于模块具有通用性,因此可以缩短程序开发周期．