简析邓小平社会主义本质关系

邓小平社会主义本质论是对传统特征社会主义的扬弃．社会主义本质关系是分层次的，其作用各不相同．社会主义本质关系又是有机联系的整体．     

知识经济时代高等院校创新教育途径探索

从培养目标、培养模式、培养过程、培养内容、培养方法、培养手段等六个方面阐述高校创新教育，有针对性地提出高校创新教育内涵和实现创新教育的主要途径。     

设计教育中的环境教育研究

现代人类社会面临的环境问题日益严重,而解决环境问题的有效途径是环境教育。设计活动在创造人类生存的物质环境和生活方式方面起着关键作用,因而在解决环境问题方面具有重要地位。本文论述了环境教育的发展以及在设计教育中开展环境教育的作用,并就其中的问题进行了讨论。     

激光光束质量的评价方法

激光光束质量是一个很有现实意义的论题，对不同应用的激光光束其质量的评价标准一般不同。给出了几种有代表性的激光光束质量的评价方法，并分别对各种评价标准的合理性与适用性进行了详细的分析；研究了实际应用中对激光光束质量的一些要求和相关的评价参数。     

谈新课程理念及实践中的"杜威情结"

20世纪以来,中国的教育、教学改革一直深受杜威(John,Deney)的启发、影响。杜威坚持教育"实验"研究,他的教育理论著作不仅有其深厚的实用主义课程哲学理想,而且始终贯穿其心理学理念。他的"儿童中心"(学生为本),"做中学"(实践出真知),"教育即生活"(体验生活、回归生活)的本质诉求等等都充分体现在2001年以来中国基础教育课程改革理论与实践中。然而中国的现实结构,国情变化发展又不断冲击着成长变化迅猛的青少年"独生子女",为此,思考中国课改中的"杜威情结",一方面检讨现实儿童世界应予关注的问题,另一方面梳理"杜威现象"对中国教育进程、教育改革的影响,从而进一步反思"教育即生活"的基础教育教学。     

直面百姓苦难的民众情怀

胡学文以塞外坝上农民生活为核心的底层写作,以直面现实的勇气与真诚,写出了现代化进程中被文明、进步所遮蔽的偏远乡村惊人的苦难与愚昧,显示了作者直面黑暗的精神和同情民众的情怀。     

自然的世界,自然的人性——试分析霍桑在《红字》中的“自然”思想

霍桑在其代表作《红字》中不仅体现了当时的浪漫主义及其巅峰超验主义的影响,同时也突出了他本人独特的思想和对自然的理解.《红字》里的自然涉及到三方面:物质世界中的自然,自然的人性以及自然的生本质,这也是霍桑本人在现实生活中一直追求和向往的境界.     

Solving Non-Uniqueness in Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Using Multidendrograms

In agglomerative hierarchical clustering, pair-group methods suffer from a problem of non-uniqueness when two or more distances between different clusters coincide during the amalgamation process. The traditional approach for solving this drawback has been to take any arbitrary criterion in order to break ties between distances, which results in different hierarchical classifications depending on the criterion followed. In this article we propose a variable-group algorithm that consists in grouping more than two clusters at the same time when ties occur. We give a tree representation for the results of the algorithm, which we call a multidendrogram, as well as a generalization of the Lance andWilliams’ formula which enables the implementation of the algorithm in a recursive way. The authors thank A. Arenas for discussion and helpful comments. This work was partially supported by DGES of the Spanish Government Project No. FIS2006–13321–C02–02 and by a grant of Universitat Rovira i Virgili.     

Pierre Duhem’s virtue epistemology

Duhem’s concept of ‘good sense’ is central to his philosophy of science, given that it is what allows scientists to decide between competing theories. Scientists must use good sense and have intellectual and moral virtues in order to be neutral arbiters of scientific theories, especially when choosing between empirically adequate theories. I discuss the parallels in Duhem’s views to those of virtue epistemologists, who understand justified belief as that arrived at by a cognitive agent with intellectual and moral virtues, showing how consideration of Duhem as a virtue epistemologist offers insights into his views, as well as providing possible answers to some puzzles about virtue epistemology. The extent to which Duhem holds that the intellectual and moral virtues of the scientist determine scientific knowledge has not been generally noticed.     

漳州某基坑抽水引起地面沉降的初探

由于基坑快速抽水导致基坑周边地面沉降。通过对场地因抽水引起地面沉降的计算和试抽水等方面的前期工作,分析了因基坑降水对地面沉降的影响,并据此来调整完善基坑降水方案,取得了明显的社会和经济效益。