湘南某钨矿床中黑钨矿X射线衍射及红外光谱研究

本文利用X射线衍射及红外光谱分析,对湘南某钨矿床中黑钨矿进行研究,从矿物化学成分及结构特点出发,结合矿床地质调查,论证黑钨矿特性与成因的相互关系。通过X衍射数据最小二乘拟合解算及红外光谱图分析,证实本区黑钨矿晶胞参数和红外谱图特征,与黑钨矿完全类质同象系列二端员矿物——钨锰矿和钨铁矿相比较,显示过渡状态标型,这种黑钨矿是中温热液成因钨矿床的产物。     

铀在碱式碳酸锌固—液界面分配的台阶型吸附等温线

本文报导铀在碱式碳酸锌吸附剂固——液界面分配的台阶型吸附等温线。它有一个“拐点”,两个“平台”。表明铀与碱式碳酸锌的阴离子交换过程是分级进行的。在pH等于7.4的条件下,铀与碱式碳酸锌的交换过程可能是由分级离子交换等温线计算得到交换过程中的热焓变化。作图法求得分级离子交换平衡常数     

难选微细粒松软锰矿自磨解洗理论的探讨

简述针对矿石结构特点,采用多种特殊洗矿措施.阐述了自磨解洗的重要性,并查明了主要因素对指标影响的规律性.推导出矿粒在简体内的角速度运动方程和洗矿功的表达式.     

利用温度梯度法合成硫化物

以金属镁、钛、锆和钨以及升华硫为原料，通过温度梯度法合成了硫化镁、硫化钛、硫化锆和硫化钨，并利用X射线衍射分析了合成物的矿物组成，研究了合成体系内升华硫的蒸发量与合成体系容积大小、合成温度以及合成体系抗压强度等参数间的关系．研究结果表明，在本实验条件下，合成体系内的最大升华硫蒸发量应为1．15g，并根据此硫蒸发量控制合成体系内的温度梯度和升温速度，安全且大量地合成了硫化镁、硫化钛、硫化锆和硫化钨，其质量分别为56．37，112．00，155．36和247．97g．     

海浪和海流作用下的深海采矿输送系统参数分析

根据深海采矿输送管道在采矿船牵引下运动,同时受到管道和管内流体重力、浮力和海水阻力作用的情况,采用有限元对输送软管进行了计算分析.从计算结果的比较分析可知:在输送管道下端安装浮体,得到了一种十分理想的采矿系统;海流和海浪对管道上端的结点反力有较大的影响,对管道下端的结点反力和管道的形状影响较小;采矿船运动对管道产生很大的阻力,对管道两端的结点反力和管道形状影响都很大.图8,表1,参9.     

去除硅石中气液包裹体的研究

利用差异腐蚀方法对各种石英矿物进行处理 ,结果表明 ,去除气液包裹体的效果明显 ,同时还发现 ,通过测定石英颗粒在浸油中的光透过率 ,能够检验石英矿物气液包裹体被去除的程度。这对于深入研究硅石代替水晶技术有重要意义     

敦化泥炭矿物质组成的研究

选取敦化大桥和哈尔巴岭两个泥炭剖面，在实验室测定了泥炭矿物质组成及其剖面变化情况，并与吉林省东部其他泥炭剖面进行对比。结果显示：泥炭灰分含量远远低于同一剖面其下部矿质土的灰分含量；同一地区、同一成炭植物类型，因成矿类型不同，灰分含量有差异；与其他地区泥炭相比，敦化泥炭属于中等偏低灰分泥炭；灰成分中Na2O含量偏高。     

Nanometer properties of oceanic polymetallic nodules and cobalt-rich crusts

An ammonia leaching process was utilized to extract Co, Ni and Cu from oceanic polymetallic nodules, whereas an acid leaching process was utilized to extract Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Mn from cobalt-rich crusts. Both processes produced nanometer materials—ammonia leaching residue and acid leaching residue. A systematic study was conducted on the phase, composition and physicochemistry properties of these residues. The result shows that both residues contain a large amount of nanometer minerals. Ammonia l eaching residue mainly consists of rhodochrosite, with the average grain diameter of 17.9 nm; whereas the acid leaching residue mainly consists of well-developed bassanite, with the average grain deameter of 9.5 nm. The bassanite also has a microporous structure, the volume of the pore space is 1.23 × 10⁻² mL/g. Both the ammonia and acid leaching residues have a large specific surface area, and they display a strong adsorption capacity to saturate sodium chloride vapour, N₂ and SO₂. Both residues have high contents of rare earth elements, and most of these elements exist in the state of ionic adsorption. The content of σ FeO is high. The P₂O₅ enrichment is observable in acid leaching residues. The unique composition and nanometer solid properties of the leaching residues displayed their potential value and promised a bright future for their application in the field of environmental protection and materials.     

Formation of calcium phosphate mineral materialcontrolled by microemulsion

In order to prepare calcium phosphate-based material with nano-structure and bioactivity, natural lecithin and n-tetradecane were used as the amphipile and the oil phase respectively, along with the water phase, to form a microemulsion template. Phosphate mineralization was induced and controlled by the microemulsion. The products, characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis, are composed of lecithin and hydroxyapatite, and possess the nano-structure of sticks, balls and three-dimensional nets connected by tubes. These results show that the microemulsion can be used to control calcium phosphate mineralization for the preparation of biomimetic mineral materials with various nano-structures.