New evidence for the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau as a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China

Over 40 a observed temperature data in 172 stations in China and historical proxy data were analyzed. Evidence suggested that during 1980–1994, the warmest year appeared first in southeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau (henceforth SETP) and then gradually spread northwards and eastwards to eastern China. The climatic change on century time scale in recent 600 a shows 3 relatively warm and clod stages in China. Each warm and cold stage appeared first in Tibet Plateau (henceforth TP) and then in the Qilian Mountains, then in the eastern parts of China. The warm and cold stages in TP were 10–60 a earlier than in the eastern China. The facts show that TP is a pilot region of climatic fluctuation in China on the time scale shorter than 10³a.     

Preparation and optical properties of solid solution semiconductor (Zn x Cd1−x S) doped silica glasses

Semiconductor(Zn_xCd_1−x S) doped silica glasses were prepared by Sol-Gel process andin situ growth technique. The structure of the materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction technique, the particle size of semiconductor crystallites from X-ray patterns was estimated less than 10 nm. From absorption spectra, it is obtained that the absorption edges shifted to short wavelength direction when Zn contents increased, and the absorption edge can be adjusted from 2.46 eV to 2.96 eV by controlling Zn contents. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility was studied at 532 nm with 8 ns pulse laser by degenerate four wave mixing (DFWM) technique.     

Comprehensive evaluation of mechanism of “chimney effect” using principles of magnetism, geochemistry and mineralogy

Study of forming mechanism of "chimney-effect" (CE) has important significance for basic theory and applications of non-seismic geophysical and geochemical methods locating oil/gas reservoirs. The theoretical basis of comprehensive evaluation of mechanism of CE using principles of magnetism, geochemistry and mineralogy has been reviewed, with the problems to be solved: (ⅰ) study for the relationship between process of oil/gas migration and geochemical field; (ⅱ) analysis of genesis of magnetic, geochemical and mineralogical anomaly; (ⅲ) interpretation of surface soil magnetism and geochemical anomaly combined with seismic data.     

Third-order optical nonlinearities for lanthanum (Ⅲ) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline components

The nonlinear refractive indexes n 2 for the ethanol solutions of 1,10-phenanthroline (2.0×10 -3 mol·L -1), [bis(1,10-phenanthroline) lanthanum (Ⅲ)] nitrate (1.0×10 -3 mol·L -1), and [nitrato-fluoracil-bis (1,10-phenanthroline) lanthanum (Ⅲ)] nitrate (1.0×10 -3 mol·L -1) are first measured, the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities χ (3) and <γ> are calculated, and the mechanisms of the third-order optical nonlinearities enhanced by lanthanum (Ⅲ) are discussed preliminarily.     

十八烷基（2—亚硫酸）乙基二甲基铵的合成

由Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲基十八烷基胺和乙撑亚硫酸酯反应合成十八烷基（２－亚硫酸）乙基二甲基铵是一种新型的亚硫酸内酯型两性表面活性剂,经红外光谱和核磁共振谱分析,确定了该化合物的结构,该两性表面活性剂合成方法简单,原料易得,用途广泛,有发展前途。     

商标图象库检索的多层次结构方法

基于商标图象库应用背景和具体特征,提出一种商标图象检索的多层次方法．图象预处理阶段采用人机交互方式下３种半自动方法提取商标图象各区域对象．检索首先采用字符串匹配方法和传统数据库查询技术,动态减少图象搜索范围;在图象区域规格化下,相继用最小约束矩和基于Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ距离的相似性函数度量商标相似性程度,具有平移、旋转和尺度变换下的不变性和一定的抗噪声能力．实验结果表明,该方法有效和实用．     

基于改进混合模型的一类固定床反应器推断控制

对一类非绝热式固定床反应器提出了一种基于改进混合模型的非线性自适应推断控制策略：给出一种基于结合先验知识和人工神经网络的改进混合模型的推断估计器设计方法;提出一种改进程序变增益ＰＩＤ算法设计控制器;设计了该固定床反应器基于改进混合模型的推断控制系统。仿真结果表明：该推断估计器具有良好的静态和动态特性,较高的估计精度和较好的实时性,所需训练样本少,易于理解和研究及外推性能良好等特点,该推断控制系统还具有良好的跟踪和抗干扰性能。     

质心层次特征的无约束手写体数字识别

光学字符识别（ＯＣＲ）是模式识别最为成功的应用之一．目前,ＯＣＲ的研究重点是无约束手写体字符识别．采用了基于字符质心的层次特征对无约束手写体数字进行分类识别．基于字符质心的不均匀分块方法,在一定程度上可以克服无约束手写体数字字形千变万化所引起的不稳定性．层次特征将字符在空间的二维分布转化为一维,特征抽取过程简单,易于实现．将该算法应用于无约束手写体数字的信函分拣系统,单字的平均识别率达９７％以上．     

直接法与时域法相结合用于电力系统暂态安全分析

本文将ＥＥＡＣ法与时域法相结合用于电力系统的暂态安全分析。用基于简单模型的极块的ＥＥＡＣ法扫描预先指定的事故集,求出各种情况下的稳定裕度,把明显稳定的情况过滤掉,剩下的情况再用时域法详细仿真。这种两方法的结合,可以快速准确地判断系统的暂态稳定性。     

(磁)流体波动力学问题的近似求解─参数微分法

针对非线性物理如等离子体物理、流体力学、大气科学等领域中信受人们关注的两类摄动问题（Ⅰ）、（Ⅱ）,引进"参数微分法"得到其近似解,其结果可用于研讨摄动对原物理问题解的影响。类似的问题在许多动力学问题物理解的数值定性分析及其应用WKB方法处理时也会经常遇到。这里的方法仅对两个特例给出,无疑可用于其它类似问题的处理。