我国铁路快速货物运输发展的现状与展望

阐述了国外铁路快速货物运输系统发展的经验和特点 ,揭示了市场经济条件下 ,中国经济发展和产品结构变化所导致的货物运输轻型化及其运输需求增长和快运市场剧烈竞争的基本态势 ,分析了近年来铁路开发的两种快运产品 ,即“五定班列”和“行包专列’的市场竞争能力 ,指出了从中国基本国情出发 ,进一步发展和完善铁路快速货物运输的努力方向 .并从系统特征、建设目标、系统技术装备建设和组织管理制度建设等方面对未来中国铁路的快捷货运系统进行了展望 .     

标量电动力学的量子输运理论

在本文,我们推导出了标量粒子的一般量子输运方程和限制方程,并研究了Hartree近似下的量子输运理论。     

汽车甩挂运输最佳运距的研究

汽车甩挂运输是先进的公路运输形式之一。从汽车甩挂运输生产工艺的全过程和昼提高车时利用率出发，提出了适合我国目前推行汽车甩挂运输的最佳单程运距为５３－１００ｋｍ、１３３－２２０ｋｍ和２９３－４６０ｋｍ。     

^4He^＋离子在C和Cu上能量沉积系数的理论计算

利用部分地考虑能量损失的角关联的改进离子输运双群模型，计算了＾４Ｈｅ＾＋离子垂直入射到Ｃ和Ｃｕ上的能量沉积参数，改进了早期的离子输运双群模型。     

维修“天窗”对电气化重载专线输送能力的影响

采用运行图模拟和理论分析相结合的方法,论证了电气化重载专线维修“天窗”的预留方式,并分析了各种“天窗”的预留方案对输送能力的影响.     

一类具有非齐次边界条件的迁移方程的适应性及谱特征

本文讨论了一类具有一般边界条件的中子迁移方程的适定性.利用Banach空间的锥理论和积分半群理论证明了该方程的具有物理意义的正解的存在唯一性,并且,我们还讨论了相应的迁移算子的本征值的一系列性质.     

探测深度对心脏光学标测中荧光信号的影响

为了估计心脏光学标测过程中不同探测深度对光标测结果的影响，利用电兴奋跨壁传导模型和荧光传输模型，模拟了心室电兴奋跨壁传播时跨膜电位的分布和不同光探测深度的荧光信号，并将深度权重的荧光信号与组织表层细胞的荧光信号做了比较，并分析了产生差异的原因．研究表明：如果大多数荧光来自组织的近表层（小于0．5mm），光探测深度的影响几乎可以忽略；当探测深度增加时（大于等于0．5mm），尤其在螺旋波条件下，两种动作电位在上升时间、幅度和时程上的差异随探测深度的增加而加大，所以需要对以往由心肌表面电标测得到的电生理指标做相应修正．     

Axonal transport of neurofilaments in normal and disease states

Neurofilaments are among the most abundant organelles in neurones. They are synthesised in cell bodies and then transported into and through axons by a process termed 'slow axonal transport' at a rate that is distinct from that driven by conventional fast motors. Several recent studies have now demonstrated that this slow rate of transport is actually the consequence of conventional fast rates of movement that are interrupted by extended pausing. At any one time, most neurofilaments are thus stationary. Accumulations of neurofilaments are a pathological feature of several human neurodegenerative diseases suggesting that neurofilament transport is disrupted in disease states. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of neurofilament transport in both normal and disease states. Increasing evidence suggests that phosphorylation of neurofilaments is a mechanism for regulating their transport properties, possibly by promoting their detachment from the motor(s). In some neurodegenerative diseases, signal transduction mechanisms involving neurofilament kinases and phosphatases may be perturbed leading to disruption of transport. Received 11 July 2001; received after revision 30 August 2001; accepted 31 August 2001     

Binding of estradiol to synaptosomal mitochondria: physiological significance

The subsynaptosomal distribution and specific binding of 17beta-estradiol in vitro to mitochondria isolated from presynaptic nerve endings of female rat brain were examined. 17Beta-estradiol is (i) distributed unequally in synaptosomes and mitochondria posses the highest capacity to bind estradiol with respect to the available amount of the hormone. (ii) Estradiol binds specifically to isolated synaptosomal mitochondria. A Michaelis-Menten plot of specific binding was sigmoidal within a concentration range of 0.1-5 nM of added estradiol, with a saturation plateau at 3 nM. Binding of higher estradiol concentrations demonstrated an exponential Michaelis-Menten plot, indicating non-specific binding to mitochondria. Vmax and Km for the sigmoidal-shape range were estimated as 46 +/- 6 fmol of estradiol/mg of mitochondrial proteins and 0.46 +/- 0.07 nM free estradiol respectively. (iii) Estradiol binding is not affected by the removal of ovaries. The results show that inhibition of Na-dependent Ca2+ efflux from mitochondria by estradiol occurs according to an affinity change of the translocator for Na+, at the same estradiol concentrations that show specific binding to mitochondrial membranes. These data imply that physiological concentrations of estradiol, acting on mitochondrial membrane properties, extragenomically modulate the mitochondrial, and consequently the synaptosomal content of Ca2+, and in that way exert a significant change in nerve cell homeostasis.