大山包越冬黑颈鹤种群数量变化与其栖息环境变迁的分析

为了解大山包越冬黑颈鹤种群数量变化与其栖息环境变迁的关系,通过定时、定点同时计数方法对大山包自然保护区越冬黑颈鹤种群数量的研究调查,结果显示黑颈鹤在保护区的越冬种群数量从1993年统计的200只增长到2010年的1 059只,这17年时间内黑颈鹤种群数量在线性上呈上升趋势.分析表明越冬种群数量的增长与保护区内黑颈鹤栖息地的多方面保护、食物投放等有关.     

汽车起重机副臂结构的有限元分析

应用有限元分析软件ANSYS中的接触对模拟副臂臂节间搭接处的接触问题,建立汽车起重机副臂结构的实体模型,并进行非线性分析计算,得到结构变形和应力分布,验证了结构的刚度和强度能够满足要求.该方法不仅可以应用于汽车起重机副臂结构的设计计算,并可为其他接触问题提供解决方法.     

基于输入整形的线性二次型调节器及其应用

针对桥式起重机这一类不完全控制系统,提出了一种新的混合控制方案,有机地结合了鲁棒输入整形技术以及线形二次型调节器(LQR).该方案中,结合起重机模型的特点,采用LQR控制器来同时实现小车的定位以及消除负载的残留振荡.输入整形技术采用频域的零点配置方法设计多峰鲁棒输入整形器用来进一步减小负载的瞬时振荡,保障安全作业;所设计的混合方案在结构上简单实用,适合实际应用.仿真结果证明了该方案的良好性能.和基本的LQR控制进行比较,该方案可同时实现小车的定位以及消除负载的残留振荡,并可有效地减小负载的瞬时振荡,体现了良好的综合性能.     

Extrafloral nectaries mediate the arboreal beetle community (Coleoptera) in a Neotropical rainforest

ABSTRACT

Nectaries are structures that secrete a sugary solution and can occur on vegetative and/or reproductive parts of plants. The significance of floral nectaries to reward vertebrate and arthropod pollinators is well supported. The role of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) is more ambiguous, though research has been skewed to the ant-plant mutualism. Many other insects feed at EFNs, but these interactions are vastly understudied. This study addresses the hypothesis that EFNs may influence the occurrence and structure of Neotropical canopy beetle communities. Seven canopy trees (four families) exhibiting EFNs and their associated beetles were studied over a one-year period in southern Venezuela. In total, 6818 adult beetles identified to 868 species were recorded on 25 investigated canopy tree species (#47 individuals). Of the 868 beetle species, 150 species (517 individuals; 17.3% species) from 20 families were observed drinking from foliar EFNs on seven EFN-bearing tree species. Dietary dependence on EF nectar varied, with 95 beetle species utilising this nectar within a broader diet and 55 species found feeding exclusively on EFNs. This study demonstrates unequivocally that EF nectar is a frequently utilised food resource of many beetle adults and beetles have been a significantly underestimated visitor group. A more detailed study was conducted on six individual canopy trees of two species of Chrysobalanaceae, Licania hebantha Mart. ex Hook. f. and Moquilea subarachnophylla (Cuatrec.) Sothers and Prance. In total, 115 individual adults of 64 beetle species were collected on nectar secreted on newly-sprouted leaves. These beetle assemblages were dominated by species utilising EF nectar and were associated with distinct phenological phases of the host trees. Altogether, the beetle survey found support for the hypothesis that EFNs influence the occurrence and structure of beetle communities. These beetle-EFN relationships have implications for spatial arrangement, community assembly and evolution of both host plants and beetles. Like ant-EFN mutualism, EFN-bearing trees and beetles may also form mutualism. It is possible that the plants offer easier access to a nutritious resource that may deflect herbivory of vegetative parts.     

多轴工程车辆制动性能试验研究

通过大型多轴全地面汽车起重机制动过程的受力分析 ,对车辆的制动性能进行仿真计算 ,为求解多轴单车整机制动性能参数计算的静不定问题提供了一个新方法 ,可预测大型工程车辆的制动性能 通过研制的专用试验装置 ,对整机进行性能试验 ,试验与计算分析结果相吻合     

地下厂房岩壁吊车梁的力学分析及设计

针对刚体极限平衡法的不足,利用非线性有限元方法,分析了岩壁吊车梁与围岩的相互作用,研究了锚杆的受力机理,并利用超载和强度储备法研究了岩壁吊车梁的安全裕度.结果表明,按刚体极限平衡法假设所设计的锚杆偏保守,与实际受力状况有很大差别,接触面不发生破坏时锚杆中的应力不大,即锚杆承受的载荷很小,接触面单元接近全部破坏时锚杆中的应力才会迅速提高.     

考虑抑制耦合关系的5G业务故障分析方法

5G网络业务对基础设施的共用关系使得其业务故障逻辑更为复杂,具体体现在业务故障间耦合关系的形成。其中抑制耦合作为一类特殊的业务故障耦合关系,体现了业务故障间此消彼长、相互抑制的关联关系,极大程度上影响着业务的运行情况。为了对抑制耦合影响下的5G业务故障进行分析,本文基于对业务故障间抑制耦合关系的考虑,提出了耦合故障树分析方法,基于该方法本文实现了对抑制耦合关系影响下业务故障的解析评估。5G轮胎吊案例的分析与对比,证明了本文所提方法的有效性。     

基于Kalman滤波和LQG控制的起重机控制研究

针对双载荷轨道起重机在抬升重物时的消摆时间长、定位速度慢的问题,提出采用最优控制理论和卡尔曼滤波算法,设计线性高斯二次型(Linear Quadratic Gaussian, LQG)控制器并对其进行残余振动抑制。首先,运用Lagrange方程建立起重机系统的非线性动力学方程,其次,运用雅可比矩阵将非线性方程线性化,得到系统的状态空间方程;通过证明线性系统的可控性和可观性,选择合适的权函数,设计最优二次型线性调节器(Linear Quadratic Regulator, LQR)和最优状态估计器来得到LQG控制器,通过建立相关模型的Simulink控制系统仿真表明：设计的LQG控制器能有效衰减残余振动;通过与PID控制器对比分析,所提出的LQG控制器能更有效衰减残余振动幅值,振动的超调量更小,所需的稳态时间更短,验证了该控制策略的有效性和可行性。     

Study on the System for Separating Sulfur from Flue Gas and Dust

1. INTRODUCTIONIt is well known that freely-flowing flue gas and dust containing SOZ will pollute the air.There are some shortcomings in the existing process for separating sulfur and dust. Thisp8Per studies the system for separating sulfur from flue gajs and dust, which adopts the newtechnology of dynamic fogging. In the papers the velocity and flow of liquid membrance, andthe separating characters of rotation now in the tower are computed, and the main factorsaffecting the sulfur separ…     

光滑塔器烟囱诱导振动研究

以光滑独立高塔或烟囱的诱导振动为背景,针对不可压空气单圆柱绕流流场,采用基于剪切应力传输(SST)两方程湍流模型的分离涡(DES)数值模拟方法求解Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程。进行了网格无关性、时间步长无关性研究;以及来流湍流度、速度(Re)对诱导振动的影响规律,结果表明:基于SST k-ω的分离涡模拟可以正确模拟独立高塔或烟囱的绕流流场;来流湍流度对诱导振动力有较大影响,达到11.5%;对斯特罗哈数(St)影响较小,为5.2%左右;对阻力的影响在0.3%以内。