超声-微波协同萃取-HPLC检测掺罂粟壳肉汤中的生物碱

为建立食品中可能出现的罂粟壳生物碱成分--吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱的提取和测定方法,用超声-微波协同萃取的方法提取罂粟壳中的生物碱,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)进行含量分析.其平均回收率分别为97.87%,96.80%,94.47%;精密度相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.070%,0.037%,0.029%;重现性相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.040%,0.209%,0.665%.本方法具有回收率高、灵敏度高、精密度高等优点,可适用于食品中罂粟壳生物碱的检测.     

黄皮化学成分研究

利用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据其理化性质和光谱分析鉴定结构,研究黄皮(Clausena Iansium)的化学成分.从黄皮茎提取物二氯甲烷部分分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为imperatodn(1),8-hydroxyfurocoumarin(2),5-hydroxy-8-(3'-methyl-2'Joutenyl)furocoumarin(3),indizoline(4),methyl carbazole-3-carboxylate(5),3-formylcarbazole(6),elausine-O(7),clauszoline-K(8),1-(3'-melhyl-2'-butenyl)-2-hydroxy-3-formylcarbazole(9)和β-谷甾醇(10).其中,化合物(1)、(7)、(8)、(9)首次从黄皮中分离得到.     

荷叶生物碱对胰脂肪酶的抑制作用

荷叶粗粉经过石油醚去脂后,用95%乙醇提取,初步纯化后得荷叶生物碱粗提物.初步探 讨了荷叶生物碱对胰脂肪酶的抑制机理：抑制剂不直接与酶分子作用,而是间接改 变底物乳化来阻碍底物 酶结合达到抑制作用.通过试验测定了抑制常数： K i=0.2 mg /m L.Dixon图和Lineweaver Burk图的特征表明,该抑制剂对胰脂肪酶的抑制呈非竞争性抑制.     

(一)-Deoxoprosophylline的不对称合成

报道了一务哌啶生物碱(-)-Deoxoprosophylline的不对称合成方法.采用二碘化钐促进的手性叔丁基甲磺亚胺10与取代醛11交叉偶联为关键技术,构筑重要中间体--反式羟甲基化β-氨基醇9的立体化学,该反应的收率为77%,立体选择性为99%.这种高选择性地合成反式羟甲基化β-氨基醇的方法可方便地应用于多种含有2-羟甲基-6-取代-3-羟基哌啶生物碱的不对称合成中.     

丽江紫乌头中的二萜生物碱

 对丽江紫乌头中的二萜生物碱进行研究.利用反复硅胶柱层析,重结晶等分离手段从中分离鉴定了6个二萜生物碱:查斯曼宁(chasmanineⅠ),塔拉萨敏(talatizamine Ⅱ),草乌甲素(crassicauline A Ⅲ),丽江乌头碱(foresaconitine Ⅳ),acoforestinine(Ⅴ),滇乌碱(yunaconitine Ⅵ).其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

红树白骨壤果实中生物碱类化学成分研究

【目的】研究红树白骨壤果实中生物碱类化学成分。【方法】采用多种柱色谱和高效液相色谱分离技术,对白骨壤果实中生物碱类化学成分进行研究,运用波谱分析和文献对照方法,鉴定化学结构。【结果】白骨壤果实中分离鉴定了5个生物碱类单体化合物,分别鉴定为2(1H)-Pyrazinone-3,4-dihydro-1,3,5-trimethyl(1)、尿苷(2)、尿嘧啶(3)、indole-3-aldehyde(4)、Miazole(5)。【结论】化合物1,4-5均是首次从该种海洋植物中分离得到。     

Dithyreanitrile: an unusual insect antifeedant fromDithyrea wislizenii

Summary Dithyreanitrile, a novel sulfur-containing indole alkaloid, was isolated from the seeds ofDithyrea wislizenii (Cruciferae). Dithyreanitrile inhibits feeding of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) larvae. Dithyreanitrile, the first natural product with two sulfur atoms and a nitrile attached to the same carbon, was characterized by X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, and chemical synthesis.     

Effects of phthalimide on growth and alkaloid formation ofDatura metel L.

Summary When administered toDatura metel L. by foliar or root application, the new plant growth regulator phthalimide exercises a favorable effect on the vegetative growth and also stimulates the formation of tropane alkaloids.     

长春花总生物碱的提取方法研究

采用酸水冷浸法、乙醇冷凝回流法提取长春花中的总生物碱,并通过沉淀反应、显色反应对提取出来的生物碱进行定性检测,通过紫外分光光度法测其相对含量。结果显示酸水冷浸法与乙醇冷凝回流法都能提取长春花中生物总碱,乙醇冷凝回流法比酸水冷浸法提取长春花生物碱含量高,效果更好。     

Defensive alkaloid in blood of Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis)

Summary The blood of the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) contains a homotropane alkaloid, euphococcinine (1). The beetles reflex bleed when disturbed, thereby deploying the alkaloid, which is provenly deterrent to spiders and ants. Newly emerged adults lack the alkaloid, but the compound builds up to deterrent levels in their blood within days. Eggs and larvae ofEpilachna are devoid of the compound.Paper No 79 of the series: Defense Mechanisms of Arthropods. Study supported by NIH (Grants AI-02908 and AI-12020) and Hatch Funds (NYC-191409). We thank G. Eidens, K. Hicks, and M. Eisner for excellent technical help, and an anonymous reviewer for calling two critical references to our attention. The ant tests were done at the Archbold Biological Station, Lake Placid, Florida. The hospitality of the Fogarty Scholar-in-Residence Program (to J.M.) is acknowledged with pleasure.